Optical constants
Refractive index of GaAs (Gallium arsenide)
Perner et al. 2023: n 2.0–7.1 µm
- Data
- formula 1
- Range
- 2–7.1 µm
- Temperature
- 295 K
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 3.28754
- Extinction coefficient k
- 0
- Permittivity ε1
- 10.8079
- Permittivity ε2
- 0
- Absorption coefficient α
- 0 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- — nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -0.00837757 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 3.31912
- Group velocity dispersion
- 639.462 fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- -84.7486 ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 0.328871 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# GaAs (Gallium arsenide): Perner et al. 2023: n 2.0–7.1 µm
gaas = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "GaAs", "Perner", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(gaas.range_nm) # (2000, 7100) nm
eps = gaas.eps([3770]) # complex permittivityDownloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_e8e4f2640f13/lightsmith"
gaas = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(gaas.source) # citation and provenance travel with the dataAny dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (gaas/perner-2023).
# ... load gaas as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=gaas)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=2000, stop_nm=7100, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelengthSame spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_e8e4f2640f13/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
gaas_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Dispersion formula
Sellmeier (formula 1), λ in µmValid from 2.0 to 7.1 µm.
Coefficients as stored
| Ci | Value |
|---|---|
| C1 | 0.0 |
| C2 | 9.705183027405873 |
| C3 | 0.38586135365339097 |
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- temperature
- 295 K
References
L. W. Perner, G.-W. Truong, D. Follman, M. Prinz, G. Winkler, S. Puchegger, G. D. Cole, O. H. Heckl.
Simultaneous measurement of mid-infrared refractive indices in thin-film heterostructures: Methodology and results for GaAs/AlGaAs.
Phys. Rev. Res. 5, 033048 (2023)
(Data kindly provided by the authors)
- doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.5.033048 Simultaneous measurement of mid-infrared refractive indices in thin-film heterostructures: Methodology and results for GaAs/AlGaAs, Physical Review Research (2023)
Cite
Lukas W. Perner et al.. Simultaneous measurement of mid-infrared refractive indices in thin-film heterostructures: Methodology and results for GaAs/AlGaAs. Physical Review Research, 5, 033048 (2023), doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.5.033048; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library
CSV comma separated
TXT tab separated
YAML n, k
Full database record original YAML
All quantities CSV
JSON metadata
| λ (µm) | n |
|---|---|
| 2 | 3.328723 |
| 2.00636 | 3.328353 |
| 2.01274 | 3.327985 |
| 2.01914 | 3.327619 |
| 2.02556 | 3.327256 |
| 2.03201 | 3.326895 |
| 2.03847 | 3.326537 |
| 2.04495 | 3.326181 |
| 2.05146 | 3.325828 |
| 2.05798 | 3.325477 |
| 2.06453 | 3.325128 |
| 2.07109 | 3.324781 |
| 2.07768 | 3.324437 |
| 2.08429 | 3.324095 |
| 2.09091 | 3.323756 |
| 2.09756 | 3.323419 |
| 2.10424 | 3.323084 |
| 2.11093 | 3.322751 |
| 2.11764 | 3.32242 |
| 2.12438 | 3.322092 |
| 2.13113 | 3.321766 |
| 2.13791 | 3.321442 |
| 2.14471 | 3.32112 |
| 2.15153 | 3.3208 |
| 2.15837 | 3.320482 |
| 2.16524 | 3.320167 |
| 2.17212 | 3.319854 |
| 2.17903 | 3.319542 |
| 2.18596 | 3.319233 |
| 2.19291 | 3.318926 |
| 2.19989 | 3.318621 |
| 2.20688 | 3.318318 |
| 2.2139 | 3.318017 |
| 2.22094 | 3.317717 |
| 2.22801 | 3.31742 |
| 2.23509 | 3.317125 |
| 2.2422 | 3.316832 |
| 2.24933 | 3.316541 |
| 2.25649 | 3.316251 |
| 2.26366 | 3.315964 |
| 2.27086 | 3.315679 |
| 2.27808 | 3.315395 |
| 2.28533 | 3.315113 |
| 2.2926 | 3.314833 |
| 2.29989 | 3.314555 |
| 2.3072 | 3.314279 |
| 2.31454 | 3.314005 |
| 2.3219 | 3.313732 |
| 2.32929 | 3.313462 |
| 2.33669 | 3.313193 |
| 2.34413 | 3.312926 |
| 2.35158 | 3.31266 |
| 2.35906 | 3.312397 |
| 2.36656 | 3.312135 |
| 2.37409 | 3.311874 |
| 2.38164 | 3.311616 |
| 2.38921 | 3.311359 |
| 2.39681 | 3.311104 |
| 2.40444 | 3.310851 |
| 2.41208 | 3.310599 |
| 2.41975 | 3.310349 |
| 2.42745 | 3.310101 |
| 2.43517 | 3.309854 |
| 2.44291 | 3.309609 |
| 2.45068 | 3.309365 |
| 2.45848 | 3.309123 |
| 2.4663 | 3.308883 |
| 2.47414 | 3.308644 |
| 2.48201 | 3.308407 |
| 2.4899 | 3.308171 |
| 2.49782 | 3.307937 |
| 2.50576 | 3.307705 |
| 2.51373 | 3.307474 |
| 2.52173 | 3.307244 |
| 2.52975 | 3.307016 |
| 2.53779 | 3.30679 |
| 2.54587 | 3.306564 |
| 2.55396 | 3.306341 |
| 2.56208 | 3.306119 |
| 2.57023 | 3.305898 |
| 2.57841 | 3.305679 |
| 2.58661 | 3.305461 |
| 2.59483 | 3.305245 |
| 2.60309 | 3.30503 |
| 2.61136 | 3.304817 |
| 2.61967 | 3.304605 |
| 2.628 | 3.304394 |
| 2.63636 | 3.304185 |
| 2.64474 | 3.303977 |
| 2.65316 | 3.30377 |
| 2.66159 | 3.303565 |
| 2.67006 | 3.303361 |
| 2.67855 | 3.303158 |
| 2.68707 | 3.302957 |
| 2.69561 | 3.302757 |
| 2.70419 | 3.302558 |
| 2.71279 | 3.302361 |
| 2.72142 | 3.302165 |
| 2.73007 | 3.30197 |
| 2.73875 | 3.301777 |
| 2.74746 | 3.301585 |
| 2.7562 | 3.301394 |
| 2.76497 | 3.301204 |
| 2.77376 | 3.301016 |
| 2.78258 | 3.300828 |
| 2.79143 | 3.300642 |
| 2.80031 | 3.300457 |
| 2.80921 | 3.300274 |
| 2.81815 | 3.300091 |
| 2.82711 | 3.29991 |
| 2.8361 | 3.29973 |
| 2.84512 | 3.299551 |
| 2.85417 | 3.299374 |
| 2.86325 | 3.299197 |
| 2.87235 | 3.299022 |
| 2.88149 | 3.298847 |
| 2.89065 | 3.298674 |
| 2.89985 | 3.298502 |
| 2.90907 | 3.298331 |
| 2.91832 | 3.298162 |
| 2.9276 | 3.297993 |
| 2.93691 | 3.297825 |
| 2.94625 | 3.297659 |
| 2.95562 | 3.297494 |
| 2.96502 | 3.297329 |
| 2.97445 | 3.297166 |
| 2.98391 | 3.297004 |
| 2.9934 | 3.296843 |
| 3.00292 | 3.296683 |
| 3.01247 | 3.296523 |
| 3.02206 | 3.296365 |
| 3.03167 | 3.296208 |
| 3.04131 | 3.296052 |
| 3.05098 | 3.295898 |
| 3.06068 | 3.295744 |
| 3.07042 | 3.295591 |
| 3.08018 | 3.295439 |
| 3.08998 | 3.295288 |
| 3.09981 | 3.295138 |
| 3.10966 | 3.294989 |
| 3.11955 | 3.294841 |
| 3.12948 | 3.294693 |
| 3.13943 | 3.294547 |
| 3.14941 | 3.294402 |
| 3.15943 | 3.294258 |
| 3.16948 | 3.294115 |
| 3.17956 | 3.293972 |
| 3.18967 | 3.293831 |
| 3.19981 | 3.29369 |
| 3.20999 | 3.29355 |
| 3.2202 | 3.293412 |
| 3.23044 | 3.293274 |
| 3.24071 | 3.293137 |
| 3.25102 | 3.293001 |
| 3.26136 | 3.292866 |
| 3.27173 | 3.292731 |
| 3.28214 | 3.292598 |
| 3.29258 | 3.292465 |
| 3.30305 | 3.292334 |
| 3.31355 | 3.292203 |
| 3.32409 | 3.292073 |
| 3.33466 | 3.291944 |
| 3.34527 | 3.291815 |
| 3.35591 | 3.291688 |
| 3.36658 | 3.291561 |
| 3.37729 | 3.291435 |
| 3.38803 | 3.29131 |
| 3.3988 | 3.291186 |
| 3.40961 | 3.291062 |
| 3.42046 | 3.29094 |
| 3.43134 | 3.290818 |
| 3.44225 | 3.290697 |
| 3.4532 | 3.290576 |
| 3.46418 | 3.290457 |
| 3.4752 | 3.290338 |
| 3.48625 | 3.29022 |
| 3.49734 | 3.290103 |
| 3.50846 | 3.289986 |
| 3.51962 | 3.289871 |
| 3.53081 | 3.289756 |
| 3.54204 | 3.289642 |
| 3.5533 | 3.289528 |
| 3.5646 | 3.289415 |
| 3.57594 | 3.289303 |
| 3.58731 | 3.289192 |
| 3.59872 | 3.289081 |
| 3.61017 | 3.288972 |
| 3.62165 | 3.288862 |
| 3.63317 | 3.288754 |
| 3.64472 | 3.288646 |
| 3.65631 | 3.288539 |
| 3.66794 | 3.288433 |
| 3.67961 | 3.288327 |
| 3.69131 | 3.288222 |
| 3.70305 | 3.288118 |
| 3.71483 | 3.288014 |
| 3.72664 | 3.287911 |
| 3.73849 | 3.287809 |
| 3.75038 | 3.287707 |
| 3.76231 | 3.287606 |
| 3.77428 | 3.287505 |
| 3.78628 | 3.287406 |
| 3.79832 | 3.287307 |
| 3.8104 | 3.287208 |
| 3.82252 | 3.28711 |
| 3.83468 | 3.287013 |
| 3.84687 | 3.286917 |
| 3.85911 | 3.286821 |
| 3.87138 | 3.286725 |
| 3.88369 | 3.286631 |
| 3.89604 | 3.286536 |
| 3.90843 | 3.286443 |
| 3.92087 | 3.28635 |
| 3.93333 | 3.286258 |
| 3.94584 | 3.286166 |
| 3.95839 | 3.286075 |
| 3.97098 | 3.285984 |
| 3.98361 | 3.285894 |
| 3.99628 | 3.285805 |
| 4.00899 | 3.285716 |
| 4.02174 | 3.285628 |
| 4.03453 | 3.28554 |
| 4.04736 | 3.285453 |
| 4.06023 | 3.285367 |
| 4.07315 | 3.285281 |
| 4.0861 | 3.285195 |
| 4.0991 | 3.28511 |
| 4.11213 | 3.285026 |
| 4.12521 | 3.284942 |
| 4.13833 | 3.284859 |
| 4.15149 | 3.284776 |
| 4.1647 | 3.284694 |
| 4.17794 | 3.284612 |
| 4.19123 | 3.284531 |
| 4.20456 | 3.284451 |
| 4.21793 | 3.28437 |
| 4.23134 | 3.284291 |
| 4.2448 | 3.284212 |
| 4.2583 | 3.284133 |
| 4.27184 | 3.284055 |
| 4.28543 | 3.283978 |
| 4.29906 | 3.2839 |
| 4.31273 | 3.283824 |
| 4.32645 | 3.283748 |
| 4.34021 | 3.283672 |
| 4.35401 | 3.283597 |
| 4.36786 | 3.283522 |
| 4.38175 | 3.283448 |
| 4.39569 | 3.283375 |
| 4.40966 | 3.283301 |
| 4.42369 | 3.283229 |
| 4.43776 | 3.283156 |
| 4.45187 | 3.283085 |
| 4.46603 | 3.283013 |
| 4.48023 | 3.282942 |
| 4.49448 | 3.282872 |
| 4.50878 | 3.282802 |
| 4.52312 | 3.282732 |
| 4.5375 | 3.282663 |
| 4.55193 | 3.282594 |
| 4.56641 | 3.282526 |
| 4.58093 | 3.282458 |
| 4.5955 | 3.282391 |
| 4.61012 | 3.282324 |
| 4.62478 | 3.282258 |
| 4.63949 | 3.282192 |
| 4.65424 | 3.282126 |
| 4.66904 | 3.282061 |
| 4.68389 | 3.281996 |
| 4.69879 | 3.281932 |
| 4.71373 | 3.281868 |
| 4.72872 | 3.281804 |
| 4.74376 | 3.281741 |
| 4.75885 | 3.281678 |
| 4.77398 | 3.281616 |
| 4.78917 | 3.281554 |
| 4.8044 | 3.281492 |
| 4.81968 | 3.281431 |
| 4.83501 | 3.28137 |
| 4.85038 | 3.28131 |
| 4.86581 | 3.28125 |
| 4.88129 | 3.28119 |
| 4.89681 | 3.281131 |
| 4.91238 | 3.281072 |
| 4.92801 | 3.281014 |
| 4.94368 | 3.280956 |
| 4.9594 | 3.280898 |
| 4.97517 | 3.28084 |
| 4.991 | 3.280783 |
| 5.00687 | 3.280727 |
| 5.02279 | 3.280671 |
| 5.03877 | 3.280615 |
| 5.05479 | 3.280559 |
| 5.07087 | 3.280504 |
| 5.087 | 3.280449 |
| 5.10317 | 3.280395 |
| 5.1194 | 3.28034 |
| 5.13569 | 3.280287 |
| 5.15202 | 3.280233 |
| 5.1684 | 3.28018 |
| 5.18484 | 3.280127 |
| 5.20133 | 3.280075 |
| 5.21787 | 3.280023 |
| 5.23447 | 3.279971 |
| 5.25112 | 3.279919 |
| 5.26782 | 3.279868 |
| 5.28457 | 3.279817 |
| 5.30138 | 3.279767 |
| 5.31824 | 3.279717 |
| 5.33515 | 3.279667 |
| 5.35212 | 3.279618 |
| 5.36914 | 3.279568 |
| 5.38622 | 3.279519 |
| 5.40335 | 3.279471 |
| 5.42053 | 3.279423 |
| 5.43777 | 3.279375 |
| 5.45506 | 3.279327 |
| 5.47241 | 3.27928 |
| 5.48982 | 3.279233 |
| 5.50728 | 3.279186 |
| 5.52479 | 3.279139 |
| 5.54236 | 3.279093 |
| 5.55999 | 3.279047 |
| 5.57767 | 3.279002 |
| 5.59541 | 3.278957 |
| 5.61321 | 3.278912 |
| 5.63106 | 3.278867 |
| 5.64897 | 3.278823 |
| 5.66693 | 3.278778 |
| 5.68496 | 3.278735 |
| 5.70304 | 3.278691 |
| 5.72117 | 3.278648 |
| 5.73937 | 3.278605 |
| 5.75762 | 3.278562 |
| 5.77593 | 3.27852 |
| 5.7943 | 3.278477 |
| 5.81273 | 3.278435 |
| 5.83122 | 3.278394 |
| 5.84976 | 3.278352 |
| 5.86837 | 3.278311 |
| 5.88703 | 3.27827 |
| 5.90575 | 3.27823 |
| 5.92454 | 3.278189 |
| 5.94338 | 3.278149 |
| 5.96228 | 3.27811 |
| 5.98124 | 3.27807 |
| 6.00026 | 3.278031 |
| 6.01935 | 3.277992 |
| 6.03849 | 3.277953 |
| 6.0577 | 3.277914 |
| 6.07696 | 3.277876 |
| 6.09629 | 3.277838 |
| 6.11568 | 3.2778 |
| 6.13513 | 3.277762 |
| 6.15464 | 3.277725 |
| 6.17421 | 3.277688 |
| 6.19385 | 3.277651 |
| 6.21355 | 3.277614 |
| 6.23331 | 3.277578 |
| 6.25313 | 3.277542 |
| 6.27302 | 3.277506 |
| 6.29297 | 3.27747 |
| 6.31298 | 3.277434 |
| 6.33306 | 3.277399 |
| 6.3532 | 3.277364 |
| 6.37341 | 3.277329 |
| 6.39368 | 3.277295 |
| 6.41401 | 3.27726 |
| 6.43441 | 3.277226 |
| 6.45487 | 3.277192 |
| 6.4754 | 3.277158 |
| 6.496 | 3.277125 |
| 6.51666 | 3.277092 |
| 6.53738 | 3.277058 |
| 6.55817 | 3.277026 |
| 6.57903 | 3.276993 |
| 6.59995 | 3.27696 |
| 6.62094 | 3.276928 |
| 6.642 | 3.276896 |
| 6.66313 | 3.276864 |
| 6.68432 | 3.276833 |
| 6.70557 | 3.276801 |
| 6.7269 | 3.27677 |
| 6.74829 | 3.276739 |
| 6.76976 | 3.276708 |
| 6.79129 | 3.276677 |
| 6.81289 | 3.276647 |
| 6.83455 | 3.276617 |
| 6.85629 | 3.276587 |
| 6.87809 | 3.276557 |
| 6.89997 | 3.276527 |
| 6.92191 | 3.276497 |
| 6.94393 | 3.276468 |
| 6.96601 | 3.276439 |
| 6.98817 | 3.27641 |
| 7.01039 | 3.276381 |
| 7.03269 | 3.276353 |
| 7.05505 | 3.276324 |
| 7.07749 | 3.276296 |
| 7.1 | 3.276268 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
Relative standard uncertainty ≤3.3×10-4 over whole range. Optical measurements at 2.21 mbar and 22 °C.