Optical constants
Refractive index of Soda lime glass
Nyakuchena et al. 2023: n 1.10–1.65 µm
- Data
- formula 5
- Range
- 1.1–1.65 µm
- Temperature
- 296 K
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 1.50605
- Extinction coefficient k
- 0
- Permittivity ε1
- 2.26818
- Permittivity ε2
- 0
- Absorption coefficient α
- 0 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- — nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -0.00949344 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 1.51886
- Group velocity dispersion
- 29.1763 fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- -30.1553 ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 0.918401 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# Soda lime glass: Nyakuchena et al. 2023: n 1.10–1.65 µm
soda_lime = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("glass", "soda-lime", "Nyakuchena", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(soda_lime.range_nm) # (1100, 1650) nm
eps = soda_lime.eps([1350]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_b88bbb2b917b/lightsmith"
soda_lime = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(soda_lime.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (soda-lime/nyakuchena-2023).
# ... load soda_lime as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=soda_lime)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=1100, stop_nm=1650, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Dispersion formula
Cauchy (formula 5), λ in µmValid from 1.1 to 1.65 µm.
Coefficients as stored
| Ci | Value |
|---|---|
| C1 | 1.5062 |
| C2 | -0.0018 |
| C3 | 2.0 |
| C4 | 0.0057 |
| C5 | -2.0 |
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- temperature
- 296 K
References
- doi:10.1039/d3cp03158f Refractive index dispersion measurement in the short-wave infrared range using synthetic phase microscopy, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (2023)
Cite
Melisa Nyakuchena, Cory Juntunen, Peter Shea and Yongjin Sung. Refractive index dispersion measurement in the short-wave infrared range using synthetic phase microscopy. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 25, 23141-23149 (2023), doi:10.1039/d3cp03158f; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library| λ (µm) | n |
|---|---|
| 1.1 | 1.508733 |
| 1.10112 | 1.508719 |
| 1.10224 | 1.508705 |
| 1.10336 | 1.508691 |
| 1.10448 | 1.508677 |
| 1.1056 | 1.508663 |
| 1.10673 | 1.508649 |
| 1.10785 | 1.508635 |
| 1.10898 | 1.508621 |
| 1.11011 | 1.508607 |
| 1.11124 | 1.508593 |
| 1.11237 | 1.508579 |
| 1.1135 | 1.508565 |
| 1.11463 | 1.508552 |
| 1.11576 | 1.508538 |
| 1.1169 | 1.508524 |
| 1.11803 | 1.50851 |
| 1.11917 | 1.508496 |
| 1.12031 | 1.508482 |
| 1.12145 | 1.508469 |
| 1.12259 | 1.508455 |
| 1.12373 | 1.508441 |
| 1.12487 | 1.508427 |
| 1.12601 | 1.508413 |
| 1.12716 | 1.5084 |
| 1.1283 | 1.508386 |
| 1.12945 | 1.508372 |
| 1.1306 | 1.508358 |
| 1.13175 | 1.508345 |
| 1.1329 | 1.508331 |
| 1.13405 | 1.508317 |
| 1.1352 | 1.508303 |
| 1.13636 | 1.50829 |
| 1.13751 | 1.508276 |
| 1.13867 | 1.508262 |
| 1.13983 | 1.508249 |
| 1.14099 | 1.508235 |
| 1.14215 | 1.508221 |
| 1.14331 | 1.508208 |
| 1.14447 | 1.508194 |
| 1.14563 | 1.50818 |
| 1.1468 | 1.508167 |
| 1.14796 | 1.508153 |
| 1.14913 | 1.50814 |
| 1.1503 | 1.508126 |
| 1.15147 | 1.508112 |
| 1.15264 | 1.508099 |
| 1.15381 | 1.508085 |
| 1.15499 | 1.508072 |
| 1.15616 | 1.508058 |
| 1.15734 | 1.508045 |
| 1.15851 | 1.508031 |
| 1.15969 | 1.508018 |
| 1.16087 | 1.508004 |
| 1.16205 | 1.50799 |
| 1.16323 | 1.507977 |
| 1.16441 | 1.507963 |
| 1.1656 | 1.50795 |
| 1.16678 | 1.507936 |
| 1.16797 | 1.507923 |
| 1.16916 | 1.507909 |
| 1.17035 | 1.507896 |
| 1.17153 | 1.507883 |
| 1.17273 | 1.507869 |
| 1.17392 | 1.507856 |
| 1.17511 | 1.507842 |
| 1.17631 | 1.507829 |
| 1.1775 | 1.507815 |
| 1.1787 | 1.507802 |
| 1.1799 | 1.507788 |
| 1.1811 | 1.507775 |
| 1.1823 | 1.507762 |
| 1.1835 | 1.507748 |
| 1.1847 | 1.507735 |
| 1.18591 | 1.507721 |
| 1.18711 | 1.507708 |
| 1.18832 | 1.507695 |
| 1.18953 | 1.507681 |
| 1.19074 | 1.507668 |
| 1.19195 | 1.507655 |
| 1.19316 | 1.507641 |
| 1.19437 | 1.507628 |
| 1.19559 | 1.507615 |
| 1.1968 | 1.507601 |
| 1.19802 | 1.507588 |
| 1.19924 | 1.507575 |
| 1.20046 | 1.507561 |
| 1.20168 | 1.507548 |
| 1.2029 | 1.507535 |
| 1.20412 | 1.507521 |
| 1.20535 | 1.507508 |
| 1.20657 | 1.507495 |
| 1.2078 | 1.507482 |
| 1.20903 | 1.507468 |
| 1.21026 | 1.507455 |
| 1.21149 | 1.507442 |
| 1.21272 | 1.507428 |
| 1.21395 | 1.507415 |
| 1.21519 | 1.507402 |
| 1.21642 | 1.507389 |
| 1.21766 | 1.507376 |
| 1.2189 | 1.507362 |
| 1.22014 | 1.507349 |
| 1.22138 | 1.507336 |
| 1.22262 | 1.507323 |
| 1.22386 | 1.507309 |
| 1.22511 | 1.507296 |
| 1.22635 | 1.507283 |
| 1.2276 | 1.50727 |
| 1.22885 | 1.507257 |
| 1.2301 | 1.507243 |
| 1.23135 | 1.50723 |
| 1.2326 | 1.507217 |
| 1.23385 | 1.507204 |
| 1.23511 | 1.507191 |
| 1.23636 | 1.507177 |
| 1.23762 | 1.507164 |
| 1.23888 | 1.507151 |
| 1.24014 | 1.507138 |
| 1.2414 | 1.507125 |
| 1.24266 | 1.507112 |
| 1.24392 | 1.507099 |
| 1.24519 | 1.507085 |
| 1.24645 | 1.507072 |
| 1.24772 | 1.507059 |
| 1.24899 | 1.507046 |
| 1.25026 | 1.507033 |
| 1.25153 | 1.50702 |
| 1.2528 | 1.507007 |
| 1.25408 | 1.506993 |
| 1.25535 | 1.50698 |
| 1.25663 | 1.506967 |
| 1.25791 | 1.506954 |
| 1.25919 | 1.506941 |
| 1.26047 | 1.506928 |
| 1.26175 | 1.506915 |
| 1.26303 | 1.506902 |
| 1.26431 | 1.506889 |
| 1.2656 | 1.506875 |
| 1.26689 | 1.506862 |
| 1.26817 | 1.506849 |
| 1.26946 | 1.506836 |
| 1.27075 | 1.506823 |
| 1.27205 | 1.50681 |
| 1.27334 | 1.506797 |
| 1.27463 | 1.506784 |
| 1.27593 | 1.506771 |
| 1.27723 | 1.506758 |
| 1.27853 | 1.506745 |
| 1.27983 | 1.506732 |
| 1.28113 | 1.506719 |
| 1.28243 | 1.506706 |
| 1.28373 | 1.506692 |
| 1.28504 | 1.506679 |
| 1.28635 | 1.506666 |
| 1.28765 | 1.506653 |
| 1.28896 | 1.50664 |
| 1.29027 | 1.506627 |
| 1.29159 | 1.506614 |
| 1.2929 | 1.506601 |
| 1.29421 | 1.506588 |
| 1.29553 | 1.506575 |
| 1.29685 | 1.506562 |
| 1.29816 | 1.506549 |
| 1.29948 | 1.506536 |
| 1.30081 | 1.506523 |
| 1.30213 | 1.50651 |
| 1.30345 | 1.506497 |
| 1.30478 | 1.506484 |
| 1.3061 | 1.506471 |
| 1.30743 | 1.506458 |
| 1.30876 | 1.506445 |
| 1.31009 | 1.506432 |
| 1.31142 | 1.506419 |
| 1.31276 | 1.506406 |
| 1.31409 | 1.506393 |
| 1.31543 | 1.506379 |
| 1.31677 | 1.506366 |
| 1.3181 | 1.506353 |
| 1.31944 | 1.50634 |
| 1.32079 | 1.506327 |
| 1.32213 | 1.506314 |
| 1.32347 | 1.506301 |
| 1.32482 | 1.506288 |
| 1.32617 | 1.506275 |
| 1.32751 | 1.506262 |
| 1.32886 | 1.506249 |
| 1.33021 | 1.506236 |
| 1.33157 | 1.506223 |
| 1.33292 | 1.50621 |
| 1.33428 | 1.506197 |
| 1.33563 | 1.506184 |
| 1.33699 | 1.506171 |
| 1.33835 | 1.506158 |
| 1.33971 | 1.506145 |
| 1.34107 | 1.506132 |
| 1.34244 | 1.506119 |
| 1.3438 | 1.506106 |
| 1.34517 | 1.506093 |
| 1.34654 | 1.50608 |
| 1.3479 | 1.506067 |
| 1.34927 | 1.506054 |
| 1.35065 | 1.506041 |
| 1.35202 | 1.506028 |
| 1.35339 | 1.506015 |
| 1.35477 | 1.506002 |
| 1.35615 | 1.505989 |
| 1.35753 | 1.505976 |
| 1.35891 | 1.505963 |
| 1.36029 | 1.50595 |
| 1.36167 | 1.505937 |
| 1.36306 | 1.505924 |
| 1.36444 | 1.505911 |
| 1.36583 | 1.505898 |
| 1.36722 | 1.505885 |
| 1.36861 | 1.505872 |
| 1.37 | 1.505859 |
| 1.37139 | 1.505845 |
| 1.37279 | 1.505832 |
| 1.37418 | 1.505819 |
| 1.37558 | 1.505806 |
| 1.37698 | 1.505793 |
| 1.37838 | 1.50578 |
| 1.37978 | 1.505767 |
| 1.38118 | 1.505754 |
| 1.38259 | 1.505741 |
| 1.38399 | 1.505728 |
| 1.3854 | 1.505715 |
| 1.38681 | 1.505702 |
| 1.38822 | 1.505689 |
| 1.38963 | 1.505676 |
| 1.39104 | 1.505663 |
| 1.39246 | 1.50565 |
| 1.39387 | 1.505637 |
| 1.39529 | 1.505624 |
| 1.39671 | 1.50561 |
| 1.39813 | 1.505597 |
| 1.39955 | 1.505584 |
| 1.40097 | 1.505571 |
| 1.4024 | 1.505558 |
| 1.40382 | 1.505545 |
| 1.40525 | 1.505532 |
| 1.40668 | 1.505519 |
| 1.40811 | 1.505506 |
| 1.40954 | 1.505493 |
| 1.41097 | 1.50548 |
| 1.41241 | 1.505466 |
| 1.41384 | 1.505453 |
| 1.41528 | 1.50544 |
| 1.41672 | 1.505427 |
| 1.41816 | 1.505414 |
| 1.4196 | 1.505401 |
| 1.42105 | 1.505388 |
| 1.42249 | 1.505375 |
| 1.42394 | 1.505362 |
| 1.42539 | 1.505348 |
| 1.42683 | 1.505335 |
| 1.42828 | 1.505322 |
| 1.42974 | 1.505309 |
| 1.43119 | 1.505296 |
| 1.43265 | 1.505283 |
| 1.4341 | 1.50527 |
| 1.43556 | 1.505256 |
| 1.43702 | 1.505243 |
| 1.43848 | 1.50523 |
| 1.43994 | 1.505217 |
| 1.44141 | 1.505204 |
| 1.44287 | 1.505191 |
| 1.44434 | 1.505177 |
| 1.44581 | 1.505164 |
| 1.44728 | 1.505151 |
| 1.44875 | 1.505138 |
| 1.45022 | 1.505125 |
| 1.4517 | 1.505111 |
| 1.45317 | 1.505098 |
| 1.45465 | 1.505085 |
| 1.45613 | 1.505072 |
| 1.45761 | 1.505058 |
| 1.45909 | 1.505045 |
| 1.46058 | 1.505032 |
| 1.46206 | 1.505019 |
| 1.46355 | 1.505006 |
| 1.46504 | 1.504992 |
| 1.46653 | 1.504979 |
| 1.46802 | 1.504966 |
| 1.46951 | 1.504953 |
| 1.471 | 1.504939 |
| 1.4725 | 1.504926 |
| 1.474 | 1.504913 |
| 1.47549 | 1.504899 |
| 1.47699 | 1.504886 |
| 1.4785 | 1.504873 |
| 1.48 | 1.50486 |
| 1.4815 | 1.504846 |
| 1.48301 | 1.504833 |
| 1.48452 | 1.50482 |
| 1.48603 | 1.504806 |
| 1.48754 | 1.504793 |
| 1.48905 | 1.50478 |
| 1.49056 | 1.504766 |
| 1.49208 | 1.504753 |
| 1.4936 | 1.50474 |
| 1.49512 | 1.504726 |
| 1.49664 | 1.504713 |
| 1.49816 | 1.5047 |
| 1.49968 | 1.504686 |
| 1.50121 | 1.504673 |
| 1.50273 | 1.504659 |
| 1.50426 | 1.504646 |
| 1.50579 | 1.504633 |
| 1.50732 | 1.504619 |
| 1.50885 | 1.504606 |
| 1.51039 | 1.504592 |
| 1.51192 | 1.504579 |
| 1.51346 | 1.504565 |
| 1.515 | 1.504552 |
| 1.51654 | 1.504539 |
| 1.51808 | 1.504525 |
| 1.51962 | 1.504512 |
| 1.52117 | 1.504498 |
| 1.52272 | 1.504485 |
| 1.52426 | 1.504471 |
| 1.52581 | 1.504458 |
| 1.52736 | 1.504444 |
| 1.52892 | 1.504431 |
| 1.53047 | 1.504417 |
| 1.53203 | 1.504404 |
| 1.53359 | 1.50439 |
| 1.53515 | 1.504377 |
| 1.53671 | 1.504363 |
| 1.53827 | 1.50435 |
| 1.53983 | 1.504336 |
| 1.5414 | 1.504322 |
| 1.54296 | 1.504309 |
| 1.54453 | 1.504295 |
| 1.5461 | 1.504282 |
| 1.54768 | 1.504268 |
| 1.54925 | 1.504255 |
| 1.55082 | 1.504241 |
| 1.5524 | 1.504227 |
| 1.55398 | 1.504214 |
| 1.55556 | 1.5042 |
| 1.55714 | 1.504186 |
| 1.55872 | 1.504173 |
| 1.56031 | 1.504159 |
| 1.5619 | 1.504145 |
| 1.56348 | 1.504132 |
| 1.56507 | 1.504118 |
| 1.56666 | 1.504104 |
| 1.56826 | 1.504091 |
| 1.56985 | 1.504077 |
| 1.57145 | 1.504063 |
| 1.57305 | 1.504049 |
| 1.57465 | 1.504036 |
| 1.57625 | 1.504022 |
| 1.57785 | 1.504008 |
| 1.57945 | 1.503994 |
| 1.58106 | 1.503981 |
| 1.58267 | 1.503967 |
| 1.58428 | 1.503953 |
| 1.58589 | 1.503939 |
| 1.5875 | 1.503925 |
| 1.58911 | 1.503912 |
| 1.59073 | 1.503898 |
| 1.59235 | 1.503884 |
| 1.59396 | 1.50387 |
| 1.59559 | 1.503856 |
| 1.59721 | 1.503842 |
| 1.59883 | 1.503829 |
| 1.60046 | 1.503815 |
| 1.60208 | 1.503801 |
| 1.60371 | 1.503787 |
| 1.60534 | 1.503773 |
| 1.60698 | 1.503759 |
| 1.60861 | 1.503745 |
| 1.61025 | 1.503731 |
| 1.61188 | 1.503717 |
| 1.61352 | 1.503703 |
| 1.61516 | 1.503689 |
| 1.6168 | 1.503675 |
| 1.61845 | 1.503661 |
| 1.62009 | 1.503647 |
| 1.62174 | 1.503633 |
| 1.62339 | 1.503619 |
| 1.62504 | 1.503605 |
| 1.62669 | 1.503591 |
| 1.62835 | 1.503577 |
| 1.63 | 1.503563 |
| 1.63166 | 1.503549 |
| 1.63332 | 1.503535 |
| 1.63498 | 1.503521 |
| 1.63664 | 1.503507 |
| 1.6383 | 1.503492 |
| 1.63997 | 1.503478 |
| 1.64164 | 1.503464 |
| 1.64331 | 1.50345 |
| 1.64498 | 1.503436 |
| 1.64665 | 1.503422 |
| 1.64832 | 1.503407 |
| 1.65 | 1.503393 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
Glass microspheres. 23 °C