Optical constants

Refractive index of Al (Aluminium)

Rakić et al. 1998: Brendel-Bormann model; n,k 0.0620–248 µm

Data
tabulated nk
Range
0.06199–248 µm
Points
200
Licence
CC0-1.0

Plot

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Range 0.06199–248 µm
Refractive index n
1.09717
Extinction coefficient k
6.79423
Permittivity ε1
-44.9577
Permittivity ε2
14.9088
Absorption coefficient α
1.45301e+06 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
13.7645 nm
Abbe number Vd
—
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
3.50811 µm⁻¹
Group index ng
-0.964201
Group velocity dispersion
— fs²/mm
Dispersion parameter D
— ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy
2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls

# Al (Aluminium): Rakić et al. 1998: Brendel-Bormann model; n,k 0.0620–248 µm
al = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "Al", "Rakic-BB", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(al.range_nm)  # (61.992, 247970) nm
eps = al.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

Fit of experimental data from several sources to Brendel-Bormann (BB) model

References

A. D. Rakić, A. B. Djurišic, J. M. Elazar, M. L. Majewski. Optical properties of metallic films for vertical-cavity optoelectronic devices. Appl. Opt. 37, 5271-5283 (1998)
[Calculation script (Python)]
  • doi:10.1364/ao.37.005271 Optical properties of metallic films for vertical-cavity optoelectronic devices, Applied Optics (1998)

Cite

Aleksandar D. Rakić, Aleksandra B. Djurišić, Jovan M. Elazar and Marian L. Majewski. Optical properties of metallic films for vertical-cavity optoelectronic devices. Applied Optics, 37, 5271 (1998), doi:10.1364/ao.37.005271; [Calculation script (Python)]; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

200 rows as published
Al (Aluminium), Rakić et al. 1998: Brendel-Bormann model; n,k 0.0620–248 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)nk
0.0619920.664150.0092039
0.064630.626470.011074
0.0673810.582760.013512
0.0702490.531210.016828
0.0732390.468840.021649
0.0763550.390130.029549
0.0796050.2820.046438
0.0829930.115880.12841
0.0865250.0552950.3059
0.0902080.0444080.43313
0.0940470.0405840.53919
0.0980490.0392320.63492
0.102220.0391410.72492
0.106570.0398570.81159
0.111110.0411810.89644
0.115840.0430240.98045
0.120770.045351.0643
0.125910.0481581.1487
0.131270.0514611.2338
0.136850.0552811.3202
0.142680.059641.408
0.148750.0645571.4975
0.155080.070041.589
0.161680.0760911.6826
0.168560.0827031.7786
0.175730.0898661.8771
0.183210.0975711.9783
0.191010.105822.0826
0.199140.114612.1901
0.207620.123982.3011
0.216450.133982.4159
0.225660.144682.5347
0.235270.156172.6578
0.245280.16862.7856
0.255720.18212.9182
0.26660.196873.056
0.277950.213123.1992
0.289780.231093.3482
0.302110.251073.503
0.314970.273363.664
0.328370.298323.8313
0.342350.326344.0052
0.356920.357854.1856
0.372110.39334.3726
0.387950.433174.5661
0.404460.47794.7659
0.421670.527884.9717
0.439620.583365.183
0.458330.644395.3994
0.477830.710745.6203
0.498170.781865.8455
0.519370.856976.075
0.541470.935256.3099
0.564521.01626.5519
0.588551.10056.8042
0.613591.19117.0711
0.639711.29527.3576
0.666931.42867.6672
0.695321.62037.9931
0.724911.91158.2933
0.755762.30528.4555
0.787932.65238.3611
0.821462.70618.1106
0.856422.44657.9982
0.892872.09488.1553
0.930871.80898.499
0.970491.6128.9296
1.01181.48219.3982
1.05491.39749.8877
1.09971.34410.393
1.14651.313610.915
1.19531.301211.452
1.24621.303912.007
1.29931.319712.581
1.35461.347613.173
1.41221.386813.786
1.47231.43714.421
1.5351.497915.077
1.60031.569415.757
1.66841.651816.46
1.73941.745117.188
1.81341.849717.942
1.89061.965918.723
1.97112.094219.531
2.0552.234920.367
2.14242.388721.233
2.23362.556222.128
2.32872.737923.054
2.42782.934624.012
2.53113.146825.002
2.63883.375426.025
2.75113.620927.082
2.86823.884128.173
2.99034.165729.3
3.11754.466430.463
3.25024.786731.662
3.38855.127332.898
3.53285.488734.172
3.68315.871435.484
3.83996.275736.836
4.00336.701938.228
4.17377.150139.66
4.35137.620641.135
4.53658.113342.652
4.72968.628144.214
4.93089.164945.821
5.14079.723647.476
5.359510.30449.18
5.587610.90650.936
5.825411.5352.747
6.073312.17554.615
6.331812.84356.545
6.601313.53458.539
6.882214.2560.601
7.175114.99162.736
7.480515.7664.948
7.798816.5667.242
8.130717.39469.62
8.476818.26672.089
8.837619.17974.651
9.213720.1477.311
9.605821.15380.072
10.01522.22482.936
10.44123.35985.906
10.88524.56588.985
11.34825.84992.173
11.83127.21795.47
12.33528.67798.878
12.8630.235102.39
13.40731.898106.02
13.97833.672109.75
14.57335.565113.59
15.19337.582117.52
15.8439.728121.56
16.51442.01125.68
17.21644.432129.9
17.94946.998134.2
18.71349.712138.58
19.5152.578143.04
20.3455.597147.57
21.20658.773152.16
22.10862.105156.81
23.04965.596161.51
24.0369.244166.26
25.05373.05171.06
26.11977.013175.89
27.2381.13180.76
28.38985.4185.65
29.59889.82190.58
30.85794.387195.53
32.1799.098200.5
33.54103.95205.49
34.967108.94210.5
36.455114.06215.53
38.007119.31220.57
39.624124.69225.63
41.311130.18230.71
43.069135.8235.82
44.902141.53240.94
46.813147.37246.09
48.805153.32251.27
50.882159.38256.48
53.048165.54261.73
55.305171.8267.01
57.659178.17272.34
60.113184.63277.72
62.671191.19283.15
65.339197.85288.63
68.119204.61294.18
71.019211.47299.8
74.041218.42305.49
77.192225.47311.26
80.478232.63317.11
83.903239.88323.05
87.473247.24329.08
91.196254.71335.21
95.078262.28341.45
99.124269.96347.79
103.34277.76354.25
107.74285.67360.82
112.33293.7367.52
117.11301.85374.34
122.09310.12381.3
127.29318.52388.4
132.7327.05395.64
138.35335.72403.03
144.24344.53410.57
150.38353.48418.26
156.78362.57426.12
163.45371.82434.15
170.41381.22442.34
177.66390.78450.71
185.22400.5459.26
193.1410.39468.0
201.32420.45476.93
209.89430.68486.05
218.82441.1495.37
228.14451.71504.9
237.85462.5514.63
247.97473.49524.58

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence
Method
Transmittance T
—
Reflectance R
—

Fresnel reflection calculator

Direction
Rp
—
Rs
—
R = (Rp+Rs)/2
—
Phase φp
—
Phase φs
—
Brewster angle θB
—
Critical angle θC
—