Optical constants
Refractive index of Au (Gold)
McPeak et al. 2015: n,k 0.3–1.7 µm
- Data
- tabulated nk
- Range
- 0.3–1.7 µm
- Points
- 141
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
- Lightsmith
- bundled
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 0.212358
- Extinction coefficient k
- 3.09211
- Permittivity ε1
- -9.51603
- Permittivity ε2
- 1.31327
- Absorption coefficient α
- 661276 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- 30.2446 nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -2.18145 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 1.49418
- Group velocity dispersion
- — fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- — ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 2.11001 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# Au (Gold): McPeak et al. 2015: n,k 0.3–1.7 µm
au = ls.LibraryMaterial(name="Au", dataset="McPeak")
print(au.range_nm) # (300, 1700) nm
eps = au.eps([633]) # complex permittivity
Ships with the library: works offline.
import lightsmith as ls
# Au (Gold): McPeak et al. 2015: n,k 0.3–1.7 µm
au = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "Au", "McPeak", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(au.range_nm) # (300, 1700) nm
eps = au.eps([633]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_e05a39803d2b/lightsmith"
au = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(au.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (au/mcpeak-2015).
# ... load au as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=au)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Comments and conditions
References
- doi:10.1021/ph5004237 Plasmonic Films Can Easily Be Better: Rules and Recipes, ACS Photonics (2015)
Cite
Kevin M. McPeak et al.. Plasmonic Films Can Easily Be Better: Rules and Recipes. ACS Photonics, 2, 326-333 (2015), doi:10.1021/ph5004237; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
141 rows as published| λ (µm) | n | k |
|---|---|---|
| 0.3 | 1.699838715 | 1.973157788 |
| 0.31 | 1.746948702 | 1.974499878 |
| 0.32 | 1.782941044 | 1.959795593 |
| 0.33 | 1.804652963 | 1.931950392 |
| 0.34 | 1.804621334 | 1.896796816 |
| 0.35 | 1.763712432 | 1.870684779 |
| 0.36 | 1.713434851 | 1.887670254 |
| 0.37 | 1.689202065 | 1.922090949 |
| 0.38 | 1.678059067 | 1.948381952 |
| 0.39 | 1.672504217 | 1.966512231 |
| 0.4 | 1.665616091 | 1.973924254 |
| 0.41 | 1.653911114 | 1.975227068 |
| 0.42 | 1.63743714 | 1.970304643 |
| 0.43 | 1.612343317 | 1.959477219 |
| 0.44 | 1.581523054 | 1.940313163 |
| 0.45 | 1.538326354 | 1.910745397 |
| 0.46 | 1.475285274 | 1.872315849 |
| 0.47 | 1.386263242 | 1.827683172 |
| 0.48 | 1.252905499 | 1.782097694 |
| 0.49 | 1.064360219 | 1.76786953 |
| 0.5 | 0.848474841 | 1.828280492 |
| 0.51 | 0.661635502 | 1.964525779 |
| 0.52 | 0.52912664 | 2.129735899 |
| 0.53 | 0.438041087 | 2.294990195 |
| 0.54 | 0.372502061 | 2.451664289 |
| 0.55 | 0.323930966 | 2.597158307 |
| 0.56 | 0.284960267 | 2.738978341 |
| 0.57 | 0.254069233 | 2.871855006 |
| 0.58 | 0.228936734 | 2.999518633 |
| 0.59 | 0.207122197 | 3.1213458 |
| 0.6 | 0.188789629 | 3.241703491 |
| 0.61 | 0.172726107 | 3.356759495 |
| 0.62 | 0.160071695 | 3.465634566 |
| 0.63 | 0.14636792 | 3.577628204 |
| 0.64 | 0.135417727 | 3.685964997 |
| 0.65 | 0.125499436 | 3.792327795 |
| 0.66 | 0.117832095 | 3.896137113 |
| 0.67 | 0.111117685 | 3.999543366 |
| 0.68 | 0.105744888 | 4.102704228 |
| 0.69 | 0.101509306 | 4.205033191 |
| 0.7 | 0.098607898 | 4.305081128 |
| 0.71 | 0.097790271 | 4.403812319 |
| 0.72 | 0.098623269 | 4.499191766 |
| 0.73 | 0.096903666 | 4.59580138 |
| 0.74 | 0.099463321 | 4.687205239 |
| 0.75 | 0.098537395 | 4.78107829 |
| 0.76 | 0.099206649 | 4.872354868 |
| 0.77 | 0.101706737 | 4.958865219 |
| 0.78 | 0.101315225 | 5.051560628 |
| 0.79 | 0.103067755 | 5.148069829 |
| 0.8 | 0.10422723 | 5.223682926 |
| 0.81 | 0.105937788 | 5.313023886 |
| 0.82 | 0.104338656 | 5.407391844 |
| 0.83 | 0.104534544 | 5.49244276 |
| 0.84 | 0.107001078 | 5.577046641 |
| 0.85 | 0.111012574 | 5.659268839 |
| 0.86 | 0.11076329 | 5.749197205 |
| 0.87 | 0.112038779 | 5.830570529 |
| 0.88 | 0.114173034 | 5.912954886 |
| 0.89 | 0.116004573 | 5.992867182 |
| 0.9 | 0.116828465 | 6.081993825 |
| 0.91 | 0.116997234 | 6.163820922 |
| 0.92 | 0.11945701 | 6.241575921 |
| 0.93 | 0.120635837 | 6.328550624 |
| 0.94 | 0.122558964 | 6.410383818 |
| 0.95 | 0.124002721 | 6.491793025 |
| 0.96 | 0.123935366 | 6.573991175 |
| 0.97 | 0.126244253 | 6.662877577 |
| 0.98 | 0.127974627 | 6.73805443 |
| 0.99 | 0.129942772 | 6.819155749 |
| 1.0 | 0.132311724 | 6.904527963 |
| 1.01 | 0.133907614 | 6.978318655 |
| 1.02 | 0.135401137 | 7.061609835 |
| 1.03 | 0.138148809 | 7.141574413 |
| 1.04 | 0.137937636 | 7.222466808 |
| 1.05 | 0.139246667 | 7.302149658 |
| 1.06 | 0.134049061 | 7.406616579 |
| 1.07 | 0.135717763 | 7.48280825 |
| 1.08 | 0.140363062 | 7.556831465 |
| 1.09 | 0.138686104 | 7.637030433 |
| 1.1 | 0.138418628 | 7.719336741 |
| 1.11 | 0.139442944 | 7.79996438 |
| 1.12 | 0.141677831 | 7.874202982 |
| 1.13 | 0.141308241 | 7.960965269 |
| 1.14 | 0.140235564 | 8.050382973 |
| 1.15 | 0.142817756 | 8.114887363 |
| 1.16 | 0.146729336 | 8.201495565 |
| 1.17 | 0.152747848 | 8.26754691 |
| 1.18 | 0.149693183 | 8.350413645 |
| 1.19 | 0.147906483 | 8.443510901 |
| 1.2 | 0.149395088 | 8.515005513 |
| 1.21 | 0.151984867 | 8.589999965 |
| 1.22 | 0.153423422 | 8.666864413 |
| 1.23 | 0.153670698 | 8.744347585 |
| 1.24 | 0.157748208 | 8.81753279 |
| 1.25 | 0.159662147 | 8.900982642 |
| 1.26 | 0.165494236 | 8.987624177 |
| 1.27 | 0.159382324 | 9.068759713 |
| 1.28 | 0.163849184 | 9.146521008 |
| 1.29 | 0.166211578 | 9.226192405 |
| 1.3 | 0.166156462 | 9.303580384 |
| 1.31 | 0.170115488 | 9.372456417 |
| 1.32 | 0.169795214 | 9.445201449 |
| 1.33 | 0.174809869 | 9.530926424 |
| 1.34 | 0.176209118 | 9.61244244 |
| 1.35 | 0.179585571 | 9.687582308 |
| 1.36 | 0.177483381 | 9.769365402 |
| 1.37 | 0.184295562 | 9.839357949 |
| 1.38 | 0.186297714 | 9.916385775 |
| 1.39 | 0.190837556 | 9.992267959 |
| 1.4 | 0.191102283 | 10.07156989 |
| 1.41 | 0.194361931 | 10.14138928 |
| 1.42 | 0.205426553 | 10.22263176 |
| 1.43 | 0.208361137 | 10.32150252 |
| 1.44 | 0.206557078 | 10.37509835 |
| 1.45 | 0.208044 | 10.46581494 |
| 1.46 | 0.205758558 | 10.54050931 |
| 1.47 | 0.212405614 | 10.6421387 |
| 1.48 | 0.216697642 | 10.70593097 |
| 1.49 | 0.219902453 | 10.78046182 |
| 1.5 | 0.215398722 | 10.85893165 |
| 1.51 | 0.21956893 | 10.91137986 |
| 1.52 | 0.222004156 | 11.00587506 |
| 1.53 | 0.230589098 | 11.08617027 |
| 1.54 | 0.235210701 | 11.16849695 |
| 1.55 | 0.238229889 | 11.26307034 |
| 1.56 | 0.236761828 | 11.31706924 |
| 1.57 | 0.235275342 | 11.38092063 |
| 1.58 | 0.240819258 | 11.44281407 |
| 1.59 | 0.246290147 | 11.53172402 |
| 1.6 | 0.243652913 | 11.64299647 |
| 1.61 | 0.25211538 | 11.70912303 |
| 1.62 | 0.248830057 | 11.78354431 |
| 1.63 | 0.264448459 | 11.86507198 |
| 1.64 | 0.258451056 | 11.92798378 |
| 1.65 | 0.265882655 | 12.01168987 |
| 1.66 | 0.278561249 | 12.06969744 |
| 1.67 | 0.278188678 | 12.1875916 |
| 1.68 | 0.28090035 | 12.2404618 |
| 1.69 | 0.290244511 | 12.34683125 |
| 1.7 | 0.316481841 | 12.37053599 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
Thermally evaporated Au at 10 Å/s with base pressure of 3e-8 Torr, template stripped from Si wafer