Optical constants

Refractive index of C₈H₁₀ (Xylene)

Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm

Data: formula 1
Range: 0.4–2 µm
Temperature: 295 K
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.49438
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 2.23318
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: 33.236
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.0758336 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.53894
Group velocity dispersion: 147.732 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -805.955 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# C8H10 (Xylene): Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm
c8h10 = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("organic", "xylene", "Chang", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(c8h10.range_nm)  # (400, 2000) nm
eps = c8h10.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_7756cd2c929b/lightsmith"
c8h10 = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(c8h10.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (xylene/chang-2024).

# ... load c8h10 as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=c8h10)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_7756cd2c929b/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
c8h10_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))

A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Sellmeier (formula 1), λ in µm

n^{2} - 1 = \frac{1.17 λ^{2}}{λ^{2} - {0.133}^{2}}

Valid from 0.4 to 2.0 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	0.0
C2	1.17
C3	0.133

Comments and conditions

p-Xylene. 21.5–22.0 °C

Conditions

temperature: 295 K

References

H.-J. Chang, N. Munera, C. Lopez-Zelaya, D. Banerjee, G. Beadie, E. W. Van Stryland, D. J. Hagan. Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry. Opt. Mater. Express 14, 1253–1267 (2024)

doi:10.1364/ome.519907 Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry, Optical Materials Express (2024)

Cite

Hao-Jung Chang et al.. Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry. Optical Materials Express, 14, 1253 (2024), doi:10.1364/ome.519907; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

C8H10 (Xylene), Chang et al. 2024: n 0.4–2.0 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.4	1.521653
0.401617	1.521222
0.40324	1.520795
0.40487	1.520372
0.406506	1.519953
0.408149	1.519538
0.409799	1.519127
0.411455	1.518721
0.413118	1.518318
0.414788	1.517919
0.416465	1.517523
0.418148	1.517132
0.419838	1.516744
0.421535	1.51636
0.423239	1.51598
0.424949	1.515603
0.426667	1.51523
0.428391	1.514861
0.430123	1.514495
0.431861	1.514132
0.433607	1.513773
0.435359	1.513417
0.437119	1.513065
0.438886	1.512716
0.44066	1.51237
0.442441	1.512028
0.444229	1.511689
0.446024	1.511352
0.447827	1.51102
0.449637	1.51069
0.451455	1.510363
0.453279	1.510039
0.455111	1.509719
0.456951	1.509401
0.458798	1.509086
0.460652	1.508775
0.462514	1.508466
0.464383	1.50816
0.46626	1.507856
0.468145	1.507556
0.470037	1.507258
0.471937	1.506964
0.473844	1.506671
0.47576	1.506382
0.477683	1.506095
0.479613	1.505811
0.481552	1.50553
0.483498	1.505251
0.485452	1.504974
0.487414	1.5047
0.489385	1.504429
0.491363	1.50416
0.493349	1.503894
0.495343	1.50363
0.497345	1.503368
0.499355	1.503109
0.501373	1.502852
0.5034	1.502597
0.505434	1.502345
0.507477	1.502095
0.509528	1.501848
0.511588	1.501602
0.513655	1.501359
0.515732	1.501118
0.517816	1.500879
0.519909	1.500642
0.52201	1.500408
0.52412	1.500175
0.526239	1.499945
0.528366	1.499717
0.530501	1.49949
0.532645	1.499266
0.534798	1.499044
0.53696	1.498824
0.53913	1.498605
0.541309	1.498389
0.543497	1.498175
0.545694	1.497962
0.547899	1.497751
0.550114	1.497543
0.552337	1.497336
0.55457	1.497131
0.556811	1.496928
0.559062	1.496726
0.561321	1.496527
0.56359	1.496329
0.565868	1.496133
0.568155	1.495938
0.570452	1.495746
0.572757	1.495555
0.575072	1.495365
0.577397	1.495178
0.57973	1.494992
0.582073	1.494808
0.584426	1.494625
0.586788	1.494444
0.58916	1.494264
0.591541	1.494086
0.593932	1.49391
0.596333	1.493735
0.598743	1.493562
0.601163	1.49339
0.603593	1.49322
0.606032	1.493051
0.608482	1.492884
0.610941	1.492718
0.613411	1.492554
0.61589	1.492391
0.618379	1.492229
0.620879	1.492069
0.623388	1.49191
0.625908	1.491753
0.628438	1.491597
0.630978	1.491442
0.633528	1.491289
0.636088	1.491137
0.638659	1.490986
0.641241	1.490837
0.643833	1.490689
0.646435	1.490542
0.649048	1.490397
0.651671	1.490252
0.654305	1.490109
0.656949	1.489968
0.659605	1.489827
0.662271	1.489688
0.664948	1.48955
0.667635	1.489413
0.670334	1.489277
0.673043	1.489142
0.675763	1.489009
0.678495	1.488877
0.681237	1.488745
0.68399	1.488615
0.686755	1.488486
0.689531	1.488359
0.692318	1.488232
0.695116	1.488106
0.697925	1.487982
0.700746	1.487858
0.703579	1.487736
0.706422	1.487614
0.709278	1.487494
0.712144	1.487375
0.715023	1.487256
0.717913	1.487139
0.720814	1.487023
0.723728	1.486908
0.726653	1.486793
0.72959	1.48668
0.732539	1.486567
0.7355	1.486456
0.738472	1.486346
0.741457	1.486236
0.744454	1.486127
0.747463	1.48602
0.750484	1.485913
0.753517	1.485807
0.756563	1.485702
0.759621	1.485598
0.762691	1.485495
0.765774	1.485392
0.768869	1.485291
0.771977	1.48519
0.775097	1.485091
0.77823	1.484992
0.781375	1.484894
0.784533	1.484796
0.787704	1.4847
0.790888	1.484604
0.794085	1.48451
0.797294	1.484416
0.800517	1.484322
0.803752	1.48423
0.807001	1.484138
0.810263	1.484047
0.813538	1.483957
0.816826	1.483868
0.820127	1.483779
0.823442	1.483691
0.82677	1.483604
0.830112	1.483518
0.833467	1.483432
0.836836	1.483347
0.840218	1.483263
0.843614	1.48318
0.847024	1.483097
0.850447	1.483015
0.853885	1.482933
0.857336	1.482852
0.860801	1.482772
0.86428	1.482693
0.867774	1.482614
0.871281	1.482536
0.874803	1.482459
0.878338	1.482382
0.881888	1.482306
0.885453	1.48223
0.889032	1.482155
0.892625	1.482081
0.896233	1.482007
0.899855	1.481934
0.903492	1.481862
0.907144	1.48179
0.910811	1.481719
0.914492	1.481648
0.918188	1.481578
0.921899	1.481509
0.925626	1.48144
0.929367	1.481372
0.933123	1.481304
0.936895	1.481237
0.940681	1.48117
0.944483	1.481104
0.948301	1.481039
0.952134	1.480974
0.955982	1.480909
0.959846	1.480846
0.963726	1.480782
0.967621	1.480719
0.971532	1.480657
0.975458	1.480595
0.979401	1.480534
0.98336	1.480473
0.987334	1.480413
0.991325	1.480353
0.995332	1.480294
0.999355	1.480235
1.00339	1.480177
1.00745	1.480119
1.01152	1.480062
1.01561	1.480005
1.01971	1.479949
1.02384	1.479893
1.02797	1.479837
1.03213	1.479782
1.0363	1.479728
1.04049	1.479674
1.04469	1.47962
1.04892	1.479567
1.05316	1.479514
1.05741	1.479462
1.06169	1.47941
1.06598	1.479358
1.07029	1.479307
1.07461	1.479257
1.07896	1.479207
1.08332	1.479157
1.0877	1.479107
1.09209	1.479059
1.09651	1.47901
1.10094	1.478962
1.10539	1.478914
1.10986	1.478867
1.11434	1.47882
1.11885	1.478773
1.12337	1.478727
1.12791	1.478681
1.13247	1.478636
1.13704	1.478591
1.14164	1.478546
1.14625	1.478501
1.15089	1.478458
1.15554	1.478414
1.16021	1.478371
1.1649	1.478328
1.16961	1.478285
1.17433	1.478243
1.17908	1.478201
1.18385	1.47816
1.18863	1.478118
1.19344	1.478078
1.19826	1.478037
1.2031	1.477997
1.20797	1.477957
1.21285	1.477918
1.21775	1.477879
1.22267	1.47784
1.22761	1.477801
1.23258	1.477763
1.23756	1.477725
1.24256	1.477687
1.24758	1.47765
1.25262	1.477613
1.25769	1.477576
1.26277	1.47754
1.26787	1.477504
1.273	1.477468
1.27814	1.477433
1.28331	1.477397
1.2885	1.477363
1.2937	1.477328
1.29893	1.477294
1.30418	1.47726
1.30945	1.477226
1.31475	1.477192
1.32006	1.477159
1.3254	1.477126
1.33075	1.477093
1.33613	1.477061
1.34153	1.477029
1.34696	1.476997
1.3524	1.476965
1.35787	1.476934
1.36335	1.476903
1.36886	1.476872
1.3744	1.476841
1.37995	1.476811
1.38553	1.476781
1.39113	1.476751
1.39675	1.476721
1.4024	1.476692
1.40807	1.476663
1.41376	1.476634
1.41947	1.476605
1.42521	1.476577
1.43097	1.476548
1.43675	1.47652
1.44256	1.476493
1.44839	1.476465
1.45424	1.476438
1.46012	1.476411
1.46602	1.476384
1.47195	1.476357
1.4779	1.476331
1.48387	1.476305
1.48987	1.476279
1.49589	1.476253
1.50194	1.476227
1.50801	1.476202
1.5141	1.476177
1.52022	1.476152
1.52637	1.476127
1.53254	1.476103
1.53873	1.476078
1.54495	1.476054
1.55119	1.47603
1.55746	1.476006
1.56376	1.475983
1.57008	1.475959
1.57643	1.475936
1.5828	1.475913
1.58919	1.47589
1.59562	1.475868
1.60207	1.475845
1.60854	1.475823
1.61504	1.475801
1.62157	1.475779
1.62813	1.475757
1.63471	1.475736
1.64131	1.475715
1.64795	1.475693
1.65461	1.475672
1.6613	1.475651
1.66801	1.475631
1.67475	1.47561
1.68152	1.47559
1.68832	1.47557
1.69514	1.47555
1.70199	1.47553
1.70887	1.47551
1.71578	1.475491
1.72271	1.475471
1.72968	1.475452
1.73667	1.475433
1.74369	1.475414
1.75074	1.475395
1.75781	1.475377
1.76492	1.475358
1.77205	1.47534
1.77921	1.475322
1.7864	1.475304
1.79362	1.475286
1.80087	1.475268
1.80815	1.475251
1.81546	1.475233
1.8228	1.475216
1.83017	1.475199
1.83756	1.475182
1.84499	1.475165
1.85245	1.475148
1.85993	1.475132
1.86745	1.475115
1.875	1.475099
1.88258	1.475083
1.89019	1.475067
1.89783	1.475051
1.9055	1.475035
1.9132	1.475019
1.92093	1.475004
1.9287	1.474988
1.93649	1.474973
1.94432	1.474958
1.95218	1.474943
1.96007	1.474928
1.96799	1.474913
1.97594	1.474898
1.98393	1.474884
1.99195	1.474869
2	1.474855

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

C₈H₁₀ (Xylene): all datasets

About C8H10 (Xylene)

Xylene (C₈H₁₀) is a volatile organic compound consisting of a benzene ring with two methyl groups (-CH₃) attached. It is typically found as a clear, colorless liquid possessing a sweet, aromatic odor reminiscent of gasoline. Xylene is primarily used as a solvent in the printing, rubber, and leather industries and is also a key ingredient in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastics and polyester fibers. In optical applications, xylene's unique refractive properties may make it useful for specific purposes. However, xylene is known to be a potent neurotoxin and exposure can lead to significant health risks, necessitating stringent safety measures during use and handling.

More about C8H10 (Xylene) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/organic/C8H10 - xylene/nk/Chang.yml
ID: ds_7756cd2c929b
API: /v1/datasets/ds_7756cd2c929b

Plot