Optical constants

Refractive index of CHCl₃ (Chloroform)

Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm

Data: formula 1
Range: 0.4–2 µm
Temperature: 295 K
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.44497
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 2.08795
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: 45.42
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.0501159 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.47442
Group velocity dispersion: 96.0956 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -524.252 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# CHCl3 (Chloroform): Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm
chcl3 = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("organic", "chloroform", "Chang", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(chcl3.range_nm)  # (400, 2000) nm
eps = chcl3.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_b5acab55a749/lightsmith"
chcl3 = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(chcl3.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (chloroform/chang-2024).

# ... load chcl3 as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=chcl3)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_b5acab55a749/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
chcl3_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))

A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Sellmeier (formula 1), λ in µm

n^{2} - 1 = \frac{1.047 λ^{2}}{λ^{2} - {0.114}^{2}}

Valid from 0.4 to 2.0 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	0.0
C2	1.047
C3	0.114

Comments and conditions

21.5–22.0 °C

Conditions

temperature: 295 K

References

H.-J. Chang, N. Munera, C. Lopez-Zelaya, D. Banerjee, G. Beadie, E. W. Van Stryland, D. J. Hagan. Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry. Opt. Mater. Express 14, 1253–1267 (2024)

doi:10.1364/ome.519907 Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry, Optical Materials Express (2024)

Cite

Hao-Jung Chang et al.. Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry. Optical Materials Express, 14, 1253 (2024), doi:10.1364/ome.519907; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

CHCl3 (Chloroform), Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.4	1.462724
0.401617	1.462447
0.40324	1.462173
0.40487	1.461902
0.406506	1.461633
0.408149	1.461366
0.409799	1.461102
0.411455	1.460841
0.413118	1.460582
0.414788	1.460325
0.416465	1.46007
0.418148	1.459818
0.419838	1.459569
0.421535	1.459321
0.423239	1.459076
0.424949	1.458833
0.426667	1.458592
0.428391	1.458353
0.430123	1.458117
0.431861	1.457883
0.433607	1.45765
0.435359	1.45742
0.437119	1.457192
0.438886	1.456966
0.44066	1.456743
0.442441	1.456521
0.444229	1.456301
0.446024	1.456083
0.447827	1.455867
0.449637	1.455653
0.451455	1.455441
0.453279	1.455231
0.455111	1.455023
0.456951	1.454816
0.458798	1.454612
0.460652	1.454409
0.462514	1.454208
0.464383	1.454009
0.46626	1.453812
0.468145	1.453616
0.470037	1.453422
0.471937	1.45323
0.473844	1.45304
0.47576	1.452851
0.477683	1.452664
0.479613	1.452479
0.481552	1.452295
0.483498	1.452113
0.485452	1.451933
0.487414	1.451754
0.489385	1.451576
0.491363	1.451401
0.493349	1.451226
0.495343	1.451054
0.497345	1.450883
0.499355	1.450713
0.501373	1.450545
0.5034	1.450378
0.505434	1.450213
0.507477	1.450049
0.509528	1.449887
0.511588	1.449726
0.513655	1.449567
0.515732	1.449409
0.517816	1.449252
0.519909	1.449097
0.52201	1.448943
0.52412	1.44879
0.526239	1.448639
0.528366	1.448489
0.530501	1.44834
0.532645	1.448193
0.534798	1.448047
0.53696	1.447902
0.53913	1.447758
0.541309	1.447616
0.543497	1.447475
0.545694	1.447335
0.547899	1.447197
0.550114	1.447059
0.552337	1.446923
0.55457	1.446788
0.556811	1.446654
0.559062	1.446521
0.561321	1.44639
0.56359	1.446259
0.565868	1.44613
0.568155	1.446002
0.570452	1.445875
0.572757	1.445748
0.575072	1.445624
0.577397	1.4455
0.57973	1.445377
0.582073	1.445255
0.584426	1.445135
0.586788	1.445015
0.58916	1.444896
0.591541	1.444779
0.593932	1.444662
0.596333	1.444546
0.598743	1.444432
0.601163	1.444318
0.603593	1.444206
0.606032	1.444094
0.608482	1.443983
0.610941	1.443873
0.613411	1.443764
0.61589	1.443657
0.618379	1.44355
0.620879	1.443443
0.623388	1.443338
0.625908	1.443234
0.628438	1.443131
0.630978	1.443028
0.633528	1.442926
0.636088	1.442826
0.638659	1.442726
0.641241	1.442627
0.643833	1.442528
0.646435	1.442431
0.649048	1.442334
0.651671	1.442239
0.654305	1.442144
0.656949	1.442049
0.659605	1.441956
0.662271	1.441864
0.664948	1.441772
0.667635	1.441681
0.670334	1.441591
0.673043	1.441501
0.675763	1.441412
0.678495	1.441324
0.681237	1.441237
0.68399	1.441151
0.686755	1.441065
0.689531	1.44098
0.692318	1.440896
0.695116	1.440812
0.697925	1.440729
0.700746	1.440647
0.703579	1.440565
0.706422	1.440484
0.709278	1.440404
0.712144	1.440325
0.715023	1.440246
0.717913	1.440168
0.720814	1.44009
0.723728	1.440014
0.726653	1.439937
0.72959	1.439862
0.732539	1.439787
0.7355	1.439713
0.738472	1.439639
0.741457	1.439566
0.744454	1.439493
0.747463	1.439422
0.750484	1.43935
0.753517	1.43928
0.756563	1.43921
0.759621	1.43914
0.762691	1.439071
0.765774	1.439003
0.768869	1.438935
0.771977	1.438868
0.775097	1.438801
0.77823	1.438735
0.781375	1.43867
0.784533	1.438605
0.787704	1.43854
0.790888	1.438477
0.794085	1.438413
0.797294	1.43835
0.800517	1.438288
0.803752	1.438226
0.807001	1.438165
0.810263	1.438104
0.813538	1.438044
0.816826	1.437984
0.820127	1.437925
0.823442	1.437866
0.82677	1.437808
0.830112	1.43775
0.833467	1.437693
0.836836	1.437636
0.840218	1.43758
0.843614	1.437524
0.847024	1.437468
0.850447	1.437413
0.853885	1.437359
0.857336	1.437305
0.860801	1.437251
0.86428	1.437198
0.867774	1.437145
0.871281	1.437093
0.874803	1.437041
0.878338	1.43699
0.881888	1.436939
0.885453	1.436888
0.889032	1.436838
0.892625	1.436788
0.896233	1.436739
0.899855	1.43669
0.903492	1.436641
0.907144	1.436593
0.910811	1.436546
0.914492	1.436498
0.918188	1.436451
0.921899	1.436405
0.925626	1.436359
0.929367	1.436313
0.933123	1.436267
0.936895	1.436222
0.940681	1.436178
0.944483	1.436133
0.948301	1.436089
0.952134	1.436046
0.955982	1.436003
0.959846	1.43596
0.963726	1.435917
0.967621	1.435875
0.971532	1.435833
0.975458	1.435792
0.979401	1.435751
0.98336	1.43571
0.987334	1.435669
0.991325	1.435629
0.995332	1.43559
0.999355	1.43555
1.00339	1.435511
1.00745	1.435472
1.01152	1.435434
1.01561	1.435395
1.01971	1.435358
1.02384	1.43532
1.02797	1.435283
1.03213	1.435246
1.0363	1.435209
1.04049	1.435173
1.04469	1.435137
1.04892	1.435101
1.05316	1.435066
1.05741	1.43503
1.06169	1.434996
1.06598	1.434961
1.07029	1.434927
1.07461	1.434893
1.07896	1.434859
1.08332	1.434825
1.0877	1.434792
1.09209	1.434759
1.09651	1.434727
1.10094	1.434694
1.10539	1.434662
1.10986	1.43463
1.11434	1.434599
1.11885	1.434567
1.12337	1.434536
1.12791	1.434506
1.13247	1.434475
1.13704	1.434445
1.14164	1.434415
1.14625	1.434385
1.15089	1.434355
1.15554	1.434326
1.16021	1.434297
1.1649	1.434268
1.16961	1.434239
1.17433	1.434211
1.17908	1.434183
1.18385	1.434155
1.18863	1.434127
1.19344	1.4341
1.19826	1.434072
1.2031	1.434045
1.20797	1.434018
1.21285	1.433992
1.21775	1.433965
1.22267	1.433939
1.22761	1.433913
1.23258	1.433888
1.23756	1.433862
1.24256	1.433837
1.24758	1.433812
1.25262	1.433787
1.25769	1.433762
1.26277	1.433738
1.26787	1.433713
1.273	1.433689
1.27814	1.433665
1.28331	1.433641
1.2885	1.433618
1.2937	1.433595
1.29893	1.433571
1.30418	1.433549
1.30945	1.433526
1.31475	1.433503
1.32006	1.433481
1.3254	1.433459
1.33075	1.433437
1.33613	1.433415
1.34153	1.433393
1.34696	1.433372
1.3524	1.43335
1.35787	1.433329
1.36335	1.433308
1.36886	1.433287
1.3744	1.433267
1.37995	1.433246
1.38553	1.433226
1.39113	1.433206
1.39675	1.433186
1.4024	1.433166
1.40807	1.433146
1.41376	1.433127
1.41947	1.433107
1.42521	1.433088
1.43097	1.433069
1.43675	1.43305
1.44256	1.433032
1.44839	1.433013
1.45424	1.432995
1.46012	1.432976
1.46602	1.432958
1.47195	1.43294
1.4779	1.432923
1.48387	1.432905
1.48987	1.432887
1.49589	1.43287
1.50194	1.432853
1.50801	1.432836
1.5141	1.432819
1.52022	1.432802
1.52637	1.432785
1.53254	1.432769
1.53873	1.432752
1.54495	1.432736
1.55119	1.43272
1.55746	1.432704
1.56376	1.432688
1.57008	1.432672
1.57643	1.432656
1.5828	1.432641
1.58919	1.432625
1.59562	1.43261
1.60207	1.432595
1.60854	1.43258
1.61504	1.432565
1.62157	1.43255
1.62813	1.432536
1.63471	1.432521
1.64131	1.432507
1.64795	1.432492
1.65461	1.432478
1.6613	1.432464
1.66801	1.43245
1.67475	1.432436
1.68152	1.432423
1.68832	1.432409
1.69514	1.432395
1.70199	1.432382
1.70887	1.432369
1.71578	1.432356
1.72271	1.432343
1.72968	1.43233
1.73667	1.432317
1.74369	1.432304
1.75074	1.432291
1.75781	1.432279
1.76492	1.432266
1.77205	1.432254
1.77921	1.432242
1.7864	1.432229
1.79362	1.432217
1.80087	1.432205
1.80815	1.432194
1.81546	1.432182
1.8228	1.43217
1.83017	1.432159
1.83756	1.432147
1.84499	1.432136
1.85245	1.432124
1.85993	1.432113
1.86745	1.432102
1.875	1.432091
1.88258	1.43208
1.89019	1.432069
1.89783	1.432058
1.9055	1.432048
1.9132	1.432037
1.92093	1.432027
1.9287	1.432016
1.93649	1.432006
1.94432	1.431996
1.95218	1.431986
1.96007	1.431975
1.96799	1.431965
1.97594	1.431956
1.98393	1.431946
1.99195	1.431936
2	1.431926

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

CHCl₃ (Chloroform): all datasets

About CHCl3 (Chloroform)

Chloroform (CHCl₃) is a volatile, colorless, and sweet-smelling organic compound. Historically, it was used as an anesthetic; however, due to its potential health hazards and the development of safer alternatives, its use in this capacity has been discontinued. In modern applications, chloroform is predominantly used as a solvent in laboratories and in the production of the refrigerant freon. It is also a precursor in the manufacture of hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC) refrigerants. When exposed to light and air, chloroform can undergo a reaction to produce phosgene, a highly toxic compound. Thus, commercial chloroform bottles typically contain stabilizers to prevent this reaction.

More about CHCl3 (Chloroform) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/organic/CHCl3 - chloroform/nk/Chang.yml
ID: ds_b5acab55a749
API: /v1/datasets/ds_b5acab55a749

Plot