Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.56151
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 2.43831
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.0745224 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.6053
Group velocity dispersion: 137.414 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -749.664 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# MLC-6241-000: Li et al. 2005: n(e) 0.450–0.656 µm
mlc_6241_000 = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("other", "MLC-6241-000", "Li-e", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(mlc_6241_000.range_nm)  # (450, 656) nm
eps = mlc_6241_000.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_6f2a145d4cb2/lightsmith"
mlc_6241_000 = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(mlc_6241_000.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (mlc-6241-000/li-2005-e).

# ... load mlc_6241_000 as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=mlc_6241_000)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=450, stop_nm=656, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Cauchy (formula 5), λ in µm

n = 1.5397 + 0.0075 λ^{- 2.0} + 1.03 \times 10^{-5} λ^{- 4.0}

Valid from 0.45 to 0.656 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	1.5397
C2	0.0075
C3	-2.0
C4	1.03e-05
C5	-4.0

Comments and conditions

25 °C. Extraordinary ray (e)

Conditions

temperature: 298 K
direction: e

References

J. Li, C. H. Wen, S. Gauza, R. Lu, S. T. Wu. Refractive indices of liquid crystals for display applications. J. Disp. Technol. 1, 51-61, 2005

doi:10.1109/jdt.2005.853357 Refractive Indices of Liquid Crystals for Display Applications, Journal of Display Technology (2005)

Cite

J. Li, C.-H. Wen, S. Gauza, R. Lu and S.-T. Wu. Refractive Indices of Liquid Crystals for Display Applications. Journal of Display Technology, 1, 51-61 (2005), doi:10.1109/jdt.2005.853357; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

MLC-6241-000, Li et al. 2005: n(e) 0.450–0.656 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.45	1.576988
0.450425	1.576917
0.450851	1.576847
0.451277	1.576776
0.451704	1.576706
0.45213	1.576635
0.452558	1.576565
0.452985	1.576495
0.453414	1.576425
0.453842	1.576355
0.454271	1.576286
0.4547	1.576216
0.45513	1.576147
0.45556	1.576078
0.455991	1.576008
0.456422	1.57594
0.456853	1.575871
0.457285	1.575802
0.457717	1.575733
0.45815	1.575665
0.458583	1.575597
0.459016	1.575528
0.45945	1.57546
0.459884	1.575392
0.460319	1.575325
0.460754	1.575257
0.461189	1.575189
0.461625	1.575122
0.462061	1.575055
0.462498	1.574988
0.462935	1.57492
0.463373	1.574854
0.463811	1.574787
0.464249	1.57472
0.464688	1.574654
0.465127	1.574587
0.465566	1.574521
0.466006	1.574455
0.466447	1.574389
0.466888	1.574323
0.467329	1.574257
0.467771	1.574192
0.468213	1.574126
0.468655	1.574061
0.469098	1.573995
0.469541	1.57393
0.469985	1.573865
0.470429	1.5738
0.470874	1.573736
0.471319	1.573671
0.471764	1.573606
0.47221	1.573542
0.472657	1.573478
0.473103	1.573414
0.47355	1.57335
0.473998	1.573286
0.474446	1.573222
0.474894	1.573158
0.475343	1.573095
0.475792	1.573031
0.476242	1.572968
0.476692	1.572905
0.477143	1.572842
0.477594	1.572779
0.478045	1.572716
0.478497	1.572653
0.478949	1.572591
0.479402	1.572528
0.479855	1.572466
0.480308	1.572404
0.480762	1.572342
0.481217	1.57228
0.481671	1.572218
0.482127	1.572156
0.482582	1.572095
0.483038	1.572033
0.483495	1.571972
0.483952	1.57191
0.484409	1.571849
0.484867	1.571788
0.485325	1.571727
0.485784	1.571667
0.486243	1.571606
0.486703	1.571545
0.487162	1.571485
0.487623	1.571424
0.488084	1.571364
0.488545	1.571304
0.489007	1.571244
0.489469	1.571184
0.489932	1.571124
0.490395	1.571065
0.490858	1.571005
0.491322	1.570946
0.491786	1.570887
0.492251	1.570827
0.492716	1.570768
0.493182	1.570709
0.493648	1.57065
0.494115	1.570592
0.494582	1.570533
0.495049	1.570475
0.495517	1.570416
0.495985	1.570358
0.496454	1.5703
0.496923	1.570242
0.497393	1.570184
0.497863	1.570126
0.498333	1.570068
0.498804	1.57001
0.499276	1.569953
0.499748	1.569895
0.50022	1.569838
0.500693	1.569781
0.501166	1.569724
0.501639	1.569667
0.502114	1.56961
0.502588	1.569553
0.503063	1.569497
0.503539	1.56944
0.504014	1.569384
0.504491	1.569327
0.504968	1.569271
0.505445	1.569215
0.505923	1.569159
0.506401	1.569103
0.506879	1.569047
0.507358	1.568992
0.507838	1.568936
0.508318	1.568881
0.508798	1.568825
0.509279	1.56877
0.50976	1.568715
0.510242	1.56866
0.510724	1.568605
0.511207	1.56855
0.51169	1.568495
0.512174	1.568441
0.512658	1.568386
0.513142	1.568332
0.513627	1.568277
0.514113	1.568223
0.514599	1.568169
0.515085	1.568115
0.515572	1.568061
0.516059	1.568007
0.516547	1.567953
0.517035	1.5679
0.517524	1.567846
0.518013	1.567793
0.518502	1.56774
0.518992	1.567686
0.519483	1.567633
0.519974	1.56758
0.520465	1.567528
0.520957	1.567475
0.521449	1.567422
0.521942	1.567369
0.522435	1.567317
0.522929	1.567265
0.523423	1.567212
0.523918	1.56716
0.524413	1.567108
0.524909	1.567056
0.525405	1.567004
0.525902	1.566952
0.526399	1.566901
0.526896	1.566849
0.527394	1.566798
0.527892	1.566746
0.528391	1.566695
0.528891	1.566644
0.529391	1.566593
0.529891	1.566542
0.530392	1.566491
0.530893	1.56644
0.531395	1.566389
0.531897	1.566338
0.5324	1.566288
0.532903	1.566238
0.533406	1.566187
0.533911	1.566137
0.534415	1.566087
0.53492	1.566037
0.535426	1.565987
0.535932	1.565937
0.536438	1.565887
0.536945	1.565838
0.537453	1.565788
0.537961	1.565739
0.538469	1.565689
0.538978	1.56564
0.539487	1.565591
0.539997	1.565542
0.540508	1.565493
0.541018	1.565444
0.54153	1.565395
0.542042	1.565346
0.542554	1.565297
0.543067	1.565249
0.54358	1.5652
0.544094	1.565152
0.544608	1.565104
0.545122	1.565056
0.545638	1.565008
0.546153	1.56496
0.546669	1.564912
0.547186	1.564864
0.547703	1.564816
0.548221	1.564769
0.548739	1.564721
0.549258	1.564674
0.549777	1.564626
0.550296	1.564579
0.550816	1.564532
0.551337	1.564485
0.551858	1.564438
0.55238	1.564391
0.552902	1.564344
0.553424	1.564297
0.553947	1.564251
0.554471	1.564204
0.554995	1.564158
0.555519	1.564111
0.556044	1.564065
0.55657	1.564019
0.557096	1.563973
0.557622	1.563927
0.558149	1.563881
0.558677	1.563835
0.559205	1.563789
0.559733	1.563744
0.560262	1.563698
0.560792	1.563652
0.561322	1.563607
0.561852	1.563562
0.562383	1.563517
0.562915	1.563471
0.563447	1.563426
0.563979	1.563381
0.564512	1.563336
0.565046	1.563292
0.56558	1.563247
0.566114	1.563202
0.566649	1.563158
0.567185	1.563113
0.567721	1.563069
0.568258	1.563025
0.568795	1.56298
0.569332	1.562936
0.56987	1.562892
0.570409	1.562848
0.570948	1.562804
0.571488	1.562761
0.572028	1.562717
0.572568	1.562673
0.573109	1.56263
0.573651	1.562586
0.574193	1.562543
0.574736	1.5625
0.575279	1.562456
0.575823	1.562413
0.576367	1.56237
0.576912	1.562327
0.577457	1.562284
0.578003	1.562242
0.578549	1.562199
0.579096	1.562156
0.579643	1.562114
0.580191	1.562071
0.580739	1.562029
0.581288	1.561986
0.581837	1.561944
0.582387	1.561902
0.582938	1.56186
0.583489	1.561818
0.58404	1.561776
0.584592	1.561734
0.585144	1.561692
0.585697	1.561651
0.586251	1.561609
0.586805	1.561568
0.58736	1.561526
0.587915	1.561485
0.58847	1.561444
0.589027	1.561402
0.589583	1.561361
0.59014	1.56132
0.590698	1.561279
0.591256	1.561238
0.591815	1.561198
0.592375	1.561157
0.592934	1.561116
0.593495	1.561076
0.594056	1.561035
0.594617	1.560995
0.595179	1.560954
0.595742	1.560914
0.596305	1.560874
0.596868	1.560834
0.597432	1.560794
0.597997	1.560754
0.598562	1.560714
0.599128	1.560674
0.599694	1.560634
0.600261	1.560595
0.600828	1.560555
0.601396	1.560515
0.601964	1.560476
0.602533	1.560437
0.603103	1.560397
0.603673	1.560358
0.604243	1.560319
0.604814	1.56028
0.605386	1.560241
0.605958	1.560202
0.606531	1.560163
0.607104	1.560124
0.607678	1.560086
0.608252	1.560047
0.608827	1.560009
0.609402	1.55997
0.609978	1.559932
0.610555	1.559893
0.611132	1.559855
0.611709	1.559817
0.612287	1.559779
0.612866	1.559741
0.613445	1.559703
0.614025	1.559665
0.614605	1.559627
0.615186	1.559589
0.615768	1.559552
0.61635	1.559514
0.616932	1.559477
0.617515	1.559439
0.618099	1.559402
0.618683	1.559364
0.619268	1.559327
0.619853	1.55929
0.620439	1.559253
0.621025	1.559216
0.621612	1.559179
0.622199	1.559142
0.622787	1.559105
0.623376	1.559068
0.623965	1.559032
0.624555	1.558995
0.625145	1.558959
0.625736	1.558922
0.626327	1.558886
0.626919	1.558849
0.627512	1.558813
0.628105	1.558777
0.628698	1.558741
0.629293	1.558705
0.629887	1.558669
0.630483	1.558633
0.631079	1.558597
0.631675	1.558561
0.632272	1.558525
0.63287	1.55849
0.633468	1.558454
0.634066	1.558419
0.634666	1.558383
0.635265	1.558348
0.635866	1.558312
0.636467	1.558277
0.637068	1.558242
0.63767	1.558207
0.638273	1.558172
0.638876	1.558137
0.63948	1.558102
0.640084	1.558067
0.640689	1.558032
0.641295	1.557998
0.641901	1.557963
0.642508	1.557928
0.643115	1.557894
0.643723	1.557859
0.644331	1.557825
0.64494	1.557791
0.645549	1.557756
0.64616	1.557722
0.64677	1.557688
0.647381	1.557654
0.647993	1.55762
0.648606	1.557586
0.649219	1.557552
0.649832	1.557518
0.650446	1.557485
0.651061	1.557451
0.651677	1.557417
0.652292	1.557384
0.652909	1.55735
0.653526	1.557317
0.654144	1.557284
0.654762	1.55725
0.655381	1.557217
0.656	1.557184

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

Plot