Optical constants

Refractive index of TiN (Titanium nitride)

Pflüger et al. 1984: n,k 0.031–2.48 µm

Data: tabulated nk
Range: 0.03107–2.48 µm
Points: 50
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.28874
Extinction coefficient k: 2.4191

Permittivity ε₁: -4.19117
Permittivity ε₂: 6.23518

Absorption coefficient α: 517346 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): 38.6588 nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: 0.967742 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 0.720097
Group velocity dispersion: — fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: — ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# TiN (Titanium nitride): Pflüger et al. 1984: n,k 0.031–2.48 µm
tin = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "TiN", "Pfluger", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(tin.range_nm)  # (31.07, 2479.7) nm
eps = tin.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_989afc0f27dd/lightsmith"
tin = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(tin.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (tin/pfluger-1984).

# ... load tin as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=tin)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

TiN_1.0 film on Mo substratre. Room temperature.

Conditions

substrate: Mo

References

1) J. Pflüger, J. Fink. Determination of optical constants by high-energy, electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), in Handbook of optical constants of solids II, Edward D. Palik, ed. Academic Press, 1991. pp. 293-310
2) J. Pflüger, J. Fink, W. Weber, K. P. Bohnen, G. Crecelius. Dielectric properties of TiC_x, TiN_x, VC_x, and VN_x from 1.5 to 40 eV determined by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. B 30, 1155-1163 (1984)

doi:10.1103/physrevb.30.1155 Dielectric properties of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiC</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiN</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">VC</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">VN</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> from 1.5 to 40 eV determined by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy, Physical Review B (1984)

Cite

J. Pflüger, J. Fink, W. Weber, K. P. Bohnen and G. Crecelius. Dielectric properties of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiC</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiN</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">VC</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">VN</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> from 1.5 to 40 eV determined by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. Physical Review B, 30, 1155-1163 (1984), doi:10.1103/physrevb.30.1155; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

50 rows as published

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

TiN (Titanium nitride), Pflüger et al. 1984: n,k 0.031–2.48 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n	k
0.03107	0.84	0.0505
0.03179	0.831	0.0649
0.03263	0.834	0.0731
0.03351	0.831	0.0703
0.03444	0.815	0.0707
0.03542	0.801	0.0739
0.03646	0.781	0.0767
0.03757	0.76	0.0863
0.03874	0.737	0.102
0.03999	0.715	0.124
0.04133	0.698	0.148
0.04275	0.681	0.172
0.04428	0.658	0.2
0.04592	0.633	0.231
0.04768	0.602	0.278
0.04959	0.583	0.348
0.05166	0.589	0.431
0.0539	0.628	0.497
0.05635	0.667	0.545
0.05904	0.702	0.587
0.06199	0.749	0.622
0.06525	0.793	0.627
0.06888	0.811	0.628
0.07293	0.791	0.634
0.07749	0.747	0.689
0.08265	0.759	0.795
0.08856	0.793	0.874
0.09537	0.86	0.948
0.1033	0.855	0.976
0.1127	0.823	1.17
0.124	1.0	1.38
0.1305	1.09	1.43
0.1378	1.19	1.49
0.1459	1.28	1.49
0.155	1.38	1.53
0.1653	1.46	1.58
0.1771	1.55	1.64
0.1907	1.69	1.66
0.2066	1.85	1.71
0.2254	2.06	1.64
0.248	2.25	1.54
0.2755	2.31	1.38
0.31	2.27	1.23
0.3542	2.14	1.06
0.4133	1.74	1.04
0.4959	1.2	1.65
0.6199	1.32	2.69
0.8266	1.82	3.81
1.2399	2.69	5.04
2.4797	4.52	8.25

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

TiN (Titanium nitride): all datasets

About TiN (Titanium nitride)

Titanium nitride (TiN) is a hard ceramic material characterized by its golden appearance. Due to its high hardness and resistance to wear, TiN is commonly used as a coating on tools, such as drill bits and end mills, to extend their life and improve their performance. The coating also exhibits a low coefficient of friction, which reduces galling and seizing. Moreover, its corrosion resistance makes it suitable for biomedical applications, such as coatings on surgical instruments and orthopedic implants. In electronics, TiN serves as a barrier layer between metals in integrated circuits. It's typically deposited using physical vapor deposition (PVD) or chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques. Additionally, its metallic luster and gold hue make it a popular decorative coating for architectural and consumer products.

More about TiN (Titanium nitride) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/main/TiN/nk/Pfluger.yml
ID: ds_989afc0f27dd
API: /v1/datasets/ds_989afc0f27dd

Plot