Optical constants
Refractive index of Ar (Argon)
Grace et al 2017: Solid at 20 K; n 0.117–0.660 µm
- Data
- formula 1
- Range
- 0.117–0.66 µm
- Temperature
- 20 K
- State
- solid
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 1.30745
- Extinction coefficient k
- 0
- Permittivity ε1
- 1.70942
- Permittivity ε2
- 0
- Absorption coefficient α
- 0 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- — nm
- Abbe number Vd
- 103.32
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -0.0155137 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 1.31656
- Group velocity dispersion
- 22.0803 fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- -120.46 ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 2.11001 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# Ar (Argon): Grace et al 2017: Solid at 20 K; n 0.117–0.660 µm
ar = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "Ar", "Grace-solid-20K", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(ar.range_nm) # (117, 660) nm
eps = ar.eps([633]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_152fce7e2cfa/lightsmith"
ar = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(ar.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (ar/grace-2017-solid-20k).
# ... load ar as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=ar)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=660, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_152fce7e2cfa/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
ar_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Dispersion formula
Sellmeier (formula 1), λ in µmValid from 0.117 to 0.66 µm.
Coefficients as stored
| Ci | Value |
|---|---|
| C1 | 0.4 |
| C2 | 0.3 |
| C3 | 0.1066 |
| C4 | 0.0011 |
| C5 | 0.9083 |
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- temperature
- 20 K
References
- doi:10.1016/j.nima.2017.06.031 Index of refraction, Rayleigh scattering length, and Sellmeier coefficients in solid and liquid argon and xenon, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment (2017)
Cite
Emily Grace, Alistair Butcher, Jocelyn Monroe and James A. Nikkel. Index of refraction, Rayleigh scattering length, and Sellmeier coefficients in solid and liquid argon and xenon. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 867, 204-208 (2017), doi:10.1016/j.nima.2017.06.031; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library| λ (µm) | n |
|---|---|
| 0.117 | 1.779317 |
| 0.117508 | 1.759111 |
| 0.118019 | 1.740427 |
| 0.118532 | 1.723097 |
| 0.119047 | 1.706977 |
| 0.119564 | 1.691943 |
| 0.120084 | 1.677888 |
| 0.120606 | 1.664718 |
| 0.12113 | 1.652353 |
| 0.121656 | 1.640718 |
| 0.122185 | 1.629753 |
| 0.122716 | 1.619399 |
| 0.123249 | 1.609607 |
| 0.123784 | 1.600333 |
| 0.124322 | 1.591535 |
| 0.124863 | 1.583179 |
| 0.125405 | 1.575232 |
| 0.12595 | 1.567664 |
| 0.126497 | 1.560449 |
| 0.127047 | 1.553563 |
| 0.127599 | 1.546984 |
| 0.128154 | 1.540692 |
| 0.128711 | 1.534669 |
| 0.12927 | 1.528898 |
| 0.129832 | 1.523363 |
| 0.130396 | 1.51805 |
| 0.130962 | 1.512947 |
| 0.131531 | 1.508041 |
| 0.132103 | 1.503321 |
| 0.132677 | 1.498777 |
| 0.133254 | 1.494399 |
| 0.133833 | 1.490179 |
| 0.134414 | 1.486108 |
| 0.134998 | 1.482178 |
| 0.135585 | 1.478383 |
| 0.136174 | 1.474716 |
| 0.136766 | 1.47117 |
| 0.13736 | 1.46774 |
| 0.137957 | 1.464419 |
| 0.138556 | 1.461204 |
| 0.139159 | 1.458089 |
| 0.139763 | 1.45507 |
| 0.140371 | 1.452142 |
| 0.140981 | 1.449302 |
| 0.141593 | 1.446545 |
| 0.142208 | 1.443869 |
| 0.142826 | 1.441269 |
| 0.143447 | 1.438742 |
| 0.14407 | 1.436287 |
| 0.144696 | 1.433899 |
| 0.145325 | 1.431576 |
| 0.145957 | 1.429315 |
| 0.146591 | 1.427115 |
| 0.147228 | 1.424972 |
| 0.147868 | 1.422885 |
| 0.14851 | 1.420852 |
| 0.149156 | 1.41887 |
| 0.149804 | 1.416938 |
| 0.150455 | 1.415054 |
| 0.151109 | 1.413216 |
| 0.151765 | 1.411422 |
| 0.152425 | 1.409672 |
| 0.153087 | 1.407963 |
| 0.153752 | 1.406295 |
| 0.15442 | 1.404665 |
| 0.155091 | 1.403073 |
| 0.155765 | 1.401517 |
| 0.156442 | 1.399997 |
| 0.157122 | 1.39851 |
| 0.157805 | 1.397056 |
| 0.15849 | 1.395635 |
| 0.159179 | 1.394244 |
| 0.159871 | 1.392883 |
| 0.160566 | 1.391551 |
| 0.161263 | 1.390247 |
| 0.161964 | 1.388971 |
| 0.162668 | 1.387721 |
| 0.163375 | 1.386497 |
| 0.164085 | 1.385298 |
| 0.164798 | 1.384124 |
| 0.165514 | 1.382973 |
| 0.166233 | 1.381845 |
| 0.166955 | 1.380739 |
| 0.167681 | 1.379655 |
| 0.168409 | 1.378592 |
| 0.169141 | 1.377549 |
| 0.169876 | 1.376527 |
| 0.170614 | 1.375524 |
| 0.171356 | 1.37454 |
| 0.1721 | 1.373574 |
| 0.172848 | 1.372626 |
| 0.173599 | 1.371696 |
| 0.174354 | 1.370783 |
| 0.175111 | 1.369887 |
| 0.175872 | 1.369006 |
| 0.176637 | 1.368142 |
| 0.177404 | 1.367292 |
| 0.178175 | 1.366458 |
| 0.178949 | 1.365639 |
| 0.179727 | 1.364834 |
| 0.180508 | 1.364042 |
| 0.181292 | 1.363265 |
| 0.18208 | 1.362501 |
| 0.182871 | 1.361749 |
| 0.183666 | 1.361011 |
| 0.184464 | 1.360285 |
| 0.185266 | 1.359571 |
| 0.186071 | 1.358868 |
| 0.186879 | 1.358178 |
| 0.187691 | 1.357499 |
| 0.188507 | 1.35683 |
| 0.189326 | 1.356173 |
| 0.190149 | 1.355526 |
| 0.190975 | 1.35489 |
| 0.191805 | 1.354263 |
| 0.192638 | 1.353647 |
| 0.193475 | 1.35304 |
| 0.194316 | 1.352443 |
| 0.195161 | 1.351855 |
| 0.196009 | 1.351276 |
| 0.19686 | 1.350706 |
| 0.197716 | 1.350145 |
| 0.198575 | 1.349593 |
| 0.199438 | 1.349048 |
| 0.200304 | 1.348512 |
| 0.201175 | 1.347984 |
| 0.202049 | 1.347464 |
| 0.202927 | 1.346952 |
| 0.203809 | 1.346447 |
| 0.204694 | 1.34595 |
| 0.205584 | 1.34546 |
| 0.206477 | 1.344977 |
| 0.207375 | 1.344501 |
| 0.208276 | 1.344032 |
| 0.209181 | 1.34357 |
| 0.21009 | 1.343114 |
| 0.211003 | 1.342665 |
| 0.21192 | 1.342222 |
| 0.21284 | 1.341785 |
| 0.213765 | 1.341355 |
| 0.214694 | 1.34093 |
| 0.215627 | 1.340512 |
| 0.216564 | 1.340099 |
| 0.217505 | 1.339692 |
| 0.21845 | 1.33929 |
| 0.2194 | 1.338895 |
| 0.220353 | 1.338504 |
| 0.22131 | 1.338119 |
| 0.222272 | 1.337739 |
| 0.223238 | 1.337364 |
| 0.224208 | 1.336994 |
| 0.225182 | 1.336629 |
| 0.226161 | 1.336269 |
| 0.227144 | 1.335913 |
| 0.228131 | 1.335563 |
| 0.229122 | 1.335217 |
| 0.230118 | 1.334875 |
| 0.231118 | 1.334538 |
| 0.232122 | 1.334206 |
| 0.233131 | 1.333877 |
| 0.234144 | 1.333553 |
| 0.235161 | 1.333233 |
| 0.236183 | 1.332917 |
| 0.237209 | 1.332605 |
| 0.23824 | 1.332298 |
| 0.239275 | 1.331994 |
| 0.240315 | 1.331694 |
| 0.241359 | 1.331397 |
| 0.242408 | 1.331105 |
| 0.243461 | 1.330816 |
| 0.244519 | 1.33053 |
| 0.245582 | 1.330249 |
| 0.246649 | 1.32997 |
| 0.247721 | 1.329695 |
| 0.248797 | 1.329424 |
| 0.249878 | 1.329156 |
| 0.250964 | 1.328891 |
| 0.252055 | 1.328629 |
| 0.25315 | 1.328371 |
| 0.25425 | 1.328116 |
| 0.255355 | 1.327863 |
| 0.256465 | 1.327614 |
| 0.257579 | 1.327368 |
| 0.258698 | 1.327125 |
| 0.259823 | 1.326884 |
| 0.260952 | 1.326647 |
| 0.262086 | 1.326412 |
| 0.263224 | 1.32618 |
| 0.264368 | 1.325951 |
| 0.265517 | 1.325724 |
| 0.266671 | 1.325501 |
| 0.26783 | 1.325279 |
| 0.268993 | 1.325061 |
| 0.270162 | 1.324845 |
| 0.271336 | 1.324631 |
| 0.272515 | 1.32442 |
| 0.2737 | 1.324211 |
| 0.274889 | 1.324005 |
| 0.276083 | 1.323801 |
| 0.277283 | 1.3236 |
| 0.278488 | 1.3234 |
| 0.279698 | 1.323203 |
| 0.280914 | 1.323009 |
| 0.282134 | 1.322816 |
| 0.28336 | 1.322626 |
| 0.284592 | 1.322437 |
| 0.285828 | 1.322251 |
| 0.28707 | 1.322067 |
| 0.288318 | 1.321885 |
| 0.289571 | 1.321705 |
| 0.290829 | 1.321528 |
| 0.292093 | 1.321352 |
| 0.293362 | 1.321178 |
| 0.294637 | 1.321005 |
| 0.295917 | 1.320835 |
| 0.297203 | 1.320667 |
| 0.298494 | 1.320501 |
| 0.299791 | 1.320336 |
| 0.301094 | 1.320173 |
| 0.302403 | 1.320012 |
| 0.303717 | 1.319853 |
| 0.305036 | 1.319695 |
| 0.306362 | 1.319539 |
| 0.307693 | 1.319385 |
| 0.30903 | 1.319233 |
| 0.310373 | 1.319082 |
| 0.311722 | 1.318932 |
| 0.313076 | 1.318785 |
| 0.314437 | 1.318639 |
| 0.315803 | 1.318494 |
| 0.317175 | 1.318351 |
| 0.318554 | 1.31821 |
| 0.319938 | 1.31807 |
| 0.321328 | 1.317931 |
| 0.322725 | 1.317794 |
| 0.324127 | 1.317659 |
| 0.325535 | 1.317525 |
| 0.32695 | 1.317392 |
| 0.328371 | 1.31726 |
| 0.329798 | 1.31713 |
| 0.331231 | 1.317002 |
| 0.33267 | 1.316875 |
| 0.334116 | 1.316749 |
| 0.335567 | 1.316624 |
| 0.337026 | 1.316501 |
| 0.33849 | 1.316378 |
| 0.339961 | 1.316258 |
| 0.341438 | 1.316138 |
| 0.342922 | 1.31602 |
| 0.344412 | 1.315903 |
| 0.345909 | 1.315787 |
| 0.347412 | 1.315672 |
| 0.348922 | 1.315558 |
| 0.350438 | 1.315446 |
| 0.351961 | 1.315335 |
| 0.35349 | 1.315224 |
| 0.355026 | 1.315115 |
| 0.356569 | 1.315007 |
| 0.358118 | 1.314901 |
| 0.359674 | 1.314795 |
| 0.361237 | 1.31469 |
| 0.362807 | 1.314586 |
| 0.364384 | 1.314484 |
| 0.365967 | 1.314382 |
| 0.367557 | 1.314282 |
| 0.369154 | 1.314182 |
| 0.370759 | 1.314083 |
| 0.37237 | 1.313986 |
| 0.373988 | 1.313889 |
| 0.375613 | 1.313793 |
| 0.377245 | 1.313699 |
| 0.378884 | 1.313605 |
| 0.380531 | 1.313512 |
| 0.382184 | 1.31342 |
| 0.383845 | 1.313329 |
| 0.385513 | 1.313239 |
| 0.387188 | 1.313149 |
| 0.388871 | 1.313061 |
| 0.390561 | 1.312973 |
| 0.392258 | 1.312886 |
| 0.393962 | 1.3128 |
| 0.395674 | 1.312715 |
| 0.397394 | 1.312631 |
| 0.39912 | 1.312548 |
| 0.400855 | 1.312465 |
| 0.402597 | 1.312383 |
| 0.404346 | 1.312302 |
| 0.406103 | 1.312222 |
| 0.407868 | 1.312142 |
| 0.40964 | 1.312063 |
| 0.41142 | 1.311985 |
| 0.413208 | 1.311908 |
| 0.415004 | 1.311832 |
| 0.416807 | 1.311756 |
| 0.418618 | 1.311681 |
| 0.420437 | 1.311606 |
| 0.422264 | 1.311532 |
| 0.424099 | 1.311459 |
| 0.425942 | 1.311387 |
| 0.427793 | 1.311315 |
| 0.429652 | 1.311244 |
| 0.431519 | 1.311174 |
| 0.433394 | 1.311104 |
| 0.435277 | 1.311035 |
| 0.437169 | 1.310967 |
| 0.439068 | 1.310899 |
| 0.440976 | 1.310832 |
| 0.442893 | 1.310765 |
| 0.444817 | 1.310699 |
| 0.44675 | 1.310634 |
| 0.448691 | 1.310569 |
| 0.450641 | 1.310505 |
| 0.452599 | 1.310441 |
| 0.454566 | 1.310378 |
| 0.456541 | 1.310316 |
| 0.458525 | 1.310254 |
| 0.460518 | 1.310192 |
| 0.462519 | 1.310132 |
| 0.464529 | 1.310071 |
| 0.466547 | 1.310012 |
| 0.468575 | 1.309952 |
| 0.470611 | 1.309894 |
| 0.472656 | 1.309835 |
| 0.47471 | 1.309778 |
| 0.476773 | 1.309721 |
| 0.478844 | 1.309664 |
| 0.480925 | 1.309608 |
| 0.483015 | 1.309552 |
| 0.485114 | 1.309497 |
| 0.487222 | 1.309442 |
| 0.489339 | 1.309388 |
| 0.491465 | 1.309334 |
| 0.493601 | 1.309281 |
| 0.495746 | 1.309228 |
| 0.4979 | 1.309175 |
| 0.500064 | 1.309123 |
| 0.502237 | 1.309072 |
| 0.504419 | 1.30902 |
| 0.506611 | 1.30897 |
| 0.508812 | 1.308919 |
| 0.511023 | 1.308869 |
| 0.513244 | 1.30882 |
| 0.515474 | 1.308771 |
| 0.517714 | 1.308722 |
| 0.519964 | 1.308673 |
| 0.522223 | 1.308626 |
| 0.524493 | 1.308578 |
| 0.526772 | 1.308531 |
| 0.529061 | 1.308484 |
| 0.53136 | 1.308437 |
| 0.533669 | 1.308391 |
| 0.535988 | 1.308345 |
| 0.538317 | 1.3083 |
| 0.540656 | 1.308255 |
| 0.543006 | 1.30821 |
| 0.545365 | 1.308166 |
| 0.547735 | 1.308121 |
| 0.550115 | 1.308078 |
| 0.552506 | 1.308034 |
| 0.554907 | 1.307991 |
| 0.557318 | 1.307948 |
| 0.55974 | 1.307906 |
| 0.562172 | 1.307863 |
| 0.564615 | 1.307821 |
| 0.567068 | 1.307779 |
| 0.569532 | 1.307738 |
| 0.572007 | 1.307697 |
| 0.574493 | 1.307656 |
| 0.576989 | 1.307615 |
| 0.579497 | 1.307575 |
| 0.582015 | 1.307535 |
| 0.584544 | 1.307495 |
| 0.587084 | 1.307455 |
| 0.589635 | 1.307416 |
| 0.592197 | 1.307376 |
| 0.594771 | 1.307337 |
| 0.597355 | 1.307299 |
| 0.599951 | 1.30726 |
| 0.602558 | 1.307222 |
| 0.605176 | 1.307183 |
| 0.607806 | 1.307145 |
| 0.610447 | 1.307107 |
| 0.6131 | 1.30707 |
| 0.615764 | 1.307032 |
| 0.61844 | 1.306995 |
| 0.621127 | 1.306958 |
| 0.623826 | 1.306921 |
| 0.626537 | 1.306884 |
| 0.62926 | 1.306847 |
| 0.631994 | 1.30681 |
| 0.63474 | 1.306774 |
| 0.637498 | 1.306737 |
| 0.640269 | 1.306701 |
| 0.643051 | 1.306664 |
| 0.645845 | 1.306628 |
| 0.648652 | 1.306592 |
| 0.65147 | 1.306556 |
| 0.654301 | 1.30652 |
| 0.657144 | 1.306484 |
| 0.66 | 1.306448 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
Solid argon at 20 K (-253.15 °C).