Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 2.2274
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 4.96132
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.310259 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 2.40971
Group velocity dispersion: 631.356 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -3444.38 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# YVO4 (Yttrium orthovanadate): Birnbaum and DeShazer 1976: n(e) 0.488–3.39 µm
yvo4 = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "YVO4", "Birnbaum-e", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(yvo4.range_nm)  # (488, 3390) nm
eps = yvo4.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_73954ee2ebb9/lightsmith"
yvo4 = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(yvo4.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (yvo4/birnbaum-deshazer-1976-e).

# ... load yvo4 as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=yvo4)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=488, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_73954ee2ebb9/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
yvo4_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))

A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Sellmeier (C in µm²) (formula 2), λ in µm

n^{2} - 1 = \frac{3.593 λ^{2}}{λ^{2} - 0.032103}

Valid from 0.488 to 3.39 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	0.0
C2	3.593
C3	0.032103

Comments and conditions

Extraordinary ray (e)

Conditions

direction: e

References

1) M. Birnbaum, L. G. DeShazer. Low threshold CW Nd laser oscillator at 1060 nm study. NASA Report, Contract Number NAS 5-22387 (1976)
2) T. S. Lomheim. L. G. DeShazer. Optical-absorption intensities of trivalent neodymium in the uniaxial crystal yttrium orthovanadate. J. Appl. Phys. 49, 5517-5522 (1978)
* Ref. 2 provides a dispersion formula based on data from Ref. 1

doi:10.1063/1.324471 Optical-absorption intensities of trivalent neodymium in the uniaxial crystal yttrium orthovanadate, Journal of Applied Physics (1978)

Cite

M. Birnbaum, L. G. DeShazer. Low threshold CW Nd laser oscillator at 1060 nm study. NASA Report, Contract Number NAS 5-22387 (1976); T. S. Lomheim and L. G. DeShazer. Optical-absorption intensities of trivalent neodymium in the uniaxial crystal yttrium orthovanadate. Journal of Applied Physics, 49, 5517-5522 (1978), doi:10.1063/1.324471; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

YVO4 (Yttrium orthovanadate), Birnbaum and DeShazer 1976: n(e) 0.488–3.39 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.488	2.269983
0.490376	2.268606
0.492764	2.267246
0.495164	2.265903
0.497575	2.264576
0.499998	2.263264
0.502433	2.261968
0.50488	2.260688
0.507338	2.259423
0.509809	2.258173
0.512291	2.256937
0.514786	2.255716
0.517293	2.25451
0.519812	2.253318
0.522343	2.25214
0.524887	2.250975
0.527443	2.249824
0.530011	2.248687
0.532592	2.247563
0.535186	2.246452
0.537792	2.245354
0.540411	2.244268
0.543042	2.243195
0.545687	2.242135
0.548344	2.241087
0.551014	2.24005
0.553698	2.239026
0.556394	2.238014
0.559103	2.237013
0.561826	2.236023
0.564562	2.235045
0.567311	2.234078
0.570074	2.233122
0.57285	2.232176
0.575639	2.231242
0.578442	2.230318
0.581259	2.229405
0.58409	2.228501
0.586934	2.227608
0.589792	2.226725
0.592664	2.225852
0.59555	2.224989
0.59845	2.224136
0.601365	2.223292
0.604293	2.222457
0.607236	2.221632
0.610193	2.220816
0.613164	2.220008
0.61615	2.21921
0.619151	2.218421
0.622166	2.217641
0.625195	2.216869
0.62824	2.216106
0.631299	2.215351
0.634373	2.214604
0.637463	2.213866
0.640567	2.213135
0.643686	2.212413
0.646821	2.211699
0.64997	2.210992
0.653135	2.210294
0.656316	2.209603
0.659512	2.208919
0.662724	2.208243
0.665951	2.207574
0.669194	2.206913
0.672452	2.206258
0.675727	2.205611
0.679018	2.204971
0.682324	2.204337
0.685647	2.203711
0.688986	2.203091
0.692341	2.202478
0.695712	2.201872
0.6991	2.201272
0.702505	2.200679
0.705925	2.200092
0.709363	2.199511
0.712817	2.198936
0.716289	2.198368
0.719777	2.197806
0.723282	2.197249
0.726804	2.196699
0.730343	2.196155
0.7339	2.195616
0.737473	2.195083
0.741065	2.194556
0.744673	2.194034
0.7483	2.193518
0.751944	2.193007
0.755605	2.192502
0.759285	2.192002
0.762982	2.191508
0.766698	2.191018
0.770431	2.190534
0.774183	2.190055
0.777953	2.189581
0.781741	2.189112
0.785548	2.188648
0.789373	2.188188
0.793217	2.187734
0.79708	2.187284
0.800962	2.186839
0.804862	2.186399
0.808781	2.185964
0.81272	2.185532
0.816677	2.185106
0.820654	2.184684
0.824651	2.184266
0.828666	2.183853
0.832702	2.183444
0.836757	2.183039
0.840831	2.182638
0.844926	2.182242
0.84904	2.18185
0.853175	2.181461
0.85733	2.181077
0.861504	2.180697
0.8657	2.180321
0.869915	2.179948
0.874151	2.17958
0.878408	2.179215
0.882686	2.178854
0.886984	2.178497
0.891303	2.178144
0.895644	2.177794
0.900005	2.177447
0.904388	2.177105
0.908792	2.176766
0.913217	2.17643
0.917665	2.176098
0.922133	2.175769
0.926624	2.175444
0.931136	2.175122
0.93567	2.174803
0.940227	2.174487
0.944805	2.174175
0.949406	2.173866
0.954029	2.17356
0.958675	2.173257
0.963344	2.172958
0.968035	2.172661
0.972749	2.172367
0.977486	2.172077
0.982246	2.171789
0.987029	2.171505
0.991835	2.171223
0.996665	2.170944
1.00152	2.170668
1.0064	2.170395
1.0113	2.170124
1.01622	2.169856
1.02117	2.169591
1.02614	2.169329
1.03114	2.169069
1.03616	2.168812
1.04121	2.168558
1.04628	2.168306
1.05137	2.168057
1.05649	2.16781
1.06164	2.167566
1.06681	2.167324
1.072	2.167085
1.07722	2.166848
1.08247	2.166613
1.08774	2.166381
1.09303	2.166151
1.09836	2.165924
1.10371	2.165699
1.10908	2.165476
1.11448	2.165255
1.11991	2.165037
1.12536	2.16482
1.13084	2.164606
1.13635	2.164395
1.14188	2.164185
1.14744	2.163977
1.15303	2.163772
1.15865	2.163568
1.16429	2.163367
1.16996	2.163167
1.17565	2.16297
1.18138	2.162774
1.18713	2.162581
1.19291	2.162389
1.19872	2.162199
1.20456	2.162012
1.21043	2.161826
1.21632	2.161642
1.22224	2.16146
1.2282	2.161279
1.23418	2.161101
1.24019	2.160924
1.24623	2.160749
1.25229	2.160576
1.25839	2.160404
1.26452	2.160235
1.27068	2.160067
1.27687	2.1599
1.28308	2.159735
1.28933	2.159572
1.29561	2.159411
1.30192	2.159251
1.30826	2.159093
1.31463	2.158936
1.32103	2.158781
1.32746	2.158627
1.33393	2.158475
1.34042	2.158325
1.34695	2.158176
1.35351	2.158028
1.3601	2.157882
1.36673	2.157737
1.37338	2.157594
1.38007	2.157452
1.38679	2.157312
1.39354	2.157173
1.40033	2.157035
1.40715	2.156899
1.414	2.156764
1.42089	2.156631
1.4278	2.156498
1.43476	2.156368
1.44174	2.156238
1.44877	2.15611
1.45582	2.155983
1.46291	2.155857
1.47003	2.155732
1.47719	2.155609
1.48439	2.155487
1.49161	2.155366
1.49888	2.155246
1.50618	2.155128
1.51351	2.15501
1.52088	2.154894
1.52829	2.154779
1.53573	2.154665
1.54321	2.154552
1.55072	2.154441
1.55827	2.15433
1.56586	2.154221
1.57349	2.154112
1.58115	2.154005
1.58885	2.153899
1.59659	2.153794
1.60436	2.153689
1.61217	2.153586
1.62002	2.153484
1.62791	2.153383
1.63584	2.153283
1.64381	2.153184
1.65181	2.153086
1.65986	2.152989
1.66794	2.152892
1.67606	2.152797
1.68422	2.152703
1.69242	2.152609
1.70067	2.152517
1.70895	2.152425
1.71727	2.152335
1.72563	2.152245
1.73403	2.152156
1.74248	2.152068
1.75096	2.151981
1.75949	2.151894
1.76806	2.151809
1.77667	2.151724
1.78532	2.15164
1.79401	2.151558
1.80275	2.151475
1.81153	2.151394
1.82035	2.151313
1.82921	2.151234
1.83812	2.151155
1.84707	2.151077
1.85607	2.150999
1.86511	2.150922
1.87419	2.150847
1.88332	2.150771
1.89249	2.150697
1.9017	2.150623
1.91096	2.15055
1.92027	2.150478
1.92962	2.150406
1.93902	2.150336
1.94846	2.150265
1.95795	2.150196
1.96748	2.150127
1.97706	2.150059
1.98669	2.149992
1.99636	2.149925
2.00609	2.149859
2.01585	2.149793
2.02567	2.149728
2.03554	2.149664
2.04545	2.149601
2.05541	2.149538
2.06542	2.149475
2.07548	2.149414
2.08558	2.149352
2.09574	2.149292
2.10594	2.149232
2.1162	2.149173
2.1265	2.149114
2.13686	2.149056
2.14726	2.148998
2.15772	2.148941
2.16823	2.148884
2.17879	2.148828
2.1894	2.148773
2.20006	2.148718
2.21077	2.148664
2.22154	2.14861
2.23236	2.148557
2.24323	2.148504
2.25415	2.148452
2.26513	2.1484
2.27616	2.148349
2.28724	2.148298
2.29838	2.148248
2.30957	2.148198
2.32082	2.148149
2.33212	2.1481
2.34348	2.148052
2.35489	2.148004
2.36636	2.147957
2.37788	2.14791
2.38946	2.147863
2.40109	2.147817
2.41279	2.147772
2.42454	2.147727
2.43634	2.147682
2.44821	2.147638
2.46013	2.147594
2.47211	2.147551
2.48415	2.147508
2.49624	2.147465
2.5084	2.147423
2.52062	2.147381
2.53289	2.14734
2.54522	2.147299
2.55762	2.147259
2.57007	2.147219
2.58259	2.147179
2.59516	2.14714
2.6078	2.147101
2.6205	2.147062
2.63326	2.147024
2.64608	2.146986
2.65897	2.146949
2.67192	2.146912
2.68493	2.146875
2.698	2.146839
2.71114	2.146803
2.72435	2.146767
2.73761	2.146732
2.75094	2.146697
2.76434	2.146662
2.7778	2.146628
2.79133	2.146594
2.80492	2.14656
2.81858	2.146527
2.8323	2.146494
2.8461	2.146461
2.85996	2.146429
2.87388	2.146397
2.88788	2.146365
2.90194	2.146334
2.91607	2.146303
2.93027	2.146272
2.94454	2.146242
2.95888	2.146211
2.97329	2.146182
2.98777	2.146152
3.00232	2.146123
3.01694	2.146094
3.03163	2.146065
3.04639	2.146036
3.06123	2.146008
3.07613	2.14598
3.09111	2.145953
3.10617	2.145925
3.12129	2.145898
3.13649	2.145871
3.15177	2.145845
3.16711	2.145818
3.18254	2.145792
3.19803	2.145766
3.21361	2.145741
3.22926	2.145716
3.24498	2.14569
3.26078	2.145666
3.27666	2.145641
3.29262	2.145617
3.30865	2.145593
3.32476	2.145569
3.34095	2.145545
3.35722	2.145522
3.37357	2.145498
3.39	2.145475

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

Plot