Optical constants
Refractive index of CdSe (Cadmium selenide)
Lisitsa et al. 1969: n(o) 1.01–22.0 µm
- Data
- formula 2
- Range
- 1.01–22 µm
- Optical axis
- o
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Uniaxial crystal, axes: oe
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 2.44744
- Extinction coefficient k
- 0
- Permittivity ε1
- 5.98997
- Permittivity ε2
- 0
- Absorption coefficient α
- 0 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- — nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -0.00340199 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 2.46346
- Group velocity dispersion
- 117.951 fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- -10.0152 ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 0.263236 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# CdSe (Cadmium selenide): Lisitsa et al. 1969: n(o) 1.01–22.0 µm
cdse = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "CdSe", "Lisitsa-o", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(cdse.range_nm) # (1010, 22000) nm
eps = cdse.eps([4710]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_823befaf78ab/lightsmith"
cdse = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(cdse.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (cdse/lisitsa-1969-o).
# ... load cdse as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=cdse)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=1010, stop_nm=22000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_823befaf78ab/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
cdse_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Dispersion formula
Sellmeier (C in µm²) (formula 2), λ in µmValid from 1.01 to 22.0 µm.
Coefficients as stored
| Ci | Value |
|---|---|
| C1 | 3.2243 |
| C2 | 1.768 |
| C3 | 0.227 |
| C4 | 3.12 |
| C5 | 3380.0 |
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- direction
- o
References
2) G. C. Bhar. Refractive index interpolation in phase-matching. Appl. Opt. 15, 305-307 (1976)
* Ref. 2 provides a dispersion formula based on data from Ref. 1
- doi:10.1002/pssb.19690310146 Dispersion of the Refractive Indices and Birefringence of CdS<sub><i>x</i></sub>Se<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub> Single Crystals, physica status solidi (b) (1969)
- doi:10.1364/ao.15.0305_1 Refractive index interpolation in phase-matching, Applied Optics (1976)
Cite
M. P. Lisitsa, L. F. Gudymenko, V. N. Malinko and S. F. Terekhova. Dispersion of the Refractive Indices and Birefringence of CdS<sub><i>x</i></sub>Se<sub>1−<i>x</i></sub> Single Crystals. physica status solidi (b), 31, 389-399 (1969), doi:10.1002/pssb.19690310146; Gopal C. Bhar. Refractive index interpolation in phase-matching. Applied Optics, 15, 305_1 (1976), doi:10.1364/ao.15.0305_1; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library| λ (µm) | n |
|---|---|
| 1.01 | 2.548998 |
| 1.01783 | 2.547047 |
| 1.02572 | 2.54514 |
| 1.03367 | 2.543277 |
| 1.04168 | 2.541456 |
| 1.04976 | 2.539676 |
| 1.0579 | 2.537936 |
| 1.0661 | 2.536236 |
| 1.07436 | 2.534572 |
| 1.08269 | 2.532946 |
| 1.09108 | 2.531355 |
| 1.09954 | 2.529798 |
| 1.10806 | 2.528276 |
| 1.11665 | 2.526786 |
| 1.12531 | 2.525328 |
| 1.13403 | 2.523901 |
| 1.14282 | 2.522505 |
| 1.15168 | 2.521137 |
| 1.16061 | 2.519799 |
| 1.16961 | 2.518488 |
| 1.17868 | 2.517205 |
| 1.18781 | 2.515948 |
| 1.19702 | 2.514716 |
| 1.2063 | 2.513511 |
| 1.21565 | 2.512329 |
| 1.22507 | 2.511172 |
| 1.23457 | 2.510037 |
| 1.24414 | 2.508926 |
| 1.25379 | 2.507837 |
| 1.2635 | 2.506769 |
| 1.2733 | 2.505722 |
| 1.28317 | 2.504697 |
| 1.29312 | 2.503691 |
| 1.30314 | 2.502705 |
| 1.31324 | 2.501738 |
| 1.32342 | 2.50079 |
| 1.33368 | 2.49986 |
| 1.34402 | 2.498948 |
| 1.35444 | 2.498053 |
| 1.36494 | 2.497176 |
| 1.37552 | 2.496315 |
| 1.38618 | 2.49547 |
| 1.39693 | 2.494641 |
| 1.40776 | 2.493828 |
| 1.41867 | 2.49303 |
| 1.42967 | 2.492247 |
| 1.44075 | 2.491479 |
| 1.45192 | 2.490724 |
| 1.46317 | 2.489984 |
| 1.47452 | 2.489257 |
| 1.48595 | 2.488544 |
| 1.49747 | 2.487843 |
| 1.50907 | 2.487155 |
| 1.52077 | 2.48648 |
| 1.53256 | 2.485817 |
| 1.54444 | 2.485165 |
| 1.55641 | 2.484526 |
| 1.56848 | 2.483898 |
| 1.58064 | 2.48328 |
| 1.59289 | 2.482674 |
| 1.60524 | 2.482079 |
| 1.61768 | 2.481494 |
| 1.63022 | 2.480919 |
| 1.64286 | 2.480355 |
| 1.6556 | 2.4798 |
| 1.66843 | 2.479255 |
| 1.68136 | 2.478719 |
| 1.6944 | 2.478193 |
| 1.70753 | 2.477676 |
| 1.72077 | 2.477167 |
| 1.73411 | 2.476667 |
| 1.74755 | 2.476176 |
| 1.7611 | 2.475693 |
| 1.77475 | 2.475218 |
| 1.78851 | 2.474751 |
| 1.80237 | 2.474293 |
| 1.81634 | 2.473841 |
| 1.83042 | 2.473398 |
| 1.84461 | 2.472961 |
| 1.85891 | 2.472532 |
| 1.87332 | 2.47211 |
| 1.88784 | 2.471695 |
| 1.90248 | 2.471287 |
| 1.91723 | 2.470885 |
| 1.93209 | 2.47049 |
| 1.94707 | 2.470102 |
| 1.96216 | 2.46972 |
| 1.97737 | 2.469343 |
| 1.9927 | 2.468973 |
| 2.00815 | 2.468609 |
| 2.02371 | 2.468251 |
| 2.0394 | 2.467898 |
| 2.05521 | 2.467551 |
| 2.07114 | 2.467209 |
| 2.0872 | 2.466873 |
| 2.10338 | 2.466542 |
| 2.11968 | 2.466216 |
| 2.13611 | 2.465896 |
| 2.15267 | 2.46558 |
| 2.16936 | 2.465269 |
| 2.18618 | 2.464963 |
| 2.20312 | 2.464661 |
| 2.2202 | 2.464364 |
| 2.23741 | 2.464072 |
| 2.25476 | 2.463784 |
| 2.27224 | 2.4635 |
| 2.28985 | 2.463221 |
| 2.3076 | 2.462946 |
| 2.32549 | 2.462674 |
| 2.34352 | 2.462407 |
| 2.36168 | 2.462144 |
| 2.37999 | 2.461884 |
| 2.39844 | 2.461628 |
| 2.41703 | 2.461376 |
| 2.43577 | 2.461128 |
| 2.45465 | 2.460883 |
| 2.47368 | 2.460641 |
| 2.49285 | 2.460403 |
| 2.51218 | 2.460168 |
| 2.53165 | 2.459937 |
| 2.55128 | 2.459709 |
| 2.57106 | 2.459483 |
| 2.59099 | 2.459261 |
| 2.61107 | 2.459042 |
| 2.63131 | 2.458826 |
| 2.65171 | 2.458613 |
| 2.67227 | 2.458402 |
| 2.69298 | 2.458194 |
| 2.71386 | 2.457989 |
| 2.73489 | 2.457787 |
| 2.7561 | 2.457587 |
| 2.77746 | 2.45739 |
| 2.79899 | 2.457195 |
| 2.82069 | 2.457003 |
| 2.84255 | 2.456813 |
| 2.86459 | 2.456625 |
| 2.8868 | 2.45644 |
| 2.90917 | 2.456256 |
| 2.93173 | 2.456075 |
| 2.95445 | 2.455897 |
| 2.97735 | 2.45572 |
| 3.00044 | 2.455545 |
| 3.02369 | 2.455372 |
| 3.04713 | 2.455201 |
| 3.07075 | 2.455032 |
| 3.09456 | 2.454865 |
| 3.11855 | 2.4547 |
| 3.14272 | 2.454536 |
| 3.16708 | 2.454374 |
| 3.19164 | 2.454214 |
| 3.21638 | 2.454055 |
| 3.24131 | 2.453898 |
| 3.26644 | 2.453743 |
| 3.29176 | 2.453589 |
| 3.31728 | 2.453436 |
| 3.34299 | 2.453285 |
| 3.36891 | 2.453135 |
| 3.39502 | 2.452987 |
| 3.42134 | 2.452839 |
| 3.44786 | 2.452694 |
| 3.47459 | 2.452549 |
| 3.50152 | 2.452405 |
| 3.52867 | 2.452263 |
| 3.55602 | 2.452122 |
| 3.58359 | 2.451982 |
| 3.61137 | 2.451843 |
| 3.63936 | 2.451705 |
| 3.66757 | 2.451567 |
| 3.696 | 2.451431 |
| 3.72466 | 2.451296 |
| 3.75353 | 2.451161 |
| 3.78263 | 2.451028 |
| 3.81195 | 2.450895 |
| 3.8415 | 2.450763 |
| 3.87128 | 2.450632 |
| 3.90129 | 2.450501 |
| 3.93153 | 2.450371 |
| 3.96201 | 2.450242 |
| 3.99272 | 2.450113 |
| 4.02367 | 2.449985 |
| 4.05486 | 2.449857 |
| 4.0863 | 2.44973 |
| 4.11797 | 2.449603 |
| 4.14989 | 2.449477 |
| 4.18206 | 2.449351 |
| 4.21448 | 2.449226 |
| 4.24715 | 2.4491 |
| 4.28008 | 2.448975 |
| 4.31326 | 2.448851 |
| 4.34669 | 2.448727 |
| 4.38039 | 2.448602 |
| 4.41434 | 2.448478 |
| 4.44856 | 2.448355 |
| 4.48305 | 2.448231 |
| 4.5178 | 2.448107 |
| 4.55282 | 2.447984 |
| 4.58812 | 2.44786 |
| 4.62368 | 2.447737 |
| 4.65952 | 2.447613 |
| 4.69564 | 2.447489 |
| 4.73204 | 2.447366 |
| 4.76873 | 2.447242 |
| 4.80569 | 2.447118 |
| 4.84295 | 2.446994 |
| 4.88049 | 2.446869 |
| 4.91832 | 2.446744 |
| 4.95645 | 2.446619 |
| 4.99487 | 2.446494 |
| 5.03359 | 2.446368 |
| 5.07261 | 2.446242 |
| 5.11193 | 2.446116 |
| 5.15156 | 2.445989 |
| 5.1915 | 2.445862 |
| 5.23174 | 2.445734 |
| 5.2723 | 2.445605 |
| 5.31317 | 2.445476 |
| 5.35435 | 2.445347 |
| 5.39586 | 2.445216 |
| 5.43769 | 2.445086 |
| 5.47984 | 2.444954 |
| 5.52232 | 2.444822 |
| 5.56513 | 2.444688 |
| 5.60827 | 2.444555 |
| 5.65174 | 2.44442 |
| 5.69556 | 2.444284 |
| 5.73971 | 2.444148 |
| 5.7842 | 2.44401 |
| 5.82904 | 2.443872 |
| 5.87423 | 2.443732 |
| 5.91976 | 2.443592 |
| 5.96565 | 2.44345 |
| 6.0119 | 2.443307 |
| 6.0585 | 2.443164 |
| 6.10547 | 2.443018 |
| 6.1528 | 2.442872 |
| 6.20049 | 2.442725 |
| 6.24856 | 2.442576 |
| 6.297 | 2.442426 |
| 6.34581 | 2.442274 |
| 6.395 | 2.442121 |
| 6.44458 | 2.441967 |
| 6.49453 | 2.441811 |
| 6.54488 | 2.441653 |
| 6.59561 | 2.441494 |
| 6.64674 | 2.441334 |
| 6.69827 | 2.441171 |
| 6.75019 | 2.441007 |
| 6.80252 | 2.440842 |
| 6.85525 | 2.440674 |
| 6.90839 | 2.440505 |
| 6.96195 | 2.440334 |
| 7.01592 | 2.44016 |
| 7.0703 | 2.439985 |
| 7.12511 | 2.439808 |
| 7.18034 | 2.439629 |
| 7.23601 | 2.439448 |
| 7.2921 | 2.439264 |
| 7.34863 | 2.439079 |
| 7.40559 | 2.438891 |
| 7.463 | 2.438701 |
| 7.52085 | 2.438508 |
| 7.57915 | 2.438314 |
| 7.63791 | 2.438116 |
| 7.69712 | 2.437916 |
| 7.75678 | 2.437714 |
| 7.81691 | 2.437509 |
| 7.87751 | 2.437301 |
| 7.93857 | 2.437091 |
| 8.00011 | 2.436878 |
| 8.06213 | 2.436662 |
| 8.12463 | 2.436443 |
| 8.18761 | 2.436221 |
| 8.25108 | 2.435997 |
| 8.31504 | 2.435769 |
| 8.3795 | 2.435538 |
| 8.44446 | 2.435304 |
| 8.50992 | 2.435066 |
| 8.57588 | 2.434826 |
| 8.64236 | 2.434581 |
| 8.70936 | 2.434334 |
| 8.77687 | 2.434083 |
| 8.84491 | 2.433828 |
| 8.91348 | 2.43357 |
| 8.98257 | 2.433308 |
| 9.05221 | 2.433042 |
| 9.12238 | 2.432772 |
| 9.19309 | 2.432499 |
| 9.26436 | 2.432221 |
| 9.33617 | 2.431939 |
| 9.40855 | 2.431653 |
| 9.48148 | 2.431363 |
| 9.55498 | 2.431068 |
| 9.62905 | 2.430769 |
| 9.70369 | 2.430466 |
| 9.77892 | 2.430158 |
| 9.85472 | 2.429845 |
| 9.93112 | 2.429527 |
| 10.0081 | 2.429205 |
| 10.0857 | 2.428877 |
| 10.1639 | 2.428545 |
| 10.2427 | 2.428207 |
| 10.3221 | 2.427864 |
| 10.4021 | 2.427516 |
| 10.4827 | 2.427162 |
| 10.564 | 2.426803 |
| 10.6459 | 2.426438 |
| 10.7284 | 2.426068 |
| 10.8116 | 2.425691 |
| 10.8954 | 2.425308 |
| 10.9798 | 2.42492 |
| 11.0649 | 2.424525 |
| 11.1507 | 2.424124 |
| 11.2372 | 2.423716 |
| 11.3243 | 2.423302 |
| 11.412 | 2.422881 |
| 11.5005 | 2.422453 |
| 11.5897 | 2.422019 |
| 11.6795 | 2.421577 |
| 11.77 | 2.421128 |
| 11.8613 | 2.420671 |
| 11.9532 | 2.420207 |
| 12.0459 | 2.419736 |
| 12.1393 | 2.419256 |
| 12.2334 | 2.418769 |
| 12.3282 | 2.418273 |
| 12.4238 | 2.417769 |
| 12.5201 | 2.417257 |
| 12.6171 | 2.416736 |
| 12.7149 | 2.416207 |
| 12.8135 | 2.415668 |
| 12.9128 | 2.415121 |
| 13.0129 | 2.414564 |
| 13.1138 | 2.413997 |
| 13.2155 | 2.413421 |
| 13.3179 | 2.412835 |
| 13.4212 | 2.41224 |
| 13.5252 | 2.411633 |
| 13.63 | 2.411017 |
| 13.7357 | 2.410389 |
| 13.8422 | 2.409751 |
| 13.9495 | 2.409102 |
| 14.0576 | 2.408441 |
| 14.1666 | 2.407769 |
| 14.2764 | 2.407086 |
| 14.3871 | 2.40639 |
| 14.4986 | 2.405682 |
| 14.611 | 2.404961 |
| 14.7243 | 2.404227 |
| 14.8384 | 2.403481 |
| 14.9534 | 2.402721 |
| 15.0693 | 2.401948 |
| 15.1862 | 2.401161 |
| 15.3039 | 2.40036 |
| 15.4225 | 2.399544 |
| 15.5421 | 2.398714 |
| 15.6626 | 2.397868 |
| 15.784 | 2.397007 |
| 15.9063 | 2.396131 |
| 16.0296 | 2.395238 |
| 16.1539 | 2.394329 |
| 16.2791 | 2.393403 |
| 16.4053 | 2.392461 |
| 16.5325 | 2.3915 |
| 16.6606 | 2.390522 |
| 16.7898 | 2.389526 |
| 16.9199 | 2.388511 |
| 17.0511 | 2.387477 |
| 17.1833 | 2.386424 |
| 17.3165 | 2.385351 |
| 17.4507 | 2.384257 |
| 17.586 | 2.383143 |
| 17.7223 | 2.382007 |
| 17.8597 | 2.38085 |
| 17.9982 | 2.37967 |
| 18.1377 | 2.378468 |
| 18.2783 | 2.377242 |
| 18.42 | 2.375992 |
| 18.5628 | 2.374719 |
| 18.7067 | 2.37342 |
| 18.8517 | 2.372095 |
| 18.9978 | 2.370745 |
| 19.1451 | 2.369368 |
| 19.2935 | 2.367963 |
| 19.4431 | 2.36653 |
| 19.5938 | 2.365069 |
| 19.7457 | 2.363578 |
| 19.8987 | 2.362057 |
| 20.053 | 2.360505 |
| 20.2084 | 2.358922 |
| 20.3651 | 2.357305 |
| 20.523 | 2.355656 |
| 20.682 | 2.353973 |
| 20.8424 | 2.352254 |
| 21.0039 | 2.3505 |
| 21.1668 | 2.348708 |
| 21.3308 | 2.346879 |
| 21.4962 | 2.345012 |
| 21.6628 | 2.343104 |
| 21.8308 | 2.341155 |
| 22 | 2.339165 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
Ordinary ray (o)