Optical constants

Refractive index of WO3 (Tungsten trioxide)

Kulikova et al. 2020: n,k 0.3–1.0 µm

Data: tabulated nk
Range: 0.3–1 µm
Points: 351
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.98658
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 3.94648
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.24 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 2.1276
Group velocity dispersion: — fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: — ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# WO3 (Tungsten trioxide): Kulikova et al. 2020: n,k 0.3–1.0 µm
wo3 = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "WO3", "Kulikova", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(wo3.range_nm)  # (300, 1000) nm
eps = wo3.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_61c21efd2a4c/lightsmith"
wo3 = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(wo3.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (wo3/kulikova-2020).

# ... load wo3 as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=wo3)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

81 nm-thick WO₃ film deposited directly on SiO₂ substrate

Conditions

film thickness: 81e-9
substrate: SiO2

References

D.P. Kulikova, A.A. Dobronosova, V.V. Kornienko, I.A. Nechepurenko, A.S. Baburin, E.V. Sergeev, E.S. Lotkov, I.A. Rodionov, A.V. Baryshev, A.V. Dorofeenko. Optical properties of tungsten trioxide, palladium, and platinum thin films for functional nanostructures engineering. Opt. Express 28, 32049-32060 (2020) (Numerical data kindly provided by Alexander Dorofeenko)

doi:10.1364/oe.405403 Optical properties of tungsten trioxide, palladium, and platinum thin films for functional nanostructures engineering, Optics Express (2020)

Cite

Daria P. Kulikova et al.. Optical properties of tungsten trioxide, palladium, and platinum thin films for functional nanostructures engineering. Optics Express, 28, 32049 (2020), doi:10.1364/oe.405403; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

351 rows as published

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

WO3 (Tungsten trioxide), Kulikova et al. 2020: n,k 0.3–1.0 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n	k
0.3	2.4876	0.346607
0.302	2.48235	0.321421
0.304	2.47602	0.297455
0.306	2.46875	0.274723
0.308	2.46068	0.253221
0.31	2.45192	0.232935
0.312	2.4426	0.213843
0.314	2.43282	0.195912
0.316	2.42268	0.179108
0.318	2.41225	0.163387
0.32	2.40161	0.148708
0.322	2.39083	0.135024
0.324	2.37996	0.12229
0.326	2.36906	0.110458
0.328	2.35817	0.0994824
0.33	2.34734	0.0893187
0.332	2.33658	0.0799226
0.334	2.32593	0.0712517
0.336	2.31542	0.0632654
0.338	2.30507	0.0559246
0.34	2.29489	0.0491922
0.342	2.2849	0.0430331
0.344	2.27511	0.0374137
0.346	2.26553	0.0323025
0.348	2.25617	0.0276698
0.35	2.24704	0.0234875
0.352	2.23814	0.0197293
0.354	2.22948	0.0163704
0.356	2.22107	0.0133874
0.358	2.21289	0.0107586
0.36	2.20497	0.00846351
0.362	2.1973	0.00648282
0.364	2.18989	0.00479855
0.366	2.18273	0.00339379
0.368	2.17584	0.00225267
0.37	2.16922	0.00136034
0.372	2.16287	0.000702806
0.374	2.15681	0.000266965
0.376	2.15106	4.04785e-05
0.378	2.14567	0.0
0.38	2.14067	0.0
0.382	2.13595	0.0
0.384	2.13147	0.0
0.386	2.12721	0.0
0.388	2.12313	0.0
0.39	2.11922	0.0
0.392	2.11548	0.0
0.394	2.11188	0.0
0.396	2.10841	0.0
0.398	2.10508	0.0
0.4	2.10186	0.0
0.402	2.09876	0.0
0.404	2.09576	0.0
0.406	2.09286	0.0
0.408	2.09005	0.0
0.41	2.08733	0.0
0.412	2.0847	0.0
0.414	2.08214	0.0
0.416	2.07967	0.0
0.418	2.07726	0.0
0.42	2.07493	0.0
0.422	2.07266	0.0
0.424	2.07045	0.0
0.426	2.0683	0.0
0.428	2.06621	0.0
0.43	2.06418	0.0
0.432	2.0622	0.0
0.434	2.06027	0.0
0.436	2.05839	0.0
0.438	2.05656	0.0
0.44	2.05477	0.0
0.442	2.05303	0.0
0.444	2.05132	0.0
0.446	2.04966	0.0
0.448	2.04804	0.0
0.45	2.04645	0.0
0.452	2.0449	0.0
0.454	2.04339	0.0
0.456	2.04191	0.0
0.458	2.04046	0.0
0.46	2.03904	0.0
0.462	2.03766	0.0
0.464	2.0363	0.0
0.466	2.03498	0.0
0.468	2.03368	0.0
0.47	2.03241	0.0
0.472	2.03116	0.0
0.474	2.02994	0.0
0.476	2.02874	0.0
0.478	2.02757	0.0
0.48	2.02642	0.0
0.482	2.02529	0.0
0.484	2.02419	0.0
0.486	2.0231	0.0
0.488	2.02204	0.0
0.49	2.021	0.0
0.492	2.01997	0.0
0.494	2.01897	0.0
0.496	2.01798	0.0
0.498	2.01701	0.0
0.5	2.01606	0.0
0.502	2.01513	0.0
0.504	2.01421	0.0
0.506	2.01331	0.0
0.508	2.01242	0.0
0.51	2.01155	0.0
0.512	2.0107	0.0
0.514	2.00986	0.0
0.516	2.00903	0.0
0.518	2.00822	0.0
0.52	2.00742	0.0
0.522	2.00663	0.0
0.524	2.00586	0.0
0.526	2.0051	0.0
0.528	2.00435	0.0
0.53	2.00362	0.0
0.532	2.00289	0.0
0.534	2.00218	0.0
0.536	2.00148	0.0
0.538	2.00079	0.0
0.54	2.00011	0.0
0.542	1.99944	0.0
0.544	1.99878	0.0
0.546	1.99813	0.0
0.548	1.99749	0.0
0.55	1.99686	0.0
0.552	1.99624	0.0
0.554	1.99563	0.0
0.556	1.99503	0.0
0.558	1.99443	0.0
0.56	1.99385	0.0
0.562	1.99327	0.0
0.564	1.9927	0.0
0.566	1.99214	0.0
0.568	1.99159	0.0
0.57	1.99105	0.0
0.572	1.99051	0.0
0.574	1.98998	0.0
0.576	1.98946	0.0
0.578	1.98895	0.0
0.58	1.98844	0.0
0.582	1.98794	0.0
0.584	1.98744	0.0
0.586	1.98696	0.0
0.588	1.98648	0.0
0.59	1.986	0.0
0.592	1.98553	0.0
0.594	1.98507	0.0
0.596	1.98462	0.0
0.598	1.98417	0.0
0.6	1.98372	0.0
0.602	1.98328	0.0
0.604	1.98285	0.0
0.606	1.98242	0.0
0.608	1.982	0.0
0.61	1.98159	0.0
0.612	1.98117	0.0
0.614	1.98077	0.0
0.616	1.98037	0.0
0.618	1.97997	0.0
0.62	1.97958	0.0
0.622	1.97919	0.0
0.624	1.97881	0.0
0.626	1.97843	0.0
0.628	1.97806	0.0
0.63	1.97769	0.0
0.632	1.97733	0.0
0.634	1.97697	0.0
0.636	1.97661	0.0
0.638	1.97626	0.0
0.64	1.97592	0.0
0.642	1.97557	0.0
0.644	1.97524	0.0
0.646	1.9749	0.0
0.648	1.97457	0.0
0.65	1.97424	0.0
0.652	1.97392	0.0
0.654	1.9736	0.0
0.656	1.97328	0.0
0.658	1.97297	0.0
0.66	1.97266	0.0
0.662	1.97235	0.0
0.664	1.97205	0.0
0.666	1.97175	0.0
0.668	1.97146	0.0
0.67	1.97116	0.0
0.672	1.97087	0.0
0.674	1.97059	0.0
0.676	1.9703	0.0
0.678	1.97002	0.0
0.68	1.96975	0.0
0.682	1.96947	0.0
0.684	1.9692	0.0
0.686	1.96893	0.0
0.688	1.96867	0.0
0.69	1.96841	0.0
0.692	1.96815	0.0
0.694	1.96789	0.0
0.696	1.96763	0.0
0.698	1.96738	0.0
0.7	1.96713	0.0
0.702	1.96688	0.0
0.704	1.96664	0.0
0.706	1.9664	0.0
0.708	1.96616	0.0
0.71	1.96592	0.0
0.712	1.96569	0.0
0.714	1.96545	0.0
0.716	1.96522	0.0
0.718	1.965	0.0
0.72	1.96477	0.0
0.722	1.96455	0.0
0.724	1.96433	0.0
0.726	1.96411	0.0
0.728	1.96389	0.0
0.73	1.96368	0.0
0.732	1.96346	0.0
0.734	1.96325	0.0
0.736	1.96305	0.0
0.738	1.96284	0.0
0.74	1.96263	0.0
0.742	1.96243	0.0
0.744	1.96223	0.0
0.746	1.96203	0.0
0.748	1.96183	0.0
0.75	1.96164	0.0
0.752	1.96145	0.0
0.754	1.96125	0.0
0.756	1.96106	0.0
0.758	1.96088	0.0
0.76	1.96069	0.0
0.762	1.96051	0.0
0.764	1.96032	0.0
0.766	1.96014	0.0
0.768	1.95996	0.0
0.77	1.95978	0.0
0.772	1.95961	0.0
0.774	1.95943	0.0
0.776	1.95926	0.0
0.778	1.95909	0.0
0.78	1.95892	0.0
0.782	1.95875	0.0
0.784	1.95858	0.0
0.786	1.95842	0.0
0.788	1.95825	0.0
0.79	1.95809	0.0
0.792	1.95793	0.0
0.794	1.95777	0.0
0.796	1.95761	0.0
0.798	1.95745	0.0
0.8	1.9573	0.0
0.802	1.95714	0.0
0.804	1.95699	0.0
0.806	1.95684	0.0
0.808	1.95669	0.0
0.81	1.95654	0.0
0.812	1.95639	0.0
0.814	1.95624	0.0
0.816	1.9561	0.0
0.818	1.95595	0.0
0.82	1.95581	0.0
0.822	1.95567	0.0
0.824	1.95552	0.0
0.826	1.95538	0.0
0.828	1.95525	0.0
0.83	1.95511	0.0
0.832	1.95497	0.0
0.834	1.95484	0.0
0.836	1.9547	0.0
0.838	1.95457	0.0
0.84	1.95444	0.0
0.842	1.95431	0.0
0.844	1.95418	0.0
0.846	1.95405	0.0
0.848	1.95392	0.0
0.85	1.95379	0.0
0.852	1.95367	0.0
0.854	1.95354	0.0
0.856	1.95342	0.0
0.858	1.9533	0.0
0.86	1.95317	0.0
0.862	1.95305	0.0
0.864	1.95293	0.0
0.866	1.95281	0.0
0.868	1.9527	0.0
0.87	1.95258	0.0
0.872	1.95246	0.0
0.874	1.95235	0.0
0.876	1.95223	0.0
0.878	1.95212	0.0
0.88	1.95201	0.0
0.882	1.95189	0.0
0.884	1.95178	0.0
0.886	1.95167	0.0
0.888	1.95156	0.0
0.89	1.95146	0.0
0.892	1.95135	0.0
0.894	1.95124	0.0
0.896	1.95113	0.0
0.898	1.95103	0.0
0.9	1.95092	0.0
0.902	1.95082	0.0
0.904	1.95072	0.0
0.906	1.95061	0.0
0.908	1.95051	0.0
0.91	1.95041	0.0
0.912	1.95031	0.0
0.914	1.95021	0.0
0.916	1.95011	0.0
0.918	1.95002	0.0
0.92	1.94992	0.0
0.922	1.94982	0.0
0.924	1.94973	0.0
0.926	1.94963	0.0
0.928	1.94954	0.0
0.93	1.94944	0.0
0.932	1.94935	0.0
0.934	1.94926	0.0
0.936	1.94917	0.0
0.938	1.94907	0.0
0.94	1.94898	0.0
0.942	1.94889	0.0
0.944	1.9488	0.0
0.946	1.94872	0.0
0.948	1.94863	0.0
0.95	1.94854	0.0
0.952	1.94845	0.0
0.954	1.94837	0.0
0.956	1.94828	0.0
0.958	1.9482	0.0
0.96	1.94811	0.0
0.962	1.94803	0.0
0.964	1.94795	0.0
0.966	1.94786	0.0
0.968	1.94778	0.0
0.97	1.9477	0.0
0.972	1.94762	0.0
0.974	1.94754	0.0
0.976	1.94746	0.0
0.978	1.94738	0.0
0.98	1.9473	0.0
0.982	1.94722	0.0
0.984	1.94714	0.0
0.986	1.94706	0.0
0.988	1.94699	0.0
0.99	1.94691	0.0
0.992	1.94684	0.0
0.994	1.94676	0.0
0.996	1.94669	0.0
0.998	1.94661	0.0
1.0	1.94654	0.0

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

WO3 (Tungsten trioxide): all datasets

Kulikova et al. 2020: n,k 0.3–1.0 µm n,k 0.3–1 µm default

About WO3 (Tungsten trioxide)

Tungsten trioxide (WO₃) is a compound of tungsten and oxygen that presents as a yellow, inorganic solid in its pure form. It has notable photochromic properties, meaning it can change color upon exposure to light. Due to this unique characteristic, WO₃ has been explored for use in smart windows that can modulate the amount of light they let through based on external conditions. Additionally, it's an essential material in the field of electrochromism, with potential applications in electrochromic devices like smart windows and displays. Tungsten trioxide is also used as a precursor for the synthesis of other tungsten compounds and is employed as a raw material in the production of tungsten metal. Furthermore, it plays a role in catalysis, particularly in processes that involve the oxidation of volatile organic compounds.

More about WO3 (Tungsten trioxide) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/main/WO3/nk/Kulikova.yml
ID: ds_61c21efd2a4c
API: /v1/datasets/ds_61c21efd2a4c

Plot