Optical constants

Refractive index of VN (Vanadium nitride)

Pflüger et al. 1984: n,k 0.031–2.48 µm

Data: tabulated nk
Range: 0.03107–2.48 µm
Points: 52
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 2.30311
Extinction coefficient k: 2.34236

Permittivity ε₁: -0.182335
Permittivity ε₂: 10.7895

Absorption coefficient α: 500936 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): 39.9253 nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: 1.45161 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.45015
Group velocity dispersion: — fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: — ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# VN (Vanadium nitride): Pflüger et al. 1984: n,k 0.031–2.48 µm
vn = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "VN", "Pfluger", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(vn.range_nm)  # (31.07, 2479.7) nm
eps = vn.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_19912ab35f26/lightsmith"
vn = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(vn.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (vn/pfluger-1984).

# ... load vn as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=vn)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

VN_1.0. Room temperature.

References

1) J. Pflüger, J. Fink. Determination of optical constants by high-energy, electron-energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS), in Handbook of optical constants of solids II, Edward D. Palik, ed. Academic Press, 1991. pp. 293-310
2) J. Pflüger, J. Fink, W. Weber, K. P. Bohnen, G. Crecelius. Dielectric properties of TiC_x, TiN_x, VC_x, and VN_x from 1.5 to 40 eV determined by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. Phys. Rev. B 30, 1155-1163 (1984)

doi:10.1103/physrevb.30.1155 Dielectric properties of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiC</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiN</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">VC</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">VN</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> from 1.5 to 40 eV determined by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy, Physical Review B (1984)

Cite

J. Pflüger, J. Fink, W. Weber, K. P. Bohnen and G. Crecelius. Dielectric properties of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiC</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">TiN</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">VC</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> , and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi mathvariant="normal">VN</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>x</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> from 1.5 to 40 eV determined by electron-energy-loss spectroscopy. Physical Review B, 30, 1155-1163 (1984), doi:10.1103/physrevb.30.1155; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

52 rows as published

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

VN (Vanadium nitride), Pflüger et al. 1984: n,k 0.031–2.48 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n	k
0.03107	0.833	0.0671
0.03179	0.823	0.0649
0.03263	0.805	0.0722
0.03351	0.788	0.079
0.03444	0.772	0.0926
0.03542	0.758	0.106
0.03646	0.741	0.122
0.03757	0.727	0.14
0.03874	0.712	0.162
0.03999	0.696	0.186
0.04133	0.683	0.209
0.04275	0.665	0.235
0.04428	0.644	0.27
0.04592	0.628	0.318
0.04768	0.619	0.381
0.04959	0.634	0.443
0.05166	0.663	0.495
0.0539	0.695	0.53
0.05635	0.714	0.56
0.05904	0.736	0.598
0.06199	0.759	0.635
0.06525	0.782	0.667
0.06888	0.797	0.691
0.07293	0.803	0.734
0.07749	0.829	0.806
0.08265	0.873	0.865
0.08856	0.922	0.902
0.09537	0.973	0.924
0.1033	0.931	0.946
0.1078	0.903	1.0
0.1127	0.896	1.1
0.1181	0.922	1.2
0.124	0.982	1.31
0.1305	1.07	1.39
0.1378	1.17	1.46
0.1459	1.25	1.51
0.155	1.36	1.57
0.1653	1.46	1.6
0.1771	1.56	1.65
0.1907	1.66	1.68
0.2066	1.82	1.74
0.2254	1.98	1.7
0.248	2.1	1.64
0.2755	2.19	1.56
0.31	2.2	1.54
0.3542	2.18	1.58
0.4133	2.13	1.7
0.4959	2.17	1.98
0.6199	2.35	2.47
0.8266	2.73	2.92
1.2399	3.19	3.66
2.4797	4.23	6.13

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

VN (Vanadium nitride): all datasets

Pflüger et al. 1984: n,k 0.031–2.48 µm n,k 0.03107–2.48 µm default

About VN (Vanadium nitride)

Vanadium nitride (VN) is a compound of vanadium and nitrogen, possessing properties that make it desirable in various industrial applications. It exhibits a combination of hardness and electrical conductivity. As a result, it's often used as a wear-resistant coating to extend the lifespan of tools and machining components. Due to its electrical conductivity, it can also be found in microelectronics as a barrier layer. Additionally, in the field of metallurgy, VN is used as an additive to steel to refine grain size and consequently, improve the mechanical properties of the steel. Its thin films are of interest in the electronics industry for their potential applications in resistive random-access memory devices.

More about VN (Vanadium nitride) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/main/VN/nk/Pfluger.yml
ID: ds_19912ab35f26
API: /v1/datasets/ds_19912ab35f26

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