Optical constants

Refractive index of C₆H₁₂ (Cyclohexane)

Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm

Data: formula 1
Range: 0.4–2 µm
Temperature: 295 K
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.42543
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 2.03186
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: 62.463
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.0349929 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.446
Group velocity dispersion: 65.2539 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -355.995 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# C6H12 (Cyclohexane): Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm
c6h12 = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("organic", "cyclohexane", "Chang", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(c6h12.range_nm)  # (400, 2000) nm
eps = c6h12.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_21fb4f769ced/lightsmith"
c6h12 = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(c6h12.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (cyclohexane/chang-2024).

# ... load c6h12 as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=c6h12)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_21fb4f769ced/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
c6h12_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))

A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Sellmeier (formula 1), λ in µm

n^{2} - 1 = \frac{1.004 λ^{2}}{λ^{2} - {0.0971}^{2}} + \frac{0.0108 λ^{2}}{λ^{2} - {3.45}^{2}}

Valid from 0.4 to 2.0 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	0.0
C2	1.004
C3	0.0971
C4	0.0108
C5	3.45

Comments and conditions

21.5–22.0 °C.

Conditions

temperature: 295 K

References

H.-J. Chang, N. Munera, C. Lopez-Zelaya, D. Banerjee, G. Beadie, E. W. Van Stryland, D. J. Hagan. Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry. Opt. Mater. Express 14, 1253–1267 (2024)

doi:10.1364/ome.519907 Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry, Optical Materials Express (2024)

Cite

Hao-Jung Chang et al.. Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry. Optical Materials Express, 14, 1253 (2024), doi:10.1364/ome.519907; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

C6H12 (Cyclohexane), Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.4	1.437609
0.401617	1.437422
0.40324	1.437237
0.40487	1.437053
0.406506	1.436871
0.408149	1.436691
0.409799	1.436512
0.411455	1.436334
0.413118	1.436159
0.414788	1.435984
0.416465	1.435812
0.418148	1.435641
0.419838	1.435471
0.421535	1.435303
0.423239	1.435136
0.424949	1.434971
0.426667	1.434807
0.428391	1.434645
0.430123	1.434484
0.431861	1.434324
0.433607	1.434166
0.435359	1.434009
0.437119	1.433854
0.438886	1.4337
0.44066	1.433547
0.442441	1.433396
0.444229	1.433246
0.446024	1.433097
0.447827	1.43295
0.449637	1.432803
0.451455	1.432658
0.453279	1.432515
0.455111	1.432372
0.456951	1.432231
0.458798	1.432091
0.460652	1.431952
0.462514	1.431815
0.464383	1.431678
0.46626	1.431543
0.468145	1.431409
0.470037	1.431276
0.471937	1.431144
0.473844	1.431014
0.47576	1.430884
0.477683	1.430756
0.479613	1.430628
0.481552	1.430502
0.483498	1.430377
0.485452	1.430253
0.487414	1.43013
0.489385	1.430008
0.491363	1.429887
0.493349	1.429767
0.495343	1.429648
0.497345	1.42953
0.499355	1.429414
0.501373	1.429298
0.5034	1.429183
0.505434	1.429069
0.507477	1.428956
0.509528	1.428844
0.511588	1.428733
0.513655	1.428623
0.515732	1.428514
0.517816	1.428405
0.519909	1.428298
0.52201	1.428191
0.52412	1.428086
0.526239	1.427981
0.528366	1.427877
0.530501	1.427774
0.532645	1.427672
0.534798	1.427571
0.53696	1.427471
0.53913	1.427371
0.541309	1.427273
0.543497	1.427175
0.545694	1.427078
0.547899	1.426982
0.550114	1.426886
0.552337	1.426792
0.55457	1.426698
0.556811	1.426605
0.559062	1.426512
0.561321	1.426421
0.56359	1.42633
0.565868	1.42624
0.568155	1.426151
0.570452	1.426062
0.572757	1.425975
0.575072	1.425887
0.577397	1.425801
0.57973	1.425716
0.582073	1.425631
0.584426	1.425546
0.586788	1.425463
0.58916	1.42538
0.591541	1.425298
0.593932	1.425216
0.596333	1.425136
0.598743	1.425055
0.601163	1.424976
0.603593	1.424897
0.606032	1.424819
0.608482	1.424741
0.610941	1.424665
0.613411	1.424588
0.61589	1.424513
0.618379	1.424438
0.620879	1.424363
0.623388	1.424289
0.625908	1.424216
0.628438	1.424143
0.630978	1.424071
0.633528	1.424
0.636088	1.423929
0.638659	1.423859
0.641241	1.423789
0.643833	1.42372
0.646435	1.423651
0.649048	1.423583
0.651671	1.423516
0.654305	1.423449
0.656949	1.423382
0.659605	1.423316
0.662271	1.423251
0.664948	1.423186
0.667635	1.423122
0.670334	1.423058
0.673043	1.422995
0.675763	1.422932
0.678495	1.42287
0.681237	1.422808
0.68399	1.422747
0.686755	1.422686
0.689531	1.422625
0.692318	1.422566
0.695116	1.422506
0.697925	1.422447
0.700746	1.422389
0.703579	1.422331
0.706422	1.422273
0.709278	1.422216
0.712144	1.42216
0.715023	1.422104
0.717913	1.422048
0.720814	1.421993
0.723728	1.421938
0.726653	1.421883
0.72959	1.421829
0.732539	1.421776
0.7355	1.421723
0.738472	1.42167
0.741457	1.421617
0.744454	1.421566
0.747463	1.421514
0.750484	1.421463
0.753517	1.421412
0.756563	1.421362
0.759621	1.421312
0.762691	1.421262
0.765774	1.421213
0.768869	1.421164
0.771977	1.421116
0.775097	1.421068
0.77823	1.42102
0.781375	1.420973
0.784533	1.420926
0.787704	1.420879
0.790888	1.420833
0.794085	1.420787
0.797294	1.420741
0.800517	1.420696
0.803752	1.420651
0.807001	1.420607
0.810263	1.420563
0.813538	1.420519
0.816826	1.420475
0.820127	1.420432
0.823442	1.420389
0.82677	1.420346
0.830112	1.420304
0.833467	1.420262
0.836836	1.420221
0.840218	1.420179
0.843614	1.420138
0.847024	1.420098
0.850447	1.420057
0.853885	1.420017
0.857336	1.419977
0.860801	1.419938
0.86428	1.419898
0.867774	1.419859
0.871281	1.419821
0.874803	1.419782
0.878338	1.419744
0.881888	1.419706
0.885453	1.419669
0.889032	1.419631
0.892625	1.419594
0.896233	1.419557
0.899855	1.419521
0.903492	1.419485
0.907144	1.419449
0.910811	1.419413
0.914492	1.419377
0.918188	1.419342
0.921899	1.419307
0.925626	1.419272
0.929367	1.419238
0.933123	1.419203
0.936895	1.419169
0.940681	1.419135
0.944483	1.419102
0.948301	1.419068
0.952134	1.419035
0.955982	1.419002
0.959846	1.41897
0.963726	1.418937
0.967621	1.418905
0.971532	1.418873
0.975458	1.418841
0.979401	1.418809
0.98336	1.418778
0.987334	1.418747
0.991325	1.418716
0.995332	1.418685
0.999355	1.418654
1.00339	1.418624
1.00745	1.418593
1.01152	1.418563
1.01561	1.418534
1.01971	1.418504
1.02384	1.418474
1.02797	1.418445
1.03213	1.418416
1.0363	1.418387
1.04049	1.418358
1.04469	1.41833
1.04892	1.418301
1.05316	1.418273
1.05741	1.418245
1.06169	1.418217
1.06598	1.418189
1.07029	1.418162
1.07461	1.418134
1.07896	1.418107
1.08332	1.41808
1.0877	1.418053
1.09209	1.418026
1.09651	1.417999
1.10094	1.417973
1.10539	1.417946
1.10986	1.41792
1.11434	1.417894
1.11885	1.417868
1.12337	1.417842
1.12791	1.417817
1.13247	1.417791
1.13704	1.417766
1.14164	1.41774
1.14625	1.417715
1.15089	1.41769
1.15554	1.417665
1.16021	1.417641
1.1649	1.417616
1.16961	1.417591
1.17433	1.417567
1.17908	1.417543
1.18385	1.417518
1.18863	1.417494
1.19344	1.41747
1.19826	1.417447
1.2031	1.417423
1.20797	1.417399
1.21285	1.417376
1.21775	1.417352
1.22267	1.417329
1.22761	1.417306
1.23258	1.417282
1.23756	1.417259
1.24256	1.417236
1.24758	1.417214
1.25262	1.417191
1.25769	1.417168
1.26277	1.417145
1.26787	1.417123
1.273	1.4171
1.27814	1.417078
1.28331	1.417056
1.2885	1.417033
1.2937	1.417011
1.29893	1.416989
1.30418	1.416967
1.30945	1.416945
1.31475	1.416923
1.32006	1.416901
1.3254	1.41688
1.33075	1.416858
1.33613	1.416836
1.34153	1.416815
1.34696	1.416793
1.3524	1.416772
1.35787	1.41675
1.36335	1.416729
1.36886	1.416707
1.3744	1.416686
1.37995	1.416665
1.38553	1.416643
1.39113	1.416622
1.39675	1.416601
1.4024	1.41658
1.40807	1.416559
1.41376	1.416538
1.41947	1.416517
1.42521	1.416496
1.43097	1.416475
1.43675	1.416454
1.44256	1.416433
1.44839	1.416412
1.45424	1.416391
1.46012	1.41637
1.46602	1.416349
1.47195	1.416328
1.4779	1.416307
1.48387	1.416286
1.48987	1.416265
1.49589	1.416244
1.50194	1.416223
1.50801	1.416202
1.5141	1.416181
1.52022	1.41616
1.52637	1.416139
1.53254	1.416119
1.53873	1.416098
1.54495	1.416076
1.55119	1.416055
1.55746	1.416034
1.56376	1.416013
1.57008	1.415992
1.57643	1.415971
1.5828	1.41595
1.58919	1.415928
1.59562	1.415907
1.60207	1.415886
1.60854	1.415864
1.61504	1.415843
1.62157	1.415821
1.62813	1.4158
1.63471	1.415778
1.64131	1.415757
1.64795	1.415735
1.65461	1.415713
1.6613	1.415691
1.66801	1.415669
1.67475	1.415647
1.68152	1.415625
1.68832	1.415603
1.69514	1.41558
1.70199	1.415558
1.70887	1.415536
1.71578	1.415513
1.72271	1.41549
1.72968	1.415467
1.73667	1.415444
1.74369	1.415421
1.75074	1.415398
1.75781	1.415375
1.76492	1.415352
1.77205	1.415328
1.77921	1.415304
1.7864	1.41528
1.79362	1.415256
1.80087	1.415232
1.80815	1.415208
1.81546	1.415184
1.8228	1.415159
1.83017	1.415134
1.83756	1.415109
1.84499	1.415084
1.85245	1.415059
1.85993	1.415033
1.86745	1.415007
1.875	1.414982
1.88258	1.414955
1.89019	1.414929
1.89783	1.414902
1.9055	1.414876
1.9132	1.414849
1.92093	1.414821
1.9287	1.414794
1.93649	1.414766
1.94432	1.414738
1.95218	1.41471
1.96007	1.414681
1.96799	1.414652
1.97594	1.414623
1.98393	1.414594
1.99195	1.414564
2	1.414534

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

C₆H₁₂ (Cyclohexane): all datasets

About C6H12 (Cyclohexane)

Hexane (C₆H₁₄) is an alkane hydrocarbon with a straight chain of six carbon atoms. It appears as a colorless liquid that has a mild, gasoline-like odor. Volatile and highly flammable, hexane is often utilized as a solvent in laboratories due to its capability to dissolve non-polar substances. In the industrial realm, hexane is frequently used in the extraction of vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans. Its low polarity makes it ineffective for dissolving polar compounds but efficient for non-polar molecules. In optics, hexane can serve as a medium in certain experimental setups, benefiting from its defined refractive properties.

More about C6H12 (Cyclohexane) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/organic/C6H12 - cyclohexane/nk/Chang.yml
ID: ds_21fb4f769ced
API: /v1/datasets/ds_21fb4f769ced

Plot