At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.82845
Extinction coefficient k: 0.0021868

Permittivity ε₁: 3.34321
Permittivity ε₂: 0.00799689

Absorption coefficient α: 467.667 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): 42765.4 nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.709 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 2.24505
Group velocity dispersion: — fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: — ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# Al:ZnO (Aluminium-doped zinc oxide, AZO): Treharne et al. 2011: n,k 0.3–0.9 µm
al_zno = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("other", "Al-ZnO", "Treharne", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(al_zno.range_nm)  # (300, 900) nm
eps = al_zno.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_e065b4c921a1/lightsmith"
al_zno = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(al_zno.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (al-zno/treharne-2011).

# ... load al_zno as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=al_zno)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=900, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

An Al doped ZnO film (approx 2% wt. Al) was deposited on to a soda-lime glass substrate using RF magnetron sputtering. The resultant film had a resistivity of 4.7x10^-4 Ω·cm. A variable-angle ellipsometer was used to take amplitude and phase change measurements. The refractive index and extinction coefficient was extracted from a multi-oscillator model fit to the ellipsometry data, as a function of wavelength, from 300 to 900 nm

References

R. E. Treharne, A. Seymour-Pierce, K. Durose, K. Hutchings, S. Roncallo, D. Lane. Optical design and fabrication of fully sputtered CdTe/CdS solar cells. J. Phys: Conf. Ser. 286, 012038, (2011) (Numerical data kindly provided by Dr. Robert Treharne)

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/286/1/012038 Optical Design and Fabrication of Fully Sputtered CdTe/CdS Solar Cells, Journal of Physics: Conference Series (2011)

Cite

R E Treharne et al.. Optical Design and Fabrication of Fully Sputtered CdTe/CdS Solar Cells. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 286, 012038 (2011), doi:10.1088/1742-6596/286/1/012038; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

101 rows as published

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

Al:ZnO (Aluminium-doped zinc oxide, AZO), Treharne et al. 2011: n,k 0.3–0.9 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n	k
0.3	2.154767	0.175205
0.306	2.154957	0.170582
0.312	2.156191	0.16472
0.318	2.158446	0.157429
0.324	2.161059	0.148498
0.33	2.164305	0.137522
0.336	2.16854	0.123829
0.342	2.173999	0.106109
0.348	2.180379	0.080004
0.354	2.176267	0.032426
0.36	2.130061	0.013885
0.366	2.104747	0.005007
0.372	2.082114	0.002554
0.378	2.064198	0.001905
0.384	2.049153	0.001597
0.39	2.036118	0.001388
0.396	2.024186	0.001233
0.402	2.013311	0.001115
0.408	2.003213	0.001027
0.414	1.99378	0.000963
0.42	1.984927	0.000917
0.426	1.976836	0.000886
0.432	1.968582	0.000869
0.438	1.960902	0.000861
0.444	1.953677	0.000863
0.45	1.946614	0.000872
0.456	1.939919	0.000887
0.462	1.933477	0.000908
0.468	1.927221	0.000935
0.474	1.92109	0.000966
0.48	1.915183	0.001001
0.486	1.909528	0.001039
0.492	1.903913	0.001082
0.498	1.898509	0.001128
0.504	1.89322	0.001177
0.51	1.888204	0.001229
0.516	1.883039	0.001285
0.522	1.877989	0.001344
0.528	1.873085	0.001405
0.534	1.868294	0.00147
0.54	1.863618	0.001538
0.546	1.858897	0.001609
0.552	1.854369	0.001683
0.558	1.849868	0.00176
0.564	1.84549	0.00184
0.57	1.841161	0.001923
0.576	1.836692	0.00201
0.582	1.832416	0.0021
0.588	1.828162	0.002193
0.594	1.823926	0.00229
0.6	1.81984	0.00239
0.606	1.815705	0.002494
0.612	1.811541	0.002602
0.618	1.80752	0.002713
0.624	1.803508	0.002828
0.63	1.799486	0.002947
0.636	1.795716	0.00307
0.642	1.791746	0.003197
0.648	1.787539	0.003329
0.654	1.783507	0.003464
0.66	1.779507	0.003605
0.666	1.77555	0.003749
0.672	1.771562	0.003898
0.678	1.767704	0.004052
0.684	1.763782	0.004211
0.69	1.759827	0.004375
0.696	1.755873	0.004543
0.702	1.751997	0.004717
0.708	1.748091	0.004896
0.714	1.744186	0.005081
0.72	1.740285	0.005271
0.726	1.736478	0.005466
0.732	1.732595	0.005668
0.738	1.728632	0.005875
0.744	1.724596	0.006089
0.75	1.720704	0.006308
0.756	1.716763	0.006534
0.762	1.712823	0.006767
0.768	1.708856	0.007006
0.774	1.704878	0.007252
0.78	1.700987	0.007504
0.786	1.697012	0.007764
0.792	1.693021	0.008031
0.798	1.688978	0.008306
0.804	1.684912	0.008588
0.81	1.680934	0.008878
0.816	1.676888	0.009175
0.822	1.672838	0.009481
0.828	1.66878	0.009795
0.834	1.664654	0.010117
0.84	1.660625	0.010448
0.846	1.656592	0.010787
0.852	1.652492	0.011135
0.858	1.648286	0.011493
0.864	1.644022	0.011861
0.87	1.639697	0.012239
0.876	1.635471	0.012626
0.882	1.631233	0.013022
0.888	1.626933	0.01343
0.894	1.622635	0.013847
0.9	1.618321	0.014275

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

Plot