Optical constants

Refractive index of C₅H₅N (Pyridine)

Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm

Data: formula 1
Range: 0.4–2 µm
Temperature: 295 K
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.50772
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 2.27321
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: 32.308
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.0800852 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.55477
Group velocity dispersion: 156.284 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -852.614 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# C5H5N (Pyridine): Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm
c5h5n = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("organic", "pyridine", "Chang", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(c5h5n.range_nm)  # (400, 2000) nm
eps = c5h5n.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_b3c3b38edc0e/lightsmith"
c5h5n = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(c5h5n.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (pyridine/chang-2024).

# ... load c5h5n as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=c5h5n)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_b3c3b38edc0e/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
c5h5n_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))

A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Sellmeier (formula 1), λ in µm

n^{2} - 1 = \frac{1.206 λ^{2}}{λ^{2} - {0.135}^{2}}

Valid from 0.4 to 2.0 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	0.0
C2	1.206
C3	0.135

Comments and conditions

21.5–22.0 °C

Conditions

temperature: 295 K

References

H.-J. Chang, N. Munera, C. Lopez-Zelaya, D. Banerjee, G. Beadie, E. W. Van Stryland, D. J. Hagan. Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry. Opt. Mater. Express 14, 1253–1267 (2024)

doi:10.1364/ome.519907 Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry, Optical Materials Express (2024)

Cite

Hao-Jung Chang et al.. Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry. Optical Materials Express, 14, 1253 (2024), doi:10.1364/ome.519907; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

C5H5N (Pyridine), Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.4	1.536564
0.401617	1.536107
0.40324	1.535655
0.40487	1.535207
0.406506	1.534763
0.408149	1.534323
0.409799	1.533888
0.411455	1.533457
0.413118	1.53303
0.414788	1.532608
0.416465	1.532189
0.418148	1.531775
0.419838	1.531364
0.421535	1.530957
0.423239	1.530555
0.424949	1.530156
0.426667	1.529761
0.428391	1.52937
0.430123	1.528982
0.431861	1.528598
0.433607	1.528218
0.435359	1.527841
0.437119	1.527468
0.438886	1.527099
0.44066	1.526733
0.442441	1.526371
0.444229	1.526012
0.446024	1.525656
0.447827	1.525304
0.449637	1.524955
0.451455	1.524609
0.453279	1.524266
0.455111	1.523927
0.456951	1.523591
0.458798	1.523258
0.460652	1.522928
0.462514	1.522601
0.464383	1.522278
0.46626	1.521957
0.468145	1.521639
0.470037	1.521324
0.471937	1.521012
0.473844	1.520703
0.47576	1.520397
0.477683	1.520094
0.479613	1.519793
0.481552	1.519496
0.483498	1.519201
0.485452	1.518908
0.487414	1.518619
0.489385	1.518332
0.491363	1.518048
0.493349	1.517766
0.495343	1.517487
0.497345	1.51721
0.499355	1.516936
0.501373	1.516665
0.5034	1.516395
0.505434	1.516129
0.507477	1.515865
0.509528	1.515603
0.511588	1.515343
0.513655	1.515086
0.515732	1.514831
0.517816	1.514579
0.519909	1.514329
0.52201	1.514081
0.52412	1.513835
0.526239	1.513592
0.528366	1.513351
0.530501	1.513111
0.532645	1.512874
0.534798	1.51264
0.53696	1.512407
0.53913	1.512176
0.541309	1.511948
0.543497	1.511721
0.545694	1.511497
0.547899	1.511274
0.550114	1.511054
0.552337	1.510835
0.55457	1.510619
0.556811	1.510404
0.559062	1.510191
0.561321	1.50998
0.56359	1.509771
0.565868	1.509564
0.568155	1.509359
0.570452	1.509155
0.572757	1.508954
0.575072	1.508754
0.577397	1.508556
0.57973	1.508359
0.582073	1.508165
0.584426	1.507972
0.586788	1.50778
0.58916	1.507591
0.591541	1.507403
0.593932	1.507217
0.596333	1.507032
0.598743	1.506849
0.601163	1.506668
0.603593	1.506488
0.606032	1.50631
0.608482	1.506133
0.610941	1.505958
0.613411	1.505784
0.61589	1.505612
0.618379	1.505442
0.620879	1.505273
0.623388	1.505105
0.625908	1.504939
0.628438	1.504774
0.630978	1.504611
0.633528	1.504449
0.636088	1.504289
0.638659	1.50413
0.641241	1.503972
0.643833	1.503816
0.646435	1.503661
0.649048	1.503507
0.651671	1.503355
0.654305	1.503204
0.656949	1.503054
0.659605	1.502906
0.662271	1.502759
0.664948	1.502613
0.667635	1.502469
0.670334	1.502325
0.673043	1.502183
0.675763	1.502043
0.678495	1.501903
0.681237	1.501765
0.68399	1.501627
0.686755	1.501491
0.689531	1.501356
0.692318	1.501223
0.695116	1.50109
0.697925	1.500959
0.700746	1.500828
0.703579	1.500699
0.706422	1.500571
0.709278	1.500444
0.712144	1.500318
0.715023	1.500193
0.717913	1.50007
0.720814	1.499947
0.723728	1.499825
0.726653	1.499705
0.72959	1.499585
0.732539	1.499466
0.7355	1.499349
0.738472	1.499232
0.741457	1.499117
0.744454	1.499002
0.747463	1.498888
0.750484	1.498776
0.753517	1.498664
0.756563	1.498553
0.759621	1.498444
0.762691	1.498335
0.765774	1.498227
0.768869	1.49812
0.771977	1.498014
0.775097	1.497908
0.77823	1.497804
0.781375	1.497701
0.784533	1.497598
0.787704	1.497496
0.790888	1.497395
0.794085	1.497295
0.797294	1.497196
0.800517	1.497098
0.803752	1.497001
0.807001	1.496904
0.810263	1.496808
0.813538	1.496713
0.816826	1.496619
0.820127	1.496525
0.823442	1.496433
0.82677	1.496341
0.830112	1.49625
0.833467	1.496159
0.836836	1.49607
0.840218	1.495981
0.843614	1.495893
0.847024	1.495805
0.850447	1.495719
0.853885	1.495633
0.857336	1.495548
0.860801	1.495463
0.86428	1.49538
0.867774	1.495297
0.871281	1.495214
0.874803	1.495133
0.878338	1.495052
0.881888	1.494971
0.885453	1.494892
0.889032	1.494813
0.892625	1.494734
0.896233	1.494657
0.899855	1.49458
0.903492	1.494503
0.907144	1.494428
0.910811	1.494353
0.914492	1.494278
0.918188	1.494204
0.921899	1.494131
0.925626	1.494059
0.929367	1.493987
0.933123	1.493915
0.936895	1.493844
0.940681	1.493774
0.944483	1.493704
0.948301	1.493635
0.952134	1.493567
0.955982	1.493499
0.959846	1.493432
0.963726	1.493365
0.967621	1.493299
0.971532	1.493233
0.975458	1.493168
0.979401	1.493103
0.98336	1.493039
0.987334	1.492976
0.991325	1.492913
0.995332	1.49285
0.999355	1.492788
1.00339	1.492727
1.00745	1.492666
1.01152	1.492605
1.01561	1.492546
1.01971	1.492486
1.02384	1.492427
1.02797	1.492369
1.03213	1.492311
1.0363	1.492253
1.04049	1.492196
1.04469	1.49214
1.04892	1.492084
1.05316	1.492028
1.05741	1.491973
1.06169	1.491918
1.06598	1.491864
1.07029	1.49181
1.07461	1.491757
1.07896	1.491704
1.08332	1.491651
1.0877	1.491599
1.09209	1.491548
1.09651	1.491497
1.10094	1.491446
1.10539	1.491395
1.10986	1.491346
1.11434	1.491296
1.11885	1.491247
1.12337	1.491198
1.12791	1.49115
1.13247	1.491102
1.13704	1.491054
1.14164	1.491007
1.14625	1.490961
1.15089	1.490914
1.15554	1.490868
1.16021	1.490823
1.1649	1.490778
1.16961	1.490733
1.17433	1.490688
1.17908	1.490644
1.18385	1.4906
1.18863	1.490557
1.19344	1.490514
1.19826	1.490471
1.2031	1.490429
1.20797	1.490387
1.21285	1.490345
1.21775	1.490304
1.22267	1.490263
1.22761	1.490222
1.23258	1.490182
1.23756	1.490142
1.24256	1.490103
1.24758	1.490063
1.25262	1.490024
1.25769	1.489986
1.26277	1.489947
1.26787	1.489909
1.273	1.489872
1.27814	1.489834
1.28331	1.489797
1.2885	1.48976
1.2937	1.489724
1.29893	1.489688
1.30418	1.489652
1.30945	1.489616
1.31475	1.489581
1.32006	1.489546
1.3254	1.489511
1.33075	1.489477
1.33613	1.489442
1.34153	1.489408
1.34696	1.489375
1.3524	1.489342
1.35787	1.489308
1.36335	1.489276
1.36886	1.489243
1.3744	1.489211
1.37995	1.489179
1.38553	1.489147
1.39113	1.489116
1.39675	1.489084
1.4024	1.489053
1.40807	1.489023
1.41376	1.488992
1.41947	1.488962
1.42521	1.488932
1.43097	1.488902
1.43675	1.488873
1.44256	1.488844
1.44839	1.488815
1.45424	1.488786
1.46012	1.488757
1.46602	1.488729
1.47195	1.488701
1.4779	1.488673
1.48387	1.488645
1.48987	1.488618
1.49589	1.488591
1.50194	1.488564
1.50801	1.488537
1.5141	1.488511
1.52022	1.488484
1.52637	1.488458
1.53254	1.488433
1.53873	1.488407
1.54495	1.488381
1.55119	1.488356
1.55746	1.488331
1.56376	1.488306
1.57008	1.488282
1.57643	1.488257
1.5828	1.488233
1.58919	1.488209
1.59562	1.488185
1.60207	1.488162
1.60854	1.488138
1.61504	1.488115
1.62157	1.488092
1.62813	1.488069
1.63471	1.488046
1.64131	1.488024
1.64795	1.488001
1.65461	1.487979
1.6613	1.487957
1.66801	1.487935
1.67475	1.487914
1.68152	1.487892
1.68832	1.487871
1.69514	1.48785
1.70199	1.487829
1.70887	1.487808
1.71578	1.487788
1.72271	1.487767
1.72968	1.487747
1.73667	1.487727
1.74369	1.487707
1.75074	1.487687
1.75781	1.487668
1.76492	1.487648
1.77205	1.487629
1.77921	1.48761
1.7864	1.487591
1.79362	1.487572
1.80087	1.487554
1.80815	1.487535
1.81546	1.487517
1.8228	1.487498
1.83017	1.48748
1.83756	1.487462
1.84499	1.487445
1.85245	1.487427
1.85993	1.48741
1.86745	1.487392
1.875	1.487375
1.88258	1.487358
1.89019	1.487341
1.89783	1.487324
1.9055	1.487308
1.9132	1.487291
1.92093	1.487275
1.9287	1.487258
1.93649	1.487242
1.94432	1.487226
1.95218	1.48721
1.96007	1.487195
1.96799	1.487179
1.97594	1.487164
1.98393	1.487148
1.99195	1.487133
2	1.487118

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

C₅H₅N (Pyridine): all datasets

Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm n 0.4–2 µm default

About C5H5N (Pyridine)

Pyridine (C₅H₅N) is an organic compound featuring a heterocyclic ring structure containing one nitrogen atom. It appears as a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a distinctive, pungent odor often compared to fish. Pyridine is widely utilized as a solvent and reagent in organic synthesis, particularly in the manufacture of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and vitamins. Additionally, its electrical conductivity and coordination properties make it valuable in electrochemistry and as a precursor in the synthesis of many agrochemicals and dyes. In terms of optics, pyridine's specific refractive index properties may be exploited in various applications. Due to its toxicity and unpleasant odor, careful handling and adequate ventilation are essential when working with pyridine.

More about C5H5N (Pyridine) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/organic/C5H5N - pyridine/nk/Chang.yml
ID: ds_b3c3b38edc0e
API: /v1/datasets/ds_b3c3b38edc0e

Plot