Optical constants

Refractive index of Ti (Titanium)

Rakić et al. 1998: Lorentz-Drude model; n,k 0.248–31.0 µm

Data: tabulated nk
Range: 0.248–31 µm
Points: 1000
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.91375
Extinction coefficient k: 3.07288

Permittivity ε₁: -5.78016
Permittivity ε₂: 11.7614

Absorption coefficient α: 657164 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): 30.4338 nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: 3.10954 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 0.0865806
Group velocity dispersion: — fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: — ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# Ti (Titanium): Rakić et al. 1998: Lorentz-Drude model; n,k 0.248–31.0 µm
ti = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "Ti", "Rakic-LD", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(ti.range_nm)  # (247.97, 30996) nm
eps = ti.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_202b38420517/lightsmith"
ti = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(ti.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (ti/rakic-1998-ld).

# ... load ti as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=ti)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

Fit of experimental data from several sources to Lorentz-Drude (LD) model

References

A. D. Rakić, A. B. Djurišic, J. M. Elazar, M. L. Majewski. Optical properties of metallic films for vertical-cavity optoelectronic devices. Appl. Opt. 37, 5271-5283 (1998)
[Calculation script (Python)]

doi:10.1364/ao.37.005271 Optical properties of metallic films for vertical-cavity optoelectronic devices, Applied Optics (1998)

Cite

Aleksandar D. Rakić, Aleksandra B. Djurišić, Jovan M. Elazar and Marian L. Majewski. Optical properties of metallic films for vertical-cavity optoelectronic devices. Applied Optics, 37, 5271 (1998), doi:10.1364/ao.37.005271; [Calculation script (Python)]; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

1000 rows as published

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

Ti (Titanium), Rakić et al. 1998: Lorentz-Drude model; n,k 0.248–31.0 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n	k
0.24797	0.44635	1.5069
0.24917	0.44979	1.5166
0.25038	0.45327	1.5263
0.25159	0.45679	1.5361
0.25281	0.46035	1.5458
0.25403	0.46395	1.5556
0.25526	0.46759	1.5654
0.2565	0.47127	1.5753
0.25774	0.475	1.5851
0.25899	0.47876	1.595
0.26025	0.48257	1.6049
0.26151	0.48642	1.6148
0.26278	0.49032	1.6247
0.26405	0.49425	1.6346
0.26533	0.49824	1.6446
0.26661	0.50226	1.6546
0.2679	0.50633	1.6646
0.2692	0.51045	1.6746
0.27051	0.51461	1.6847
0.27182	0.51882	1.6948
0.27313	0.52308	1.7048
0.27446	0.52738	1.715
0.27579	0.53173	1.7251
0.27712	0.53613	1.7352
0.27847	0.54058	1.7454
0.27982	0.54508	1.7556
0.28117	0.54963	1.7658
0.28253	0.55422	1.7761
0.2839	0.55887	1.7863
0.28528	0.56357	1.7966
0.28666	0.56833	1.8069
0.28805	0.57313	1.8172
0.28944	0.57799	1.8275
0.29085	0.58291	1.8379
0.29226	0.58788	1.8483
0.29367	0.5929	1.8587
0.29509	0.59798	1.8691
0.29652	0.60312	1.8795
0.29796	0.60831	1.89
0.2994	0.61356	1.9005
0.30085	0.61888	1.911
0.30231	0.62425	1.9215
0.30378	0.62968	1.932
0.30525	0.63517	1.9426
0.30673	0.64072	1.9531
0.30821	0.64634	1.9637
0.30971	0.65202	1.9743
0.31121	0.65776	1.9849
0.31272	0.66357	1.9956
0.31423	0.66944	2.0062
0.31575	0.67538	2.0169
0.31728	0.68139	2.0276
0.31882	0.68746	2.0383
0.32036	0.6936	2.049
0.32192	0.69982	2.0597
0.32348	0.7061	2.0704
0.32504	0.71246	2.0812
0.32662	0.71888	2.092
0.3282	0.72538	2.1027
0.32979	0.73196	2.1135
0.33139	0.73861	2.1243
0.33299	0.74533	2.1351
0.33461	0.75213	2.1459
0.33623	0.75901	2.1568
0.33786	0.76597	2.1676
0.33949	0.773	2.1784
0.34114	0.78012	2.1893
0.34279	0.78731	2.2001
0.34445	0.79459	2.211
0.34612	0.80195	2.2218
0.3478	0.8094	2.2327
0.34948	0.81693	2.2435
0.35118	0.82454	2.2543
0.35288	0.83225	2.2652
0.35459	0.84003	2.276
0.35631	0.84791	2.2868
0.35803	0.85587	2.2977
0.35977	0.86393	2.3085
0.36151	0.87207	2.3193
0.36326	0.8803	2.3301
0.36502	0.88863	2.3408
0.36679	0.89705	2.3516
0.36857	0.90556	2.3623
0.37035	0.91416	2.3731
0.37215	0.92286	2.3838
0.37395	0.93165	2.3944
0.37576	0.94053	2.4051
0.37758	0.94952	2.4157
0.37941	0.95859	2.4263
0.38125	0.96776	2.4369
0.3831	0.97703	2.4474
0.38495	0.98639	2.4579
0.38682	0.99585	2.4683
0.38869	1.0054	2.4787
0.39057	1.0151	2.4891
0.39247	1.0248	2.4994
0.39437	1.0346	2.5097
0.39628	1.0446	2.5199
0.3982	1.0546	2.53
0.40013	1.0647	2.5401
0.40207	1.0749	2.5501
0.40401	1.0852	2.5601
0.40597	1.0956	2.57
0.40794	1.1061	2.5798
0.40991	1.1166	2.5896
0.4119	1.1273	2.5993
0.4139	1.138	2.6089
0.4159	1.1488	2.6184
0.41792	1.1597	2.6278
0.41994	1.1707	2.6371
0.42198	1.1818	2.6464
0.42402	1.1929	2.6556
0.42607	1.2041	2.6646
0.42814	1.2153	2.6736
0.43021	1.2266	2.6824
0.4323	1.238	2.6912
0.43439	1.2494	2.6999
0.4365	1.2609	2.7084
0.43861	1.2725	2.7168
0.44074	1.284	2.7252
0.44287	1.2957	2.7334
0.44502	1.3073	2.7415
0.44717	1.319	2.7494
0.44934	1.3307	2.7573
0.45152	1.3425	2.765
0.4537	1.3542	2.7727
0.4559	1.366	2.7802
0.45811	1.3778	2.7876
0.46033	1.3896	2.7948
0.46256	1.4013	2.802
0.4648	1.4131	2.809
0.46705	1.4249	2.8159
0.46932	1.4366	2.8227
0.47159	1.4484	2.8294
0.47387	1.4601	2.8359
0.47617	1.4717	2.8424
0.47848	1.4834	2.8487
0.4808	1.495	2.855
0.48313	1.5065	2.8611
0.48547	1.518	2.8671
0.48782	1.5295	2.8731
0.49018	1.5409	2.8789
0.49256	1.5522	2.8846
0.49494	1.5635	2.8903
0.49734	1.5747	2.8959
0.49975	1.5858	2.9014
0.50217	1.5969	2.9068
0.5046	1.6079	2.9122
0.50705	1.6188	2.9175
0.50951	1.6296	2.9227
0.51197	1.6403	2.9279
0.51445	1.651	2.933
0.51695	1.6616	2.9381
0.51945	1.6721	2.9432
0.52197	1.6825	2.9482
0.5245	1.6928	2.9532
0.52704	1.703	2.9582
0.52959	1.7131	2.9631
0.53216	1.7232	2.9681
0.53474	1.7332	2.973
0.53733	1.7431	2.9779
0.53993	1.7529	2.9828
0.54254	1.7626	2.9878
0.54517	1.7723	2.9927
0.54781	1.7818	2.9977
0.55047	1.7913	3.0026
0.55314	1.8008	3.0076
0.55582	1.8101	3.0126
0.55851	1.8194	3.0177
0.56121	1.8286	3.0227
0.56393	1.8378	3.0278
0.56667	1.8469	3.033
0.56941	1.856	3.0381
0.57217	1.865	3.0434
0.57494	1.8739	3.0486
0.57773	1.8828	3.0539
0.58053	1.8917	3.0593
0.58334	1.9005	3.0647
0.58617	1.9093	3.0701
0.589	1.9181	3.0756
0.59186	1.9268	3.0812
0.59473	1.9355	3.0867
0.59761	1.9442	3.0924
0.6005	1.9529	3.0981
0.60341	1.9615	3.1038
0.60634	1.9702	3.1097
0.60927	1.9788	3.1155
0.61222	1.9874	3.1214
0.61519	1.996	3.1274
0.61817	2.0047	3.1334
0.62117	2.0133	3.1394
0.62418	2.0219	3.1455
0.6272	2.0305	3.1517
0.63024	2.0391	3.1579
0.63329	2.0478	3.1642
0.63636	2.0564	3.1705
0.63944	2.0651	3.1768
0.64254	2.0737	3.1832
0.64565	2.0824	3.1896
0.64878	2.0911	3.1961
0.65193	2.0999	3.2026
0.65508	2.1086	3.2091
0.65826	2.1174	3.2157
0.66145	2.1262	3.2223
0.66465	2.135	3.229
0.66787	2.1438	3.2356
0.67111	2.1527	3.2424
0.67436	2.1616	3.2491
0.67763	2.1705	3.2559
0.68091	2.1795	3.2627
0.68421	2.1885	3.2695
0.68752	2.1975	3.2763
0.69085	2.2066	3.2832
0.6942	2.2156	3.2901
0.69756	2.2248	3.297
0.70094	2.2339	3.3039
0.70434	2.2431	3.3108
0.70775	2.2523	3.3178
0.71118	2.2615	3.3248
0.71463	2.2708	3.3317
0.71809	2.2801	3.3387
0.72157	2.2895	3.3457
0.72506	2.2988	3.3528
0.72858	2.3082	3.3598
0.73211	2.3177	3.3668
0.73565	2.3271	3.3738
0.73922	2.3366	3.3809
0.7428	2.3461	3.3879
0.7464	2.3557	3.395
0.75001	2.3653	3.402
0.75365	2.3749	3.4091
0.7573	2.3846	3.4161
0.76097	2.3942	3.4231
0.76465	2.4039	3.4302
0.76836	2.4137	3.4372
0.77208	2.4234	3.4443
0.77582	2.4332	3.4513
0.77958	2.443	3.4583
0.78336	2.4528	3.4654
0.78715	2.4627	3.4724
0.79097	2.4726	3.4794
0.7948	2.4825	3.4864
0.79865	2.4924	3.4934
0.80252	2.5024	3.5004
0.80641	2.5123	3.5074
0.81031	2.5223	3.5143
0.81424	2.5323	3.5213
0.81819	2.5424	3.5282
0.82215	2.5524	3.5352
0.82613	2.5625	3.5421
0.83013	2.5726	3.549
0.83416	2.5827	3.5559
0.8382	2.5928	3.5628
0.84226	2.6029	3.5697
0.84634	2.6131	3.5766
0.85044	2.6232	3.5835
0.85456	2.6334	3.5903
0.8587	2.6436	3.5972
0.86286	2.6538	3.604
0.86704	2.664	3.6108
0.87124	2.6742	3.6176
0.87546	2.6844	3.6244
0.8797	2.6946	3.6312
0.88397	2.7049	3.6379
0.88825	2.7151	3.6447
0.89255	2.7254	3.6514
0.89688	2.7357	3.6581
0.90122	2.7459	3.6649
0.90559	2.7562	3.6716
0.90998	2.7665	3.6782
0.91438	2.7767	3.6849
0.91881	2.787	3.6916
0.92327	2.7973	3.6982
0.92774	2.8076	3.7049
0.93223	2.8179	3.7115
0.93675	2.8282	3.7181
0.94129	2.8384	3.7248
0.94585	2.8487	3.7314
0.95043	2.859	3.7379
0.95504	2.8693	3.7445
0.95966	2.8796	3.7511
0.96431	2.8898	3.7577
0.96898	2.9001	3.7642
0.97368	2.9104	3.7708
0.9784	2.9206	3.7773
0.98314	2.9309	3.7838
0.9879	2.9411	3.7903
0.99269	2.9514	3.7968
0.9975	2.9616	3.8033
1.0023	2.9718	3.8098
1.0072	2.982	3.8163
1.0121	2.9922	3.8228
1.017	3.0025	3.8293
1.0219	3.0126	3.8357
1.0268	3.0228	3.8422
1.0318	3.033	3.8487
1.0368	3.0432	3.8551
1.0418	3.0533	3.8616
1.0469	3.0635	3.868
1.052	3.0736	3.8745
1.0571	3.0837	3.8809
1.0622	3.0938	3.8874
1.0673	3.1039	3.8938
1.0725	3.114	3.9002
1.0777	3.124	3.9067
1.0829	3.1341	3.9131
1.0882	3.1441	3.9195
1.0934	3.1541	3.926
1.0987	3.1642	3.9324
1.1041	3.1741	3.9388
1.1094	3.1841	3.9453
1.1148	3.1941	3.9517
1.1202	3.204	3.9581
1.1256	3.214	3.9646
1.1311	3.2239	3.971
1.1365	3.2338	3.9775
1.142	3.2436	3.9839
1.1476	3.2535	3.9904
1.1531	3.2633	3.9968
1.1587	3.2732	4.0033
1.1643	3.283	4.0098
1.17	3.2928	4.0162
1.1756	3.3025	4.0227
1.1813	3.3123	4.0292
1.1871	3.322	4.0357
1.1928	3.3317	4.0422
1.1986	3.3414	4.0487
1.2044	3.3511	4.0553
1.2102	3.3608	4.0618
1.2161	3.3704	4.0683
1.222	3.38	4.0749
1.2279	3.3896	4.0814
1.2339	3.3992	4.088
1.2398	3.4087	4.0946
1.2458	3.4183	4.1012
1.2519	3.4278	4.1078
1.2579	3.4373	4.1144
1.264	3.4467	4.121
1.2702	3.4562	4.1277
1.2763	3.4656	4.1343
1.2825	3.475	4.141
1.2887	3.4844	4.1477
1.295	3.4937	4.1544
1.3012	3.5031	4.1611
1.3075	3.5124	4.1678
1.3139	3.5217	4.1746
1.3202	3.5309	4.1813
1.3266	3.5402	4.1881
1.3331	3.5494	4.1949
1.3395	3.5586	4.2017
1.346	3.5678	4.2085
1.3525	3.5769	4.2154
1.3591	3.5861	4.2222
1.3657	3.5952	4.2291
1.3723	3.6042	4.236
1.3789	3.6133	4.2429
1.3856	3.6223	4.2499
1.3923	3.6313	4.2569
1.3991	3.6403	4.2638
1.4059	3.6492	4.2708
1.4127	3.6582	4.2779
1.4195	3.6671	4.2849
1.4264	3.676	4.292
1.4333	3.6848	4.2991
1.4402	3.6936	4.3062
1.4472	3.7024	4.3133
1.4542	3.7112	4.3205
1.4613	3.72	4.3277
1.4684	3.7287	4.3349
1.4755	3.7374	4.3421
1.4826	3.746	4.3494
1.4898	3.7547	4.3567
1.497	3.7633	4.364
1.5043	3.7719	4.3713
1.5116	3.7804	4.3787
1.5189	3.789	4.3861
1.5262	3.7975	4.3935
1.5336	3.8059	4.4009
1.5411	3.8144	4.4084
1.5485	3.8228	4.4159
1.556	3.8312	4.4235
1.5636	3.8395	4.431
1.5712	3.8479	4.4386
1.5788	3.8562	4.4462
1.5864	3.8644	4.4539
1.5941	3.8727	4.4616
1.6018	3.8809	4.4693
1.6096	3.8891	4.477
1.6174	3.8972	4.4848
1.6252	3.9053	4.4926
1.6331	3.9134	4.5005
1.641	3.9215	4.5083
1.649	3.9295	4.5162
1.6569	3.9375	4.5242
1.665	3.9454	4.5322
1.673	3.9533	4.5402
1.6811	3.9612	4.5482
1.6893	3.9691	4.5563
1.6975	3.9769	4.5644
1.7057	3.9847	4.5726
1.714	3.9925	4.5808
1.7223	4.0002	4.589
1.7306	4.0079	4.5973
1.739	4.0155	4.6056
1.7474	4.0232	4.6139
1.7559	4.0307	4.6223
1.7644	4.0383	4.6307
1.7729	4.0458	4.6392
1.7815	4.0533	4.6477
1.7902	4.0607	4.6563
1.7988	4.0681	4.6648
1.8075	4.0755	4.6735
1.8163	4.0828	4.6821
1.8251	4.0901	4.6909
1.8339	4.0974	4.6996
1.8428	4.1046	4.7084
1.8518	4.1117	4.7173
1.8607	4.1189	4.7262
1.8697	4.126	4.7351
1.8788	4.133	4.7441
1.8879	4.14	4.7531
1.8971	4.147	4.7622
1.9062	4.1539	4.7713
1.9155	4.1608	4.7805
1.9248	4.1677	4.7897
1.9341	4.1745	4.799
1.9435	4.1813	4.8084
1.9529	4.188	4.8177
1.9623	4.1947	4.8272
1.9718	4.2013	4.8366
1.9814	4.2079	4.8462
1.991	4.2144	4.8558
2.0006	4.2209	4.8654
2.0103	4.2274	4.8751
2.0201	4.2338	4.8849
2.0299	4.2402	4.8947
2.0397	4.2465	4.9046
2.0496	4.2527	4.9145
2.0595	4.259	4.9245
2.0695	4.2651	4.9345
2.0795	4.2713	4.9446
2.0896	4.2773	4.9548
2.0997	4.2834	4.965
2.1099	4.2894	4.9753
2.1201	4.2953	4.9857
2.1304	4.3012	4.9961
2.1407	4.307	5.0066
2.1511	4.3128	5.0171
2.1615	4.3185	5.0277
2.172	4.3242	5.0384
2.1825	4.3298	5.0492
2.1931	4.3354	5.06
2.2037	4.3409	5.0709
2.2144	4.3464	5.0818
2.2251	4.3518	5.0929
2.2359	4.3571	5.104
2.2467	4.3624	5.1152
2.2576	4.3677	5.1264
2.2685	4.3729	5.1378
2.2795	4.378	5.1492
2.2906	4.3831	5.1607
2.3017	4.3881	5.1722
2.3128	4.3931	5.1839
2.324	4.398	5.1956
2.3353	4.4029	5.2074
2.3466	4.4077	5.2193
2.3579	4.4124	5.2313
2.3694	4.4171	5.2434
2.3809	4.4217	5.2555
2.3924	4.4263	5.2678
2.404	4.4308	5.2801
2.4156	4.4352	5.2925
2.4273	4.4396	5.305
2.4391	4.4439	5.3176
2.4509	4.4482	5.3303
2.4628	4.4524	5.3431
2.4747	4.4565	5.356
2.4867	4.4606	5.369
2.4987	4.4646	5.3821
2.5109	4.4686	5.3953
2.523	4.4725	5.4086
2.5352	4.4763	5.422
2.5475	4.4801	5.4355
2.5599	4.4838	5.4491
2.5723	4.4874	5.4628
2.5847	4.491	5.4766
2.5973	4.4945	5.4905
2.6098	4.498	5.5046
2.6225	4.5013	5.5187
2.6352	4.5047	5.533
2.648	4.5079	5.5474
2.6608	4.5111	5.5619
2.6737	4.5142	5.5765
2.6866	4.5173	5.5912
2.6996	4.5203	5.6061
2.7127	4.5232	5.6211
2.7259	4.5261	5.6362
2.7391	4.5289	5.6514
2.7523	4.5317	5.6668
2.7657	4.5343	5.6823
2.7791	4.5369	5.6979
2.7925	4.5395	5.7137
2.8061	4.542	5.7296
2.8197	4.5444	5.7456
2.8333	4.5467	5.7618
2.8471	4.549	5.7781
2.8608	4.5512	5.7946
2.8747	4.5534	5.8112
2.8886	4.5555	5.8279
2.9026	4.5575	5.8448
2.9167	4.5595	5.8619
2.9308	4.5614	5.8791
2.945	4.5632	5.8964
2.9593	4.565	5.9139
2.9736	4.5667	5.9316
2.988	4.5684	5.9494
3.0025	4.57	5.9674
3.0171	4.5715	5.9855
3.0317	4.573	6.0038
3.0464	4.5744	6.0223
3.0611	4.5757	6.041
3.076	4.577	6.0598
3.0909	4.5782	6.0788
3.1058	4.5794	6.0979
3.1209	4.5805	6.1172
3.136	4.5816	6.1367
3.1512	4.5826	6.1564
3.1665	4.5835	6.1763
3.1818	4.5844	6.1964
3.1972	4.5852	6.2166
3.2127	4.586	6.237
3.2283	4.5868	6.2576
3.2439	4.5874	6.2785
3.2596	4.5881	6.2995
3.2754	4.5886	6.3207
3.2913	4.5892	6.342
3.3072	4.5896	6.3636
3.3233	4.5901	6.3854
3.3394	4.5904	6.4074
3.3555	4.5908	6.4296
3.3718	4.5911	6.452
3.3881	4.5913	6.4747
3.4045	4.5915	6.4975
3.421	4.5917	6.5205
3.4376	4.5918	6.5438
3.4543	4.5919	6.5673
3.471	4.5919	6.591
3.4878	4.5919	6.6149
3.5047	4.5919	6.639
3.5217	4.5919	6.6634
3.5388	4.5918	6.688
3.5559	4.5917	6.7128
3.5731	4.5915	6.7379
3.5904	4.5913	6.7632
3.6078	4.5911	6.7887
3.6253	4.5909	6.8145
3.6429	4.5907	6.8404
3.6605	4.5904	6.8667
3.6783	4.5901	6.8932
3.6961	4.5898	6.9199
3.714	4.5895	6.9469
3.732	4.5891	6.9741
3.7501	4.5888	7.0015
3.7682	4.5884	7.0292
3.7865	4.588	7.0572
3.8048	4.5877	7.0854
3.8233	4.5873	7.1139
3.8418	4.5869	7.1427
3.8604	4.5865	7.1717
3.8791	4.5861	7.2009
3.8979	4.5857	7.2304
3.9168	4.5854	7.2602
3.9358	4.585	7.2903
3.9548	4.5846	7.3206
3.974	4.5843	7.3512
3.9932	4.5839	7.382
4.0126	4.5836	7.4131
4.032	4.5833	7.4445
4.0516	4.583	7.4762
4.0712	4.5827	7.5082
4.0909	4.5825	7.5404
4.1107	4.5823	7.5729
4.1307	4.5821	7.6057
4.1507	4.582	7.6387
4.1708	4.5818	7.6721
4.191	4.5818	7.7057
4.2113	4.5817	7.7396
4.2317	4.5817	7.7738
4.2522	4.5818	7.8083
4.2728	4.5818	7.8431
4.2935	4.582	7.8781
4.3143	4.5822	7.9135
4.3352	4.5824	7.9491
4.3562	4.5827	7.9851
4.3773	4.583	8.0213
4.3985	4.5835	8.0578
4.4198	4.5839	8.0946
4.4412	4.5845	8.1317
4.4628	4.5851	8.1691
4.4844	4.5858	8.2068
4.5061	4.5865	8.2448
4.5279	4.5874	8.2831
4.5499	4.5883	8.3216
4.5719	4.5893	8.3605
4.5941	4.5903	8.3997
4.6163	4.5915	8.4392
4.6387	4.5927	8.479
4.6612	4.5941	8.519
4.6838	4.5955	8.5594
4.7064	4.597	8.6001
4.7292	4.5987	8.6411
4.7522	4.6004	8.6823
4.7752	4.6022	8.7239
4.7983	4.6042	8.7658
4.8216	4.6062	8.808
4.8449	4.6084	8.8504
4.8684	4.6107	8.8932
4.892	4.6131	8.9363
4.9157	4.6156	8.9797
4.9395	4.6182	9.0234
4.9634	4.621	9.0674
4.9875	4.6239	9.1116
5.0116	4.6269	9.1562
5.0359	4.63	9.2011
5.0603	4.6333	9.2463
5.0848	4.6367	9.2918
5.1095	4.6403	9.3376
5.1342	4.644	9.3837
5.1591	4.6479	9.4301
5.1841	4.6519	9.4768
5.2092	4.656	9.5238
5.2344	4.6603	9.571
5.2598	4.6647	9.6186
5.2853	4.6693	9.6665
5.3109	4.6741	9.7147
5.3366	4.679	9.7632
5.3625	4.6841	9.812
5.3885	4.6894	9.861
5.4146	4.6948	9.9104
5.4408	4.7004	9.9601
5.4672	4.7062	10.01
5.4937	4.7121	10.06
5.5203	4.7182	10.111
5.547	4.7245	10.162
5.5739	4.731	10.213
5.6009	4.7376	10.264
5.628	4.7445	10.316
5.6553	4.7515	10.368
5.6827	4.7587	10.42
5.7102	4.7661	10.473
5.7379	4.7738	10.526
5.7657	4.7816	10.579
5.7936	4.7896	10.632
5.8217	4.7978	10.686
5.8499	4.8062	10.74
5.8782	4.8148	10.794
5.9067	4.8236	10.849
5.9353	4.8326	10.904
5.9641	4.8418	10.959
5.993	4.8513	11.014
6.022	4.8609	11.07
6.0512	4.8708	11.126
6.0805	4.8809	11.182
6.11	4.8912	11.239
6.1396	4.9018	11.295
6.1693	4.9125	11.352
6.1992	4.9235	11.41
6.2292	4.9347	11.467
6.2594	4.9461	11.525
6.2897	4.9578	11.583
6.3202	4.9697	11.642
6.3508	4.9818	11.701
6.3816	4.9942	11.76
6.4125	5.0068	11.819
6.4436	5.0196	11.878
6.4748	5.0327	11.938
6.5062	5.046	11.998
6.5377	5.0596	12.058
6.5694	5.0734	12.119
6.6012	5.0874	12.18
6.6332	5.1017	12.241
6.6653	5.1163	12.302
6.6976	5.1311	12.364
6.7301	5.1462	12.425
6.7627	5.1615	12.487
6.7954	5.177	12.55
6.8284	5.1929	12.612
6.8614	5.2089	12.675
6.8947	5.2253	12.738
6.9281	5.2419	12.802
6.9617	5.2588	12.865
6.9954	5.2759	12.929
7.0293	5.2933	12.993
7.0633	5.3109	13.057
7.0976	5.3289	13.122
7.1319	5.3471	13.187
7.1665	5.3655	13.252
7.2012	5.3843	13.317
7.2361	5.4033	13.383
7.2712	5.4226	13.448
7.3064	5.4422	13.514
7.3418	5.462	13.58
7.3774	5.4821	13.647
7.4131	5.5025	13.714
7.449	5.5232	13.781
7.4851	5.5442	13.848
7.5214	5.5654	13.915
7.5578	5.587	13.983
7.5944	5.6088	14.05
7.6312	5.6309	14.118
7.6682	5.6533	14.187
7.7053	5.6759	14.255
7.7427	5.6989	14.324
7.7802	5.7222	14.393
7.8179	5.7457	14.462
7.8558	5.7696	14.531
7.8938	5.7937	14.601
7.9321	5.8182	14.671
7.9705	5.8429	14.741
8.0091	5.8679	14.811
8.0479	5.8932	14.881
8.0869	5.9189	14.952
8.1261	5.9448	15.023
8.1654	5.971	15.094
8.205	5.9976	15.165
8.2448	6.0244	15.237
8.2847	6.0515	15.308
8.3248	6.079	15.38
8.3652	6.1067	15.452
8.4057	6.1348	15.524
8.4464	6.1632	15.597
8.4873	6.1918	15.669
8.5285	6.2208	15.742
8.5698	6.2501	15.815
8.6113	6.2797	15.889
8.653	6.3096	15.962
8.6949	6.3399	16.036
8.7371	6.3704	16.109
8.7794	6.4013	16.183
8.8219	6.4324	16.258
8.8647	6.4639	16.332
8.9076	6.4957	16.407
8.9508	6.5278	16.481
8.9941	6.5603	16.556
9.0377	6.593	16.631
9.0815	6.6261	16.707
9.1255	6.6595	16.782
9.1697	6.6932	16.858
9.2141	6.7273	16.933
9.2588	6.7617	17.009
9.3036	6.7963	17.086
9.3487	6.8314	17.162
9.394	6.8667	17.238
9.4395	6.9024	17.315
9.4853	6.9383	17.392
9.5312	6.9747	17.469
9.5774	7.0113	17.546
9.6238	7.0483	17.623
9.6704	7.0856	17.701
9.7173	7.1232	17.778
9.7643	7.1611	17.856
9.8117	7.1994	17.934
9.8592	7.238	18.012
9.907	7.277	18.09
9.955	7.3162	18.169
10.003	7.3559	18.247
10.052	7.3958	18.326
10.1	7.4361	18.405
10.149	7.4767	18.484
10.198	7.5176	18.563
10.248	7.5589	18.642
10.298	7.6005	18.722
10.347	7.6424	18.801
10.398	7.6847	18.881
10.448	7.7273	18.961
10.499	7.7702	19.041
10.549	7.8135	19.121
10.6	7.8571	19.201
10.652	7.9011	19.282
10.703	7.9454	19.362
10.755	7.99	19.443
10.807	8.0349	19.524
10.86	8.0802	19.605
10.912	8.1259	19.686
10.965	8.1718	19.767
11.018	8.2182	19.848
11.072	8.2648	19.93
11.125	8.3118	20.011
11.179	8.3591	20.093
11.233	8.4068	20.175
11.288	8.4548	20.257
11.343	8.5031	20.339
11.398	8.5518	20.421
11.453	8.6009	20.503
11.508	8.6502	20.586
11.564	8.6999	20.668
11.62	8.75	20.751
11.676	8.8003	20.833
11.733	8.8511	20.916
11.79	8.9021	20.999
11.847	8.9535	21.082
11.904	9.0053	21.165
11.962	9.0573	21.249
12.02	9.1098	21.332
12.078	9.1625	21.415
12.137	9.2156	21.499
12.195	9.2691	21.583
12.255	9.3228	21.666
12.314	9.3769	21.75
12.374	9.4314	21.834
12.434	9.4862	21.918
12.494	9.5413	22.002
12.554	9.5968	22.086
12.615	9.6526	22.171
12.676	9.7088	22.255
12.738	9.7652	22.34
12.799	9.8221	22.424
12.861	9.8792	22.509
12.924	9.9367	22.594
12.986	9.9946	22.678
13.049	10.053	22.763
13.112	10.111	22.848
13.176	10.17	22.933
13.24	10.229	23.018
13.304	10.289	23.104
13.368	10.349	23.189
13.433	10.409	23.274
13.498	10.469	23.36
13.564	10.53	23.445
13.629	10.591	23.531
13.695	10.653	23.616
13.762	10.715	23.702
13.828	10.777	23.788
13.895	10.839	23.874
13.963	10.902	23.96
14.03	10.966	24.046
14.098	11.029	24.132
14.167	11.093	24.218
14.235	11.157	24.304
14.304	11.222	24.39
14.374	11.286	24.476
14.443	11.352	24.563
14.513	11.417	24.649
14.583	11.483	24.736
14.654	11.549	24.822
14.725	11.615	24.909
14.796	11.682	24.995
14.868	11.749	25.082
14.94	11.817	25.169
15.013	11.885	25.255
15.085	11.953	25.342
15.158	12.021	25.429
15.232	12.09	25.516
15.306	12.159	25.603
15.38	12.228	25.69
15.454	12.298	25.777
15.529	12.368	25.864
15.604	12.438	25.951
15.68	12.509	26.038
15.756	12.58	26.126
15.832	12.651	26.213
15.909	12.723	26.3
15.986	12.795	26.388
16.064	12.867	26.475
16.141	12.939	26.562
16.22	13.012	26.65
16.298	13.085	26.737
16.377	13.159	26.825
16.456	13.233	26.912
16.536	13.307	27.0
16.616	13.381	27.088
16.697	13.456	27.175
16.778	13.531	27.263
16.859	13.606	27.351
16.941	13.682	27.439
17.023	13.758	27.526
17.105	13.834	27.614
17.188	13.91	27.702
17.271	13.987	27.79
17.355	14.064	27.878
17.439	14.142	27.966
17.524	14.22	28.054
17.608	14.298	28.142
17.694	14.376	28.23
17.78	14.454	28.318
17.866	14.533	28.406
17.952	14.613	28.494
18.039	14.692	28.582
18.127	14.772	28.67
18.214	14.852	28.759
18.303	14.932	28.847
18.391	15.013	28.935
18.48	15.094	29.023
18.57	15.175	29.112
18.66	15.257	29.2
18.75	15.338	29.288
18.841	15.421	29.377
18.932	15.503	29.465
19.024	15.586	29.553
19.116	15.669	29.642
19.209	15.752	29.73
19.302	15.835	29.819
19.396	15.919	29.907
19.49	16.003	29.996
19.584	16.087	30.084
19.679	16.172	30.173
19.774	16.257	30.261
19.87	16.342	30.35
19.966	16.428	30.439
20.063	16.513	30.527
20.16	16.599	30.616
20.258	16.685	30.705
20.356	16.772	30.793
20.455	16.859	30.882
20.554	16.946	30.971
20.653	17.033	31.06
20.753	17.121	31.148
20.854	17.209	31.237
20.955	17.297	31.326
21.056	17.385	31.415
21.158	17.474	31.504
21.261	17.563	31.593
21.364	17.652	31.682
21.468	17.741	31.771
21.572	17.831	31.86
21.676	17.921	31.949
21.781	18.011	32.038
21.887	18.101	32.127
21.993	18.192	32.216
22.099	18.283	32.305
22.206	18.374	32.394
22.314	18.466	32.483
22.422	18.557	32.572
22.531	18.649	32.662
22.64	18.741	32.751
22.749	18.834	32.84
22.86	18.926	32.929
22.97	19.019	33.019
23.082	19.113	33.108
23.193	19.206	33.197
23.306	19.3	33.287
23.419	19.394	33.376
23.532	19.488	33.465
23.646	19.582	33.555
23.761	19.677	33.644
23.876	19.772	33.734
23.992	19.867	33.824
24.108	19.962	33.913
24.225	20.058	34.003
24.342	20.153	34.092
24.46	20.249	34.182
24.578	20.346	34.272
24.697	20.442	34.362
24.817	20.539	34.451
24.937	20.636	34.541
25.058	20.733	34.631
25.18	20.831	34.721
25.302	20.928	34.811
25.424	21.026	34.901
25.547	21.124	34.991
25.671	21.223	35.081
25.796	21.321	35.171
25.92	21.42	35.261
26.046	21.519	35.351
26.172	21.618	35.442
26.299	21.718	35.532
26.426	21.817	35.622
26.554	21.917	35.712
26.683	22.017	35.803
26.812	22.118	35.893
26.942	22.218	35.984
27.073	22.319	36.074
27.204	22.42	36.165
27.336	22.521	36.255
27.468	22.623	36.346
27.601	22.724	36.437
27.735	22.826	36.528
27.869	22.928	36.618
28.004	23.031	36.709
28.14	23.133	36.8
28.276	23.236	36.891
28.413	23.339	36.982
28.551	23.442	37.073
28.689	23.545	37.165
28.828	23.649	37.256
28.968	23.753	37.347
29.108	23.857	37.438
29.249	23.961	37.53
29.391	24.065	37.621
29.534	24.17	37.713
29.677	24.275	37.804
29.82	24.38	37.896
29.965	24.485	37.988
30.11	24.59	38.08
30.256	24.696	38.172
30.403	24.802	38.263
30.55	24.908	38.355
30.698	25.014	38.448
30.847	25.121	38.54
30.996	25.227	38.632

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

Ti (Titanium): all datasets

Experimental data

Models and simulations

About Ti (Titanium)

Titanium (Ti) is a transition metal with the atomic number 22. It is recognized for its high strength-to-weight ratio and excellent corrosion resistance. With a silver color and low density, titanium is as strong as some steels but significantly less dense. This makes it highly valued in aerospace applications where weight savings are crucial. Titanium is also biocompatible, which makes it a critical material for medical implants such as hip replacements and dental implants. The metal is also found in everyday products like tennis rackets, eyeglass frames, and even some laptops. Titanium can be alloyed with elements like aluminum and vanadium to further enhance its properties. Titanium dioxide (TiO₂), one of its compounds, is widely used as a white pigment in paints and is an active ingredient in sunscreens due to its UV-blocking properties.

More about Ti (Titanium) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/main/Ti/nk/Rakic-LD.yml
ID: ds_202b38420517
API: /v1/datasets/ds_202b38420517

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