Optical constants
Refractive index of In (Indium)
Golovashkin et al. 1967: n,k 0.55–10 µm; 4.2 K
- Data
- tabulated nk
- Range
- 0.55–10 µm
- Points
- 53
- Temperature
- 4.2 K
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 0.7514
- Extinction coefficient k
- 4.98576
- Permittivity ε1
- -24.2932
- Permittivity ε2
- 7.4926
- Absorption coefficient α
- 1.06625e+06 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- 18.7573 nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- 1.5 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- -0.13
- Group velocity dispersion
- — fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- — ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 2.11001 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# In (Indium): Golovashkin et al. 1967: n,k 0.55–10 µm; 4.2 K
in = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "In", "Golovashkin-4.2K", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(in.range_nm) # (550, 10000) nm
eps = in.eps([633]) # complex permittivityDownloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_06183343eb08/lightsmith"
in = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(in.source) # citation and provenance travel with the dataAny dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (in/golovashkin-1967-4-2k).
# ... load in as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=in)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=550, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelengthSame spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- temperature
- 4.2 K
References
Cite
A. I. Golovashkin, I. S. Levchenko, G. P. Motulevich, A .A. Shubin. The optical properties of indium, Sov. Phys. JETP 24, 1093-1100 (1967); Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
53 rows as published| λ (µm) | n | k |
|---|---|---|
| 0.55 | 0.695 | 4.7 |
| 0.6 | 0.77 | 5.08 |
| 0.65 | 0.835 | 5.5 |
| 0.7 | 0.99 | 6.0 |
| 0.72 | 1.09 | 6.2 |
| 0.74 | 1.2 | 6.4 |
| 0.75 | 1.26 | 6.45 |
| 0.76 | 1.33 | 6.5 |
| 0.8 | 1.59 | 6.65 |
| 0.82 | 1.65 | 6.68 |
| 0.85 | 1.71 | 6.72 |
| 0.9 | 1.73 | 6.85 |
| 0.95 | 1.65 | 7.0 |
| 1.0 | 1.49 | 7.25 |
| 1.05 | 1.41 | 7.6 |
| 1.1 | 1.35 | 8.0 |
| 1.15 | 1.31 | 8.42 |
| 1.2 | 1.28 | 8.88 |
| 1.25 | 1.28 | 9.24 |
| 1.3 | 1.3 | 9.6 |
| 1.35 | 1.32 | 9.95 |
| 1.4 | 1.35 | 10.3 |
| 1.45 | 1.36 | 10.6 |
| 1.5 | 1.39 | 10.9 |
| 1.55 | 1.45 | 11.45 |
| 1.6 | 1.48 | 11.9 |
| 1.65 | 1.52 | 12.2 |
| 1.7 | 1.56 | 12.6 |
| 1.75 | 1.61 | 12.9 |
| 1.8 | 1.65 | 13.2 |
| 1.85 | 1.7 | 13.55 |
| 1.9 | 1.75 | 13.8 |
| 1.93 | 1.78 | 14.2 |
| 2.0 | 1.84 | 14.6 |
| 2.05 | 1.88 | 14.8 |
| 2.1 | 1.92 | 15.0 |
| 2.15 | 1.96 | 15.3 |
| 2.2 | 1.98 | 15.6 |
| 2.25 | 1.99 | 16.0 |
| 2.3 | 2.0 | 16.2 |
| 2.35 | 2.0 | 16.5 |
| 2.4 | 1.99 | 16.8 |
| 2.45 | 1.97 | 17.2 |
| 2.5 | 1.95 | 17.5 |
| 2.55 | 1.93 | 17.8 |
| 2.6 | 1.92 | 18.25 |
| 3.0 | 1.9 | 20.9 |
| 3.5 | 2.05 | 23.9 |
| 4.0 | 2.3 | 26.7 |
| 5.0 | 3.1 | 32.7 |
| 6.0 | 4.2 | 38.7 |
| 8.0 | 7.5 | 50.6 |
| 10.0 | 13.5 | 62.3 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
4.2 K (-268.95 °C)