Optical constants
Refractive index of In (Indium)
Golovashkin et al. 1967: n,k 0.55–10 µm; 295 K
- Data
- tabulated nk
- Range
- 0.55–10 µm
- Points
- 35
- Temperature
- 295 K
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 0.77144
- Extinction coefficient k
- 4.94064
- Permittivity ε1
- -23.8148
- Permittivity ε2
- 7.62281
- Absorption coefficient α
- 1.05660e+06 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- 18.9286 nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- 1.9 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- -0.345
- Group velocity dispersion
- — fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- — ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 2.11001 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# In (Indium): Golovashkin et al. 1967: n,k 0.55–10 µm; 295 K
in = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "In", "Golovashkin-295K", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(in.range_nm) # (550, 10000) nm
eps = in.eps([633]) # complex permittivityDownloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_f62717c71887/lightsmith"
in = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(in.source) # citation and provenance travel with the dataAny dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (in/golovashkin-1967-295k).
# ... load in as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=in)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=550, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelengthSame spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- temperature
- 295 K
References
Cite
A. I. Golovashkin, I. S. Levchenko, G. P. Motulevich, A .A. Shubin. The optical properties of indium, Sov. Phys. JETP 24, 1093-1100 (1967); Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
35 rows as published| λ (µm) | n | k |
|---|---|---|
| 0.55 | 0.7 | 4.7 |
| 0.6 | 0.795 | 5.02 |
| 0.65 | 0.9 | 5.42 |
| 0.7 | 1.01 | 5.83 |
| 0.72 | 1.07 | 6.0 |
| 0.74 | 1.13 | 6.18 |
| 0.75 | 1.17 | 6.26 |
| 0.76 | 1.19 | 6.31 |
| 0.8 | 1.32 | 6.6 |
| 0.85 | 1.45 | 6.78 |
| 0.9 | 1.59 | 7.18 |
| 0.95 | 1.72 | 7.44 |
| 1.0 | 1.81 | 7.77 |
| 1.1 | 1.84 | 8.38 |
| 1.2 | 1.87 | 9.0 |
| 1.3 | 1.95 | 9.7 |
| 1.4 | 2.06 | 10.35 |
| 1.5 | 2.19 | 11.0 |
| 1.6 | 2.33 | 11.8 |
| 1.7 | 2.49 | 12.5 |
| 1.8 | 2.64 | 13.1 |
| 1.9 | 2.8 | 13.8 |
| 2.0 | 2.97 | 14.5 |
| 2.1 | 3.13 | 15.0 |
| 2.2 | 3.3 | 15.6 |
| 2.4 | 3.65 | 16.9 |
| 2.5 | 3.81 | 17.6 |
| 2.6 | 4.0 | 18.3 |
| 3.0 | 4.7 | 20.9 |
| 3.5 | 6.0 | 23.9 |
| 4.0 | 7.27 | 26.7 |
| 5.0 | 9.77 | 32.2 |
| 6.0 | 12.4 | 37.2 |
| 8.0 | 18.4 | 45.3 |
| 10.0 | 24.8 | 51.9 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
295 K (21.85 °C)