Optical constants
Refractive index of Ni (Nickel)
Ordal et al. 1987: n,k 0.667–286 µm
- Data
- tabulated nk
- Range
- 0.667–286 µm
- Points
- 52
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 12.4444
- Extinction coefficient k
- 47.5556
- Permittivity ε1
- -2106.67
- Permittivity ε2
- 1183.6
- Absorption coefficient α
- 433044 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- 46.1847 nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- 1.11111 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- -2.88889
- Group velocity dispersion
- — fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- — ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 0.0898436 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# Ni (Nickel): Ordal et al. 1987: n,k 0.667–286 µm
ni = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "Ni", "Ordal", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(ni.range_nm) # (667, 286000) nm
eps = ni.eps([13800]) # complex permittivityDownloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_5190a6668512/lightsmith"
ni = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(ni.source) # citation and provenance travel with the dataAny dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (ni/ordal-1987).
# ... load ni as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=ni)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=667, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelengthSame spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
References
- doi:10.1364/ao.26.000744 Optical properties of Au, Ni, and Pb at submillimeter wavelengths, Applied Optics (1987)
Cite
Mark A. Ordal, Robert J. Bell, Ralph W. Alexander, Larry L. Long and Marvin R. Querry. Optical properties of Au, Ni, and Pb at submillimeter wavelengths. Applied Optics, 26, 744 (1987), doi:10.1364/ao.26.000744; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
52 rows as published| λ (µm) | n | k |
|---|---|---|
| 0.667 | 2.15 | 3.88 |
| 0.714 | 2.25 | 4.11 |
| 0.769 | 2.4 | 4.34 |
| 0.833 | 2.56 | 4.57 |
| 0.909 | 2.69 | 4.8 |
| 1.0 | 2.82 | 5.11 |
| 1.05 | 2.87 | 5.28 |
| 1.11 | 2.95 | 5.48 |
| 1.18 | 2.99 | 5.7 |
| 1.25 | 3.05 | 5.98 |
| 1.33 | 3.14 | 6.3 |
| 1.43 | 3.23 | 6.65 |
| 1.54 | 3.36 | 7.05 |
| 1.67 | 3.51 | 7.49 |
| 1.82 | 3.64 | 8.01 |
| 2.0 | 3.83 | 8.63 |
| 2.11 | 3.95 | 8.95 |
| 2.22 | 4.03 | 9.3 |
| 2.35 | 4.06 | 9.73 |
| 2.5 | 4.16 | 10.2 |
| 2.67 | 4.28 | 10.8 |
| 2.86 | 4.4 | 11.4 |
| 3.08 | 4.53 | 12.1 |
| 3.33 | 4.67 | 12.9 |
| 3.64 | 4.79 | 13.9 |
| 4.0 | 4.95 | 15.1 |
| 4.44 | 5.11 | 16.6 |
| 5.0 | 5.3 | 18.5 |
| 5.71 | 5.45 | 21.0 |
| 6.67 | 6.05 | 24.4 |
| 8.0 | 7.12 | 29.0 |
| 10.0 | 8.42 | 35.7 |
| 11.1 | 9.55 | 39.5 |
| 12.5 | 11.0 | 43.8 |
| 14.3 | 13.0 | 49.0 |
| 16.7 | 15.2 | 55.5 |
| 20.0 | 18.1 | 64.6 |
| 22.2 | 20.0 | 70.7 |
| 25.0 | 22.5 | 78.1 |
| 28.6 | 25.6 | 87.8 |
| 33.3 | 30.8 | 101.0 |
| 40.0 | 39.1 | 117.0 |
| 44.4 | 45.1 | 127.0 |
| 50.0 | 52.7 | 139.0 |
| 57.1 | 62.5 | 153.0 |
| 66.7 | 75.1 | 170.0 |
| 80.0 | 92.0 | 191.0 |
| 100.0 | 116.0 | 219.0 |
| 125.0 | 144.0 | 250.0 |
| 154.0 | 176.0 | 279.0 |
| 200.0 | 219.0 | 317.0 |
| 286.0 | 286.0 | 375.0 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —