Optical constants
Refractive index of Soda lime glass
Vogt et al. 2016: 10 ppm Fe2O3; n,k 0.25–1.7 µm
- Data
- tabulated nk
- Range
- 0.25–1.7 µm
- Points
- 146
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 1.514
- Extinction coefficient k
- 4.04280e-08
- Permittivity ε1
- 2.2922
- Permittivity ε2
- 1.22416e-07
- Absorption coefficient α
- 0.0086459 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- 2.31323e+09 nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- 0 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 1.514
- Group velocity dispersion
- — fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- — ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 2.11001 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# Soda lime glass: Vogt et al. 2016: 10 ppm Fe2O3; n,k 0.25–1.7 µm
soda_lime = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("glass", "soda-lime", "Vogt-10ppm", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(soda_lime.range_nm) # (250, 1700) nm
eps = soda_lime.eps([633]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_e5fd59d57c6b/lightsmith"
soda_lime = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(soda_lime.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (soda-lime/vogt-2016-10ppm).
# ... load soda_lime as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=soda_lime)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Comments and conditions
References
2) M. R. Vogt. Development of physical models for the simulation of optical properties of solar cell modules. PhD. Thesis (2015)
- doi:10.1109/jphotov.2015.2498043 Measurement of the Optical Constants of Soda-Lime Glasses in Dependence of Iron Content and Modeling of Iron-Related Power Losses in Crystalline Si Solar Cell Modules, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics (2016)
Cite
Malte Ruben Vogt et al.. Measurement of the Optical Constants of Soda-Lime Glasses in Dependence of Iron Content and Modeling of Iron-Related Power Losses in Crystalline Si Solar Cell Modules. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 6, 111-118 (2016), doi:10.1109/jphotov.2015.2498043; M. R. Vogt. Development of physical models for the simulation of optical properties of solar cell modules. PhD. Thesis (2015); Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
146 rows as published| λ (µm) | n | k |
|---|---|---|
| 0.25 | 1.589 | 5.97e-06 |
| 0.26 | 1.582 | 6.12e-06 |
| 0.27 | 1.574 | 6.22e-06 |
| 0.28 | 1.568 | 6.42e-06 |
| 0.29 | 1.562 | 6.59e-06 |
| 0.3 | 1.557 | 6.24e-06 |
| 0.31 | 1.553 | 4.77e-06 |
| 0.32 | 1.549 | 2.73e-06 |
| 0.33 | 1.546 | 1.21e-06 |
| 0.34 | 1.543 | 4.52e-07 |
| 0.35 | 1.54 | 1.7e-07 |
| 0.36 | 1.538 | 8.86e-08 |
| 0.37 | 1.536 | 6.94e-08 |
| 0.38 | 1.534 | 6.55e-08 |
| 0.39 | 1.532 | 5.65e-08 |
| 0.4 | 1.53 | 4.27e-08 |
| 0.41 | 1.529 | 3.54e-08 |
| 0.42 | 1.527 | 3.43e-08 |
| 0.43 | 1.526 | 3.64e-08 |
| 0.44 | 1.525 | 3.77e-08 |
| 0.45 | 1.524 | 3.7e-08 |
| 0.46 | 1.523 | 3.56e-08 |
| 0.47 | 1.522 | 3.25e-08 |
| 0.48 | 1.521 | 2.83e-08 |
| 0.49 | 1.52 | 2.58e-08 |
| 0.5 | 1.519 | 2.54e-08 |
| 0.51 | 1.518 | 2.54e-08 |
| 0.52 | 1.518 | 2.56e-08 |
| 0.53 | 1.517 | 2.53e-08 |
| 0.54 | 1.516 | 2.51e-08 |
| 0.55 | 1.516 | 2.62e-08 |
| 0.56 | 1.515 | 2.87e-08 |
| 0.57 | 1.515 | 3.35e-08 |
| 0.58 | 1.514 | 3.83e-08 |
| 0.59 | 1.514 | 4.11e-08 |
| 0.6 | 1.513 | 4.38e-08 |
| 0.61 | 1.513 | 4.82e-08 |
| 0.62 | 1.512 | 5.33e-08 |
| 0.63 | 1.512 | 5.79e-08 |
| 0.64 | 1.512 | 6.23e-08 |
| 0.65 | 1.511 | 7.03e-08 |
| 0.66 | 1.511 | 7.93e-08 |
| 0.67 | 1.511 | 8.41e-08 |
| 0.68 | 1.51 | 8.85e-08 |
| 0.69 | 1.51 | 9.58e-08 |
| 0.7 | 1.51 | 1.05e-07 |
| 0.71 | 1.51 | 1.13e-07 |
| 0.72 | 1.509 | 1.2e-07 |
| 0.73 | 1.509 | 1.3e-07 |
| 0.74 | 1.509 | 1.42e-07 |
| 0.75 | 1.509 | 1.52e-07 |
| 0.76 | 1.508 | 1.62e-07 |
| 0.77 | 1.508 | 1.74e-07 |
| 0.78 | 1.508 | 1.85e-07 |
| 0.79 | 1.508 | 1.95e-07 |
| 0.8 | 1.508 | 2.04e-07 |
| 0.81 | 1.508 | 2.15e-07 |
| 0.82 | 1.507 | 2.25e-07 |
| 0.83 | 1.507 | 2.36e-07 |
| 0.84 | 1.507 | 2.47e-07 |
| 0.85 | 1.507 | 2.57e-07 |
| 0.86 | 1.507 | 2.67e-07 |
| 0.87 | 1.507 | 2.77e-07 |
| 0.88 | 1.506 | 2.86e-07 |
| 0.89 | 1.506 | 2.94e-07 |
| 0.9 | 1.506 | 3.02e-07 |
| 0.91 | 1.506 | 3.09e-07 |
| 0.92 | 1.506 | 3.17e-07 |
| 0.93 | 1.506 | 3.23e-07 |
| 0.94 | 1.506 | 3.3e-07 |
| 0.95 | 1.506 | 3.36e-07 |
| 0.96 | 1.506 | 3.42e-07 |
| 0.97 | 1.505 | 3.47e-07 |
| 0.98 | 1.505 | 3.53e-07 |
| 0.99 | 1.505 | 3.57e-07 |
| 1.0 | 1.505 | 3.62e-07 |
| 1.01 | 1.505 | 3.68e-07 |
| 1.02 | 1.505 | 3.73e-07 |
| 1.03 | 1.505 | 3.78e-07 |
| 1.04 | 1.505 | 3.84e-07 |
| 1.05 | 1.505 | 3.88e-07 |
| 1.06 | 1.505 | 3.92e-07 |
| 1.07 | 1.505 | 3.97e-07 |
| 1.08 | 1.505 | 4e-07 |
| 1.09 | 1.504 | 4.03e-07 |
| 1.1 | 1.504 | 4.07e-07 |
| 1.11 | 1.504 | 4.09e-07 |
| 1.12 | 1.504 | 4.11e-07 |
| 1.13 | 1.504 | 4.13e-07 |
| 1.14 | 1.504 | 4.15e-07 |
| 1.15 | 1.504 | 4.17e-07 |
| 1.16 | 1.504 | 4.18e-07 |
| 1.17 | 1.504 | 4.19e-07 |
| 1.18 | 1.504 | 4.21e-07 |
| 1.19 | 1.504 | 4.21e-07 |
| 1.2 | 1.504 | 4.21e-07 |
| 1.21 | 1.504 | 4.21e-07 |
| 1.22 | 1.504 | 4.19e-07 |
| 1.23 | 1.504 | 4.18e-07 |
| 1.24 | 1.504 | 4.17e-07 |
| 1.25 | 1.504 | 4.15e-07 |
| 1.26 | 1.504 | 4.14e-07 |
| 1.27 | 1.503 | 4.12e-07 |
| 1.28 | 1.503 | 4.1e-07 |
| 1.29 | 1.503 | 4.08e-07 |
| 1.3 | 1.503 | 4.04e-07 |
| 1.31 | 1.503 | 4.02e-07 |
| 1.32 | 1.503 | 3.99e-07 |
| 1.33 | 1.503 | 3.96e-07 |
| 1.34 | 1.503 | 3.92e-07 |
| 1.35 | 1.503 | 3.89e-07 |
| 1.36 | 1.503 | 3.86e-07 |
| 1.37 | 1.503 | 3.83e-07 |
| 1.38 | 1.503 | 3.8e-07 |
| 1.39 | 1.503 | 3.76e-07 |
| 1.4 | 1.503 | 3.73e-07 |
| 1.41 | 1.503 | 3.69e-07 |
| 1.42 | 1.503 | 3.64e-07 |
| 1.43 | 1.503 | 3.59e-07 |
| 1.44 | 1.503 | 3.54e-07 |
| 1.45 | 1.503 | 3.48e-07 |
| 1.46 | 1.503 | 3.43e-07 |
| 1.47 | 1.503 | 3.36e-07 |
| 1.48 | 1.503 | 3.32e-07 |
| 1.49 | 1.503 | 3.27e-07 |
| 1.5 | 1.503 | 3.22e-07 |
| 1.51 | 1.503 | 3.18e-07 |
| 1.52 | 1.503 | 3.15e-07 |
| 1.53 | 1.503 | 3.12e-07 |
| 1.54 | 1.503 | 3.07e-07 |
| 1.55 | 1.503 | 3.04e-07 |
| 1.56 | 1.503 | 2.99e-07 |
| 1.57 | 1.503 | 2.94e-07 |
| 1.58 | 1.502 | 2.9e-07 |
| 1.59 | 1.502 | 2.86e-07 |
| 1.6 | 1.502 | 2.81e-07 |
| 1.61 | 1.502 | 2.77e-07 |
| 1.62 | 1.502 | 2.75e-07 |
| 1.63 | 1.502 | 2.73e-07 |
| 1.64 | 1.502 | 2.73e-07 |
| 1.65 | 1.502 | 2.75e-07 |
| 1.66 | 1.502 | 2.8e-07 |
| 1.67 | 1.502 | 2.87e-07 |
| 1.68 | 1.502 | 2.94e-07 |
| 1.69 | 1.502 | 3.03e-07 |
| 1.7 | 1.502 | 3.13e-07 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
Fe2O3 content 0.01‰ (10 ppm). Room temperature.