Optical constants

Refractive index of V (Vanadium)

Palm et al. 2018: n,k 0.301–1.68 µm

Data
tabulated nk
Range
0.3011–1.685 µm
Points
638
Licence
CC0-1.0

Plot

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Range 0.3011–1.685 µm
Refractive index n
2.7348
Extinction coefficient k
2.18515
Permittivity ε1
2.70426
Permittivity ε2
11.9519
Absorption coefficient α
467315 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
42.7977 nm
Abbe number Vd
—
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
2.13978 µm⁻¹
Group index ng
1.47747
Group velocity dispersion
— fs²/mm
Dispersion parameter D
— ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy
2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls

# V (Vanadium): Palm et al. 2018: n,k 0.301–1.68 µm
v = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "V", "Palm", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(v.range_nm)  # (301.107, 1684.53) nm
eps = v.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

Vanadium, Room temperature, 200 nm thin film, electron beam evaporated, vacuum annealed 2 hr 350 °C.

References

K. J. Palm, J. B. Murray, T. C. Narayan, J. N. Munday. Dynamic optical properties of metal hydrides. ACS Photonics 5, 4677-4686 (2018) (Numerical data kindly provided by Kevin Palm)

Cite

Kevin J. Palm, Joseph B. Murray, Tarun C. Narayan and Jeremy N. Munday. Dynamic Optical Properties of Metal Hydrides. ACS Photonics, 5, 4677-4686 (2018), doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.8b01243; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

638 rows as published
V (Vanadium), Palm et al. 2018: n,k 0.301–1.68 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)nk
0.3011074831.6374171.729526
0.3027040711.6426111.735515
0.304300691.6477071.741624
0.3058972781.6527341.74787
0.3074938661.657721.754265
0.3090904851.6626971.760818
0.3106870731.6676941.767534
0.3122836611.6727431.774413
0.313880281.6778741.781454
0.3154768681.6831221.788648
0.3170734561.6885221.795986
0.3186700441.6941131.803443
0.3202666321.6999291.810974
0.321863221.7059711.81853
0.3234598081.7122361.826077
0.3250563961.7187121.833583
0.3266529541.7253891.841026
0.3282495421.7322541.848384
0.329846131.7392921.85564
0.3314426881.7464891.862779
0.3330392461.753831.869789
0.3346357731.76131.876661
0.336232331.7688831.883386
0.3378288571.7765641.889958
0.3394253851.7843291.896373
0.3410219121.792161.902628
0.3426184391.8000441.90872
0.3442149351.8079641.914652
0.3458114621.8159031.920424
0.3474079281.8238431.926044
0.3490044251.8317731.931527
0.3506008911.8396891.936884
0.3521973571.8475861.942123
0.3537937931.8554621.947252
0.3553902591.8633161.952279
0.3569866641.8711461.957208
0.3585830991.8789511.962046
0.3601795041.886731.966797
0.3617759091.8944841.971465
0.3633722841.9022111.976054
0.3649686581.9099131.980569
0.3665650021.9175891.985012
0.3681613461.9252391.989386
0.369757661.9328631.993694
0.3713539731.9404631.997939
0.3729502871.9480382.002123
0.374546571.955592.006248
0.3761428531.9631172.010316
0.3777390751.9706222.014328
0.3793353271.9781052.018288
0.3809315491.9855662.022195
0.3825277711.9930062.026052
0.3841239322.0004252.02986
0.3857200932.0078252.033619
0.3873162232.0152052.037332
0.3889123842.0225672.040999
0.3905084842.0299112.044621
0.3921045532.0372372.048199
0.3937006232.0445482.051734
0.3952966922.0518422.055227
0.3968927312.0591212.058677
0.3984887082.0663862.062087
0.4000847172.0736382.065456
0.4016806952.0808772.068785
0.4032766422.0881042.072075
0.4048725592.095322.075325
0.4064684452.1025252.078535
0.4080643312.1097222.081707
0.4096601562.116912.08484
0.4112560122.1240912.087934
0.4128518072.1312662.090989
0.4144475712.1384362.094005
0.4160433042.1456022.096982
0.4176390692.1527662.099918
0.4192347722.159932.102813
0.4208304142.1670952.105667
0.4224260862.1742652.108474
0.4240217292.1814382.111232
0.4256172792.1886132.113937
0.4272128912.195792.116587
0.4288084112.2029662.11918
0.43040392.2101392.121715
0.431999422.2173082.124189
0.4335948182.2244712.126602
0.4351902772.2316262.128954
0.4367856452.238772.131243
0.4383810122.2459022.133468
0.4399763792.253022.13563
0.4415716252.2601222.137728
0.4431669312.2672062.139762
0.4447621462.2742712.141732
0.4463573612.2813132.143637
0.4479525452.2883322.14548
0.4495476682.2953252.147259
0.4511427612.3022922.148974
0.4527378542.3092292.150627
0.4543328552.3161352.152218
0.4559278872.3230092.153748
0.4575228582.3298492.155216
0.4591177672.3366532.156625
0.4607127082.3434192.157974
0.4623075562.3501462.159265
0.4639024052.3568322.160498
0.4654971622.3634752.161674
0.4670918882.3700742.162796
0.4686866152.3766262.163863
0.4702813112.383132.164878
0.4718759162.3895842.165842
0.473470522.3959862.166758
0.4750650942.4023342.167629
0.4766596072.408632.168458
0.4782540892.4148722.169246
0.4798485412.4210622.169996
0.4814429322.4271972.170709
0.4830372922.433282.171388
0.4846315922.4393112.172034
0.4862258912.4452882.172648
0.4878201292.4512132.173233
0.4894143072.4570862.173789
0.4910084532.4629082.174317
0.4926025392.4686782.17482
0.4941966252.4743972.175297
0.4957906192.4800662.175751
0.4973846132.4856842.176183
0.4989785162.4912532.176593
0.5005724182.4967722.176983
0.502166262.5022432.177352
0.5037600712.5076642.177704
0.5053538212.5130382.178037
0.506947512.5183642.178354
0.5085411682.5236432.178654
0.5101347662.5288752.17894
0.5117283332.534062.17921
0.5133218382.53922.179467
0.5149152832.5442942.17971
0.5165086672.5493432.179941
0.5181020512.5543472.180161
0.5196954352.5593072.180368
0.5212886962.5642232.180566
0.5228818972.5690952.180753
0.5244750372.5739242.18093
0.5260681762.5787112.181099
0.5276612552.5834552.181259
0.5292542112.5881572.181411
0.5308471682.5928182.181556
0.5324400632.5974372.181694
0.5340329592.6020162.181825
0.5356257322.6065542.18195
0.5372185062.6110522.18207
0.5388111572.615512.182184
0.5404038092.6199282.182294
0.5419963992.6243082.1824
0.5435889282.6286482.182502
0.5451813962.6329512.182601
0.5467738042.6372152.182698
0.548366152.6414422.182791
0.5499584962.6456322.182883
0.551550722.6497862.182973
0.5531429442.6539032.183061
0.5547350462.6579832.183149
0.5563271482.6620292.183235
0.5579191282.6660392.183321
0.5595111082.6700142.183407
0.5611029662.6739552.183493
0.5626948242.6778622.183579
0.5642866212.6817352.183666
0.5658782962.6855742.183754
0.5674700322.6893812.183843
0.5690616462.6931542.183933
0.5706531372.6968952.184024
0.5722446292.7006042.184118
0.573836062.7042822.184213
0.5754273682.7079272.184311
0.5770186772.7115412.184411
0.5786098632.7151252.184513
0.580201052.7186782.184619
0.5817921142.72222.184727
0.5833831792.7256932.184838
0.5849741212.7291552.184953
0.5865650632.7325882.185071
0.5881558842.7359922.185193
0.5897467042.7393672.185318
0.5913373412.7427122.185448
0.5929279792.7460292.185581
0.5945185552.7493182.185719
0.596109072.7525792.185861
0.5976995242.7558122.186007
0.5992899172.7590182.186159
0.6008801882.7621952.186315
0.6024703982.7653462.186476
0.6040606082.7684692.186642
0.6056506962.7715662.186813
0.6072407232.7746362.18699
0.6088306882.7776792.187172
0.6104205322.7806952.18736
0.6120103762.7836862.187554
0.6136000982.786652.187754
0.6151897582.7895882.18796
0.6167793582.79252.188172
0.6183688962.7953862.18839
0.6199583742.7982462.188616
0.6215477292.801082.188848
0.6231370242.8038872.189089
0.6247262572.806672.189337
0.626315432.8094272.189594
0.627904482.8121582.18986
0.629493532.8148652.190135
0.6310824582.8175482.19042
0.6326712652.8202072.190715
0.6342601322.8228422.19102
0.6358487552.8254542.191334
0.6374373782.8280432.19166
0.6390260012.830612.191997
0.6406144412.8331542.192344
0.642202822.8356762.192703
0.6437911382.8381782.193073
0.6453793952.8406582.193454
0.646967592.8431172.193847
0.6485556642.8455572.194251
0.6501436772.8479762.194668
0.6517315672.8503762.195096
0.6533194582.8527572.195537
0.6549071662.8551182.195989
0.6564948732.8574612.196454
0.6580824582.8597872.196931
0.6596699832.8620942.197421
0.6612574462.8643842.197923
0.6628447882.8666562.198437
0.6644320072.8689122.198964
0.6660191652.8711512.199503
0.6676063232.8733752.200055
0.6691932982.8755822.200619
0.6707802732.8777742.201196
0.6723670652.879952.201786
0.6739538572.8821122.202388
0.6755405272.8842592.203003
0.6771271362.8863922.203631
0.6787136232.888512.204271
0.6803000492.8906152.204923
0.6818863532.8927062.205589
0.6834726562.8947842.206267
0.6850587772.896852.206957
0.6866448972.8989022.20766
0.6882308352.9009422.208375
0.6898167722.902972.209103
0.6914025272.9049862.209843
0.692988222.906992.210596
0.6945738532.9089832.211361
0.6961594242.9109652.212138
0.6977448732.9129362.212928
0.69933022.9148962.213729
0.7009154662.9168452.214543
0.702500612.9187852.215369
0.7040856932.9207142.216207
0.7056707152.9226332.217057
0.7072555542.9245432.217919
0.7088403932.9264432.218793
0.710425112.9283342.219678
0.7120097052.9302172.220576
0.7135941772.932092.221485
0.7151785892.9339542.222405
0.7167629392.935812.223338
0.7183471682.9376582.224281
0.7199313352.9394982.225237
0.7215153812.941332.226203
0.7230993042.9431542.227181
0.7246831672.944972.22817
0.7262669072.9467792.229171
0.7278505252.948582.230182
0.7294341432.9503742.231205
0.7310175782.9521612.232239
0.7326009522.9539422.233283
0.7341842042.9557152.234339
0.7357673342.9574822.235405
0.7373504032.9592422.236482
0.738933352.9609952.23757
0.7405162352.9627422.238669
0.7420989992.9644832.239779
0.7436816412.9662182.2409
0.7452642212.9679472.242032
0.7468466192.969672.243175
0.7484290162.9713872.244328
0.750011232.97312.245493
0.7515933842.9748072.246669
0.7531754152.9765092.247855
0.7547573852.9782062.249052
0.7563392332.9798992.25026
0.7579209592.9815882.251479
0.7595025632.9832722.252708
0.7610841062.9849522.253948
0.7626655272.9866282.255199
0.7642468262.98832.25646
0.7658280032.9899692.257732
0.7674091192.9916352.259014
0.7689901122.9932972.260307
0.7705709842.9949562.261609
0.7721517332.9966132.262922
0.7737324832.9982662.264245
0.7753129882.9999172.265578
0.7768934333.0015662.266922
0.7784737553.0032122.268275
0.7800540773.0048572.269637
0.7816341553.0064992.27101
0.7832141723.0081392.272392
0.7847940673.0097782.273784
0.7863739013.0114152.275185
0.7879535523.0130522.276596
0.7895330813.0146862.278016
0.791112613.016322.279446
0.7926919563.0179522.280884
0.7942711183.0195842.282332
0.7958502813.0212152.283788
0.7974293213.0228462.285254
0.7990081793.0244762.286728
0.8005869753.0261062.288211
0.8021656493.0277352.289702
0.8037442023.0293652.291202
0.8053226323.0309942.292711
0.806900943.0326242.294227
0.8084791263.0342532.295752
0.8100572513.0358842.297285
0.8116351933.0375142.298826
0.8132130133.0391462.300375
0.8147907713.0407782.301932
0.8163684083.042412.303496
0.8179459233.0440442.305068
0.8195232543.0456792.306648
0.8211005863.0473152.308235
0.8226777343.0489522.309829
0.82425473.050592.311431
0.8258316653.0522292.313039
0.8274083863.053872.314655
0.8289850463.0555132.316278
0.8305616463.0571582.317907
0.8321380623.0588042.319543
0.8337143553.0604522.321186
0.8352905273.0621012.322835
0.8368665773.0637532.324491
0.8384425053.0654072.326152
0.8400183723.0670632.32782
0.8415940553.0687212.329494
0.8431696173.0703812.331175
0.8447449953.0720442.332861
0.8463203133.0737092.334553
0.8478955083.0753772.33625
0.8494705813.0770472.337953
0.8510455933.078722.339662
0.8526204223.0803962.341376
0.8541950073.0820742.343095
0.8557696533.0837562.34482
0.8573440553.085442.346549
0.8589183353.0871272.348284
0.8604925543.0888182.350023
0.8620665893.0905112.351767
0.8636405033.0922082.353516
0.8652143553.0939072.355269
0.8667879643.095612.357027
0.8683615113.0973172.358789
0.8699349373.0990272.360556
0.8715081793.100742.362327
0.873081363.1024572.364101
0.8746544193.1041772.36588
0.8762273563.1059012.367663
0.877800113.1076282.369449
0.8793726813.109362.371239
0.880945193.1110952.373033
0.8825174563.1128342.37483
0.8840897223.1145772.37663
0.8856618043.1163232.378433
0.8872337653.1180742.38024
0.8888056643.1198292.38205
0.8903773193.1215882.383863
0.8919489143.1233512.385679
0.8935203253.1251182.387497
0.8950916143.126892.389318
0.8966627813.1286662.391142
0.8982337653.1304462.392967
0.8998046883.1322312.394796
0.9013753663.134022.396626
0.9029459843.1358142.398459
0.9045164793.1376122.400293
0.9060867923.1394152.402129
0.9076569213.1412232.403967
0.9092270513.1430362.405807
0.9107969973.1448542.407647
0.9123666993.1466772.409488
0.913936343.1485052.411331
0.9155058593.1503382.413174
0.9170751953.1521762.415017
0.9186444093.1540192.416861
0.9202135013.1558662.418705
0.921782413.1577182.420548
0.9233512573.1595752.422392
0.9249199223.1614372.424235
0.9264884033.1633032.426078
0.9280567633.1651742.42792
0.9296253.167052.429762
0.9311930543.168932.431602
0.9327609253.1708142.433442
0.9343287963.1727032.435281
0.9358963623.1745962.437118
0.9374638673.1764932.438954
0.939031253.1783952.440789
0.940598453.18032.442621
0.9421655273.182212.444453
0.9437324223.1841242.446283
0.9452991943.1860412.448111
0.9468658453.1879622.449937
0.9484323123.1898882.451761
0.9499986573.1918162.453583
0.9515648193.1937492.455402
0.9531308593.1956852.45722
0.9546967773.1976252.459035
0.9562625123.1995682.460848
0.9578281253.2015142.462658
0.9593935553.2034642.464466
0.9609588013.2054172.466271
0.9625239263.2073732.468074
0.9640889893.2093322.469874
0.9656538093.2112942.471671
0.9672184453.2132592.473465
0.968783023.2152282.475256
0.9703473513.2171992.477045
0.9719116213.2191722.47883
0.9734757083.2211482.480612
0.9750395513.2231272.482391
0.9766033333.2251092.484167
0.9781669923.2270932.48594
0.9797303473.2290792.487709
0.9812937623.2310682.489475
0.9828568123.2330592.491237
0.98441983.2350532.492996
0.9859827273.2370482.494752
0.987545413.2390462.496505
0.989107913.2410452.498254
0.9906702883.2430472.499999
0.9922325443.245052.50174
0.9937945563.2470552.503478
0.9953564453.2490622.505213
0.9969181523.2510712.506943
0.9984797973.2530812.508671
1.0114495243.269842.522874
1.0148375243.2742342.526541
1.0182259523.2786342.530192
1.0216148683.2830392.533825
1.0250042723.2874492.53744
1.0283941653.2918632.541037
1.0317844243.2962812.544616
1.0351752933.3007022.548178
1.038566653.3051252.551721
1.0419582523.3095512.555246
1.0453505863.3139792.558752
1.0487432863.3184072.56224
1.0521364753.3228352.56571
1.0555300293.3272642.569161
1.0589241943.3316922.572595
1.0623188483.336122.576009
1.0657138673.3405452.579405
1.0691094973.3449692.582783
1.0725054933.349392.586143
1.0759019783.3538082.589484
1.079298953.3582232.592808
1.0826964113.3626342.596113
1.086094363.3670412.5994
1.0894926763.3714432.602669
1.0928916023.3758392.60592
1.0962908943.380232.609154
1.0996906743.3846152.61237
1.1030910643.3889942.615569
1.1064918213.3933662.61875
1.1098930663.397732.621914
1.1132946783.4020862.625061
1.1166970213.4064352.628191
1.1200996093.4107752.631305
1.1235026863.4151062.634402
1.1269063723.4194272.637482
1.1303104253.4237382.640547
1.1337149663.428042.643595
1.1371199953.432332.646628
1.1405255133.436612.649646
1.1439313963.4408782.652648
1.1473378913.4451342.655635
1.1507448733.4493782.658607
1.1541522223.4536092.661565
1.1575600593.4578272.664509
1.1609685063.4620312.667439
1.1643771973.466222.670355
1.1677864993.4703962.673258
1.1711962893.4745552.676148
1.1746065673.4786992.679026
1.1780172123.4828262.681893
1.1814284673.4869352.684748
1.1848400883.4910262.687593
1.1882521973.4950992.69043
1.1916647953.4991532.693259
1.1950778813.5031892.696082
1.1984914553.5072072.6989
1.2019055183.5112072.701714
1.2053199463.515192.704524
1.2087348633.5191562.707331
1.2121502693.5231042.710135
1.2155661623.5270362.712938
1.2189826663.5309532.71574
1.2223995363.5348542.718542
1.2258167723.5387392.721344
1.2292346193.542612.724146
1.2326529543.5464672.726949
1.2360716553.550312.729754
1.2394908453.554142.73256
1.2429105223.5579562.735368
1.2463308113.5617612.738179
1.2497513433.5655532.740993
1.2531724853.5693342.743809
1.2565939943.5731032.746629
1.2600161133.5768622.749452
1.2634387213.5806112.752278
1.2668615723.584352.755109
1.2702851563.5880792.757943
1.2737091063.59182.760782
1.2771335453.5955122.763625
1.280558353.5992162.766473
1.2839837653.6029132.769325
1.2874096683.6066022.772182
1.2908359383.6102852.775043
1.2942626953.6139612.777909
1.2976899413.617632.78078
1.3011176763.6212952.783655
1.3045458983.6249542.786536
1.3079746093.6286082.789422
1.3114036873.6322572.792312
1.3148333743.6359032.795208
1.3182634283.6395452.798108
1.3216940923.6431832.801013
1.3251251223.6468182.803923
1.3285565193.650452.806838
1.3319885253.6540812.809757
1.3354210213.6577092.812681
1.3388538823.6613352.81561
1.3422873543.664962.818544
1.3457211913.6685832.821482
1.3491555183.6722072.824425
1.3525904543.6758292.827371
1.3560256353.6794512.830323
1.3594614263.6830742.833278
1.3628977053.6866972.836237
1.3663343513.690322.839201
1.3697716063.6939452.842168
1.3732092293.6975712.84514
1.3766473393.7011982.848114
1.3800859383.7048272.851093
1.3835250243.7084582.854074
1.38696463.7120912.85706
1.3904045413.7157272.860048
1.3938449713.7193662.863039
1.3972858893.7230072.866034
1.4007274173.7266522.86903
1.4041693123.73032.87203
1.4076116943.7339522.875032
1.4110544433.7376082.878037
1.4144978033.7412682.881043
1.417941653.7449322.884052
1.4213858643.7486012.887063
1.4248306883.7522752.890075
1.4282757573.7559542.893089
1.4317214363.7596372.896105
1.4351677253.7633262.899122
1.4386142583.7670212.902139
1.4420612793.7707212.905158
1.4455089113.7744272.908178
1.4489569093.778142.911198
1.4524055183.7818582.914219
1.455854373.7855832.91724
1.4593039553.7893152.920261
1.4627537843.7930532.923282
1.4662042243.7967982.926303
1.4696550293.8005512.929324
1.4731063233.804312.932344
1.4765582283.8080782.935363
1.4800104983.8118522.938382
1.4834631353.8156342.941399
1.4869163823.8194242.944416
1.4903701173.8232222.94743
1.4938243413.8270292.950444
1.4972789313.8308432.953456
1.5007341313.8346672.956465
1.5041896973.8384982.959473
1.5076457523.8423392.962478
1.5111021733.8461882.965481
1.5145592043.8500462.968482
1.5180166023.8539132.971479
1.5214746093.857792.974474
1.5249329833.8616762.977465
1.5283918463.8655712.980453
1.5318511963.8694762.983438
1.5353110353.8733912.986419
1.538771243.8773162.989396
1.5422320563.8812512.992369
1.5456932373.8851962.995338
1.5491550293.8891512.998302
1.5526171883.8931173.001262
1.5560798343.8970943.004217
1.5595429693.9010813.007167
1.5630065923.9050783.010112
1.5664705813.9090873.013052
1.5699351813.9131073.015986
1.5734001463.9171383.018914
1.5768656013.9211813.021837
1.5803315433.9252353.024753
1.5837979743.92933.027663
1.5872648933.9333783.030567
1.5907321783.9374673.033464
1.5941999513.9415683.036354
1.5976683353.9456813.039237
1.6011370853.9498073.042113
1.6046063233.9539453.044981
1.608076053.9580963.047842
1.6115461433.9622593.050694
1.6150168463.9664363.053539
1.6184880373.9706253.056375
1.6219595953.9748283.059203
1.6254316413.9790453.062021
1.6289041753.9832753.064831
1.6323771973.9875193.067632
1.6358507083.9917763.070423
1.6393245853.9960483.073205
1.6427990724.0003353.075976
1.6462740484.0046363.078738
1.6497492684.0089523.081489
1.653225224.0132843.084229
1.6567014164.017633.086958
1.6601781014.0219923.089675
1.6636555184.0263713.092381
1.6671331794.0307663.095076
1.6706113284.0351773.097757
1.6740900884.0396053.100426
1.6775690924.0440513.103082
1.6810485844.0485143.105725
1.6845286874.0529963.108353

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence
Method
Transmittance T
—
Reflectance R
—

Fresnel reflection calculator

Direction
Rp
—
Rs
—
R = (Rp+Rs)/2
—
Phase φp
—
Phase φs
—
Brewster angle θB
—
Critical angle θC
—