Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ (Bismuth titanate, BTO)

2 datasets, together covering 0.45–0.7 µm. Default: Simon et al. 1997: n(a); 0.45–0.70 µm.

Compare datasets

Tick datasets in the list to add them to the plot (up to 12).

Datasets

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# Bi4Ti3O12 (Bismuth titanate, BTO): Simon et al. 1997: n(a); 0.45–0.70 µm
bi4ti3o12 = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "Bi4Ti3O12", "Simon-a", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(bi4ti3o12.range_nm)  # (450, 700) nm
eps = bi4ti3o12.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_ebd362c012d9/lightsmith"
bi4ti3o12 = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(bi4ti3o12.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (bi4ti3o12/simon-1997-a).

# ... load bi4ti3o12 as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=bi4ti3o12)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=450, stop_nm=700, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_ebd362c012d9/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
bi4ti3o12_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))

A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

About Bi4Ti3O12 (Bismuth titanate, BTO)

Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂, commonly referred to as bismuth titanate (BTO), is a ferroelectric material that has attracted considerable attention for its diverse range of applications, from non-volatile memories to piezoelectric devices. In optics, BTO has been investigated as a nonlinear optical material and as a candidate for photonic applications where electric field-controlled refractive index changes are advantageous. One of its most notable properties is its high Curie temperature, which makes it stable over a wide temperature range. Additionally, the material has a high spontaneous polarization and a large electro-optic coefficient, making it suitable for modulators and switches. BTO can be synthesized using various methods such as sol-gel, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Its compatibility with silicon technology also makes it appealing for integrated optics applications. However, like many bismuth compounds, it requires careful handling and processing due to the toxicity of bismuth. Overall, BTO's unique ferroelectric and electro-optic properties make it a material of keen interest for researchers exploring new avenues in photonic and optoelectronic devices.

Other names: Bismuth titanate, BTO, Bismuth titanate, BTO, Bismuth titanium oxide, Bismuth titanate oxide, Bismuth titanyl oxide

API: /v1/materials/mat_bab1c08a4386 · slug bi4ti3o12