Optical constants

Refractive index of (C₆H₁₀O₅)_n (Cellulose)

Sultanova et al. 2009: n 0.437–1.05 µm

Data: formula 2
Range: 0.4368–1.052 µm
Temperature: 293 K
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.47013
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 2.16129
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: 54.002
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.0445992 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.49634
Group velocity dispersion: 84.9397 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -463.391 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# (C6H10O5)n (Cellulose): Sultanova et al. 2009: n 0.437–1.05 µm
cellulose = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("organic", "cellulose", "Sultanova", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(cellulose.range_nm)  # (436.8, 1052) nm
eps = cellulose.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_9ae037577cd7/lightsmith"
cellulose = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(cellulose.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (cellulose/sultanova-2009).

# ... load cellulose as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=cellulose)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=437, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_9ae037577cd7/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
cellulose_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))

A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Sellmeier (C in µm²) (formula 2), λ in µm

n^{2} - 1 = \frac{1.124 λ^{2}}{λ^{2} - 0.011087}

Valid from 0.4368 to 1.052 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	0.0
C2	1.124
C3	0.011087

Comments and conditions

20 °C

Conditions

temperature: 293 K

References

N. Sultanova, S. Kasarova, I. Nikolov. Dispersion properties of optical polymers. Acta Physica Polonica A 116, 585-587 (2009)
(fit of the experimental data with the Sellmeier dispersion formula: Mikhail Polyanskiy)

Cite

N. Sultanova, S. Kasarova, I. Nikolov. Dispersion properties of optical polymers. Acta Physica Polonica A 116, 585-587 (2009); Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

(C6H10O5)n (Cellulose), Sultanova et al. 2009: n 0.437–1.05 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.4368	1.480995
0.437763	1.480885
0.438729	1.480777
0.439696	1.480668
0.440666	1.480561
0.441638	1.480454
0.442612	1.480347
0.443588	1.480241
0.444566	1.480135
0.445547	1.48003
0.446529	1.479926
0.447514	1.479822
0.448501	1.479718
0.44949	1.479615
0.450481	1.479512
0.451475	1.47941
0.45247	1.479309
0.453468	1.479208
0.454468	1.479107
0.455471	1.479007
0.456475	1.478907
0.457482	1.478808
0.458491	1.47871
0.459502	1.478611
0.460515	1.478514
0.461531	1.478416
0.462549	1.47832
0.463569	1.478223
0.464591	1.478128
0.465616	1.478032
0.466643	1.477937
0.467672	1.477843
0.468703	1.477749
0.469737	1.477655
0.470773	1.477562
0.471811	1.477469
0.472851	1.477377
0.473894	1.477285
0.474939	1.477194
0.475987	1.477103
0.477037	1.477013
0.478089	1.476923
0.479143	1.476833
0.4802	1.476744
0.481259	1.476655
0.48232	1.476567
0.483384	1.476479
0.48445	1.476391
0.485518	1.476304
0.486589	1.476218
0.487662	1.476131
0.488737	1.476046
0.489815	1.47596
0.490895	1.475875
0.491978	1.47579
0.493063	1.475706
0.49415	1.475622
0.49524	1.475539
0.496332	1.475456
0.497427	1.475373
0.498524	1.475291
0.499623	1.475209
0.500725	1.475128
0.50183	1.475047
0.502936	1.474966
0.504045	1.474886
0.505157	1.474806
0.506271	1.474726
0.507388	1.474647
0.508507	1.474569
0.509628	1.47449
0.510752	1.474412
0.511878	1.474334
0.513007	1.474257
0.514139	1.47418
0.515273	1.474104
0.516409	1.474027
0.517548	1.473952
0.518689	1.473876
0.519833	1.473801
0.520979	1.473726
0.522128	1.473652
0.52328	1.473578
0.524434	1.473504
0.52559	1.473431
0.52675	1.473357
0.527911	1.473285
0.529076	1.473212
0.530242	1.47314
0.531412	1.473069
0.532584	1.472997
0.533758	1.472926
0.534935	1.472856
0.536115	1.472785
0.537297	1.472715
0.538482	1.472646
0.53967	1.472576
0.54086	1.472507
0.542053	1.472439
0.543248	1.47237
0.544446	1.472302
0.545647	1.472235
0.54685	1.472167
0.548056	1.4721
0.549265	1.472033
0.550476	1.471967
0.55169	1.471901
0.552907	1.471835
0.554126	1.471769
0.555349	1.471704
0.556573	1.471639
0.557801	1.471575
0.559031	1.47151
0.560264	1.471446
0.561499	1.471383
0.562738	1.471319
0.563979	1.471256
0.565222	1.471193
0.566469	1.471131
0.567718	1.471068
0.56897	1.471006
0.570225	1.470945
0.571483	1.470883
0.572743	1.470822
0.574006	1.470761
0.575272	1.470701
0.576541	1.470641
0.577812	1.470581
0.579086	1.470521
0.580364	1.470462
0.581643	1.470403
0.582926	1.470344
0.584212	1.470285
0.5855	1.470227
0.586791	1.470169
0.588085	1.470111
0.589382	1.470053
0.590682	1.469996
0.591985	1.469939
0.59329	1.469883
0.594599	1.469826
0.59591	1.46977
0.597224	1.469714
0.598541	1.469658
0.599861	1.469603
0.601184	1.469548
0.60251	1.469493
0.603839	1.469438
0.605171	1.469384
0.606505	1.46933
0.607843	1.469276
0.609183	1.469222
0.610527	1.469169
0.611873	1.469116
0.613223	1.469063
0.614575	1.46901
0.61593	1.468958
0.617289	1.468906
0.61865	1.468854
0.620014	1.468802
0.621382	1.468751
0.622752	1.4687
0.624126	1.468649
0.625502	1.468598
0.626882	1.468547
0.628264	1.468497
0.62965	1.468447
0.631038	1.468397
0.63243	1.468348
0.633825	1.468298
0.635222	1.468249
0.636623	1.4682
0.638027	1.468152
0.639434	1.468103
0.640845	1.468055
0.642258	1.468007
0.643674	1.467959
0.645094	1.467912
0.646516	1.467865
0.647942	1.467817
0.649371	1.467771
0.650803	1.467724
0.652239	1.467677
0.653677	1.467631
0.655119	1.467585
0.656563	1.467539
0.658011	1.467494
0.659463	1.467448
0.660917	1.467403
0.662374	1.467358
0.663835	1.467313
0.665299	1.467269
0.666766	1.467224
0.668237	1.46718
0.669711	1.467136
0.671188	1.467093
0.672668	1.467049
0.674151	1.467006
0.675638	1.466962
0.677128	1.46692
0.678621	1.466877
0.680118	1.466834
0.681618	1.466792
0.683121	1.46675
0.684628	1.466708
0.686138	1.466666
0.687651	1.466624
0.689167	1.466583
0.690687	1.466542
0.69221	1.466501
0.693737	1.46646
0.695267	1.466419
0.6968	1.466379
0.698337	1.466338
0.699877	1.466298
0.70142	1.466258
0.702967	1.466219
0.704518	1.466179
0.706071	1.46614
0.707628	1.4661
0.709189	1.466061
0.710753	1.466023
0.712321	1.465984
0.713892	1.465945
0.715466	1.465907
0.717044	1.465869
0.718625	1.465831
0.72021	1.465793
0.721798	1.465756
0.72339	1.465718
0.724985	1.465681
0.726584	1.465644
0.728187	1.465607
0.729793	1.46557
0.731402	1.465533
0.733015	1.465497
0.734632	1.465461
0.736252	1.465425
0.737875	1.465389
0.739503	1.465353
0.741134	1.465317
0.742768	1.465282
0.744406	1.465247
0.746048	1.465211
0.747693	1.465177
0.749342	1.465142
0.750995	1.465107
0.752651	1.465073
0.754311	1.465038
0.755974	1.465004
0.757642	1.46497
0.759312	1.464936
0.760987	1.464902
0.762665	1.464869
0.764347	1.464835
0.766033	1.464802
0.767722	1.464769
0.769415	1.464736
0.771112	1.464703
0.772813	1.464671
0.774517	1.464638
0.776225	1.464606
0.777937	1.464574
0.779653	1.464542
0.781372	1.46451
0.783095	1.464478
0.784822	1.464446
0.786553	1.464415
0.788288	1.464383
0.790026	1.464352
0.791769	1.464321
0.793515	1.46429
0.795265	1.464259
0.797019	1.464229
0.798776	1.464198
0.800538	1.464168
0.802303	1.464138
0.804073	1.464108
0.805846	1.464078
0.807623	1.464048
0.809404	1.464018
0.811189	1.463989
0.812978	1.463959
0.814771	1.46393
0.816568	1.463901
0.818369	1.463872
0.820174	1.463843
0.821983	1.463814
0.823795	1.463785
0.825612	1.463757
0.827433	1.463729
0.829258	1.4637
0.831086	1.463672
0.832919	1.463644
0.834756	1.463616
0.836597	1.463589
0.838442	1.463561
0.840291	1.463534
0.842144	1.463506
0.844002	1.463479
0.845863	1.463452
0.847728	1.463425
0.849598	1.463398
0.851472	1.463371
0.853349	1.463345
0.855231	1.463318
0.857117	1.463292
0.859008	1.463266
0.860902	1.463239
0.862801	1.463213
0.864704	1.463187
0.866611	1.463162
0.868522	1.463136
0.870437	1.46311
0.872357	1.463085
0.874281	1.46306
0.876209	1.463034
0.878141	1.463009
0.880078	1.462984
0.882019	1.462959
0.883964	1.462935
0.885913	1.46291
0.887867	1.462885
0.889825	1.462861
0.891788	1.462837
0.893754	1.462812
0.895725	1.462788
0.897701	1.462764
0.89968	1.46274
0.901665	1.462717
0.903653	1.462693
0.905646	1.462669
0.907643	1.462646
0.909645	1.462623
0.911651	1.462599
0.913662	1.462576
0.915677	1.462553
0.917696	1.46253
0.91972	1.462507
0.921748	1.462485
0.923781	1.462462
0.925818	1.46244
0.92786	1.462417
0.929906	1.462395
0.931957	1.462373
0.934012	1.46235
0.936072	1.462328
0.938137	1.462306
0.940205	1.462285
0.942279	1.462263
0.944357	1.462241
0.94644	1.46222
0.948527	1.462198
0.950619	1.462177
0.952715	1.462156
0.954816	1.462135
0.956922	1.462113
0.959032	1.462093
0.961147	1.462072
0.963267	1.462051
0.965392	1.46203
0.967521	1.46201
0.969654	1.461989
0.971793	1.461969
0.973936	1.461948
0.976084	1.461928
0.978236	1.461908
0.980394	1.461888
0.982556	1.461868
0.984723	1.461848
0.986894	1.461828
0.989071	1.461809
0.991252	1.461789
0.993438	1.46177
0.995629	1.46175
0.997825	1.461731
1.00003	1.461712
1.00223	1.461692
1.00444	1.461673
1.00666	1.461654
1.00888	1.461635
1.0111	1.461617
1.01333	1.461598
1.01557	1.461579
1.01781	1.461561
1.02005	1.461542
1.0223	1.461524
1.02455	1.461506
1.02681	1.461487
1.02908	1.461469
1.03135	1.461451
1.03362	1.461433
1.0359	1.461415
1.03819	1.461397
1.04048	1.46138
1.04277	1.461362
1.04507	1.461344
1.04738	1.461327
1.04969	1.461309
1.052	1.461292

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

(C₆H₁₀O₅)_n (Cellulose): all datasets

About (C6H10O5)n (Cellulose)

Cellulose ((C₆H₁₀O₅)_n) is an organic compound and the primary constituent of cell walls in green plants, many forms of algae, and oomycetes. Being the most abundant organic polymer on Earth, it serves as a primary source of nutrition for herbivores through a process called cellulolysis. Composed of linear chains of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units, it differs from starch, another glucose-based polymer, in that humans and many animals cannot directly digest cellulose due to its β-glycosidic bonds. However, certain animals like ruminants and termites can break it down with the help of symbiotic microorganisms. Industrially, cellulose is vital for producing paper and paperboard and serves as a raw material for derivative products such as cellophane and rayon. Its derivatives, including cellulose acetate and nitrate, find uses in coatings, inks, and more. Its renewable nature has also positioned cellulose as a potential resource for sustainable biofuel production.

Cellulose - Wikipedia

More about (C6H10O5)n (Cellulose) →

Listed in

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/organic/(C6H10O5)n - cellulose/nk/Sultanova.yml
ID: ds_9ae037577cd7
API: /v1/datasets/ds_9ae037577cd7

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