Optical constants
Refractive index of Au (Gold)
Rosenblatt et al. 2020: 44-nm film; n,k 0.30–2.0 µm
- Data
- tabulated nk
- Range
- 0.25–2 µm
- Points
- 176
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 0.245513
- Extinction coefficient k
- 2.90403
- Permittivity ε1
- -8.3731
- Permittivity ε2
- 1.42595
- Absorption coefficient α
- 621053 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- 32.2034 nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -1.78264 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 1.29299
- Group velocity dispersion
- — fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- — ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 2.11001 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# Au (Gold): Rosenblatt et al. 2020: 44-nm film; n,k 0.30–2.0 µm
au = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "Au", "Rosenblatt-44nm", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(au.range_nm) # (250, 2000) nm
eps = au.eps([633]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_61d1a4e34f28/lightsmith"
au = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(au.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (au/rosenblatt-2020-44nm).
# ... load au as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=au)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- film thickness
- 44e-9
- substrate
- SiO2
References
- doi:10.1103/physrevx.10.011071 Nonmodal Plasmonics: Controlling the Forced Optical Response of Nanostructures, Physical Review X (2020)
Cite
Gilad Rosenblatt, Boris Simkhovich, Guy Bartal and Meir Orenstein. Nonmodal Plasmonics: Controlling the Forced Optical Response of Nanostructures. Physical Review X, 10, 011071 (2020), doi:10.1103/physrevx.10.011071; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
176 rows as published| λ (µm) | n | k |
|---|---|---|
| 0.25 | 1.32067672 | 1.6846827 |
| 0.26 | 1.35508255 | 1.74843756 |
| 0.27 | 1.39869692 | 1.8036149 |
| 0.28 | 1.44819978 | 1.84743633 |
| 0.29 | 1.49980774 | 1.87816176 |
| 0.3 | 1.549358 | 1.89515625 |
| 0.31 | 1.59249629 | 1.89910863 |
| 0.32 | 1.62509791 | 1.89227573 |
| 0.33 | 1.64395789 | 1.87854973 |
| 0.34 | 1.6476369 | 1.86312232 |
| 0.35 | 1.63717909 | 1.85160411 |
| 0.36 | 1.61631128 | 1.84867341 |
| 0.37 | 1.59079984 | 1.85662377 |
| 0.38 | 1.56694762 | 1.87440619 |
| 0.39 | 1.54968043 | 1.8976963 |
| 0.4 | 1.54097638 | 1.92005902 |
| 0.41 | 1.5392115 | 1.93473286 |
| 0.42 | 1.53949095 | 1.93638477 |
| 0.43 | 1.53469612 | 1.92241927 |
| 0.44 | 1.51697813 | 1.89366572 |
| 0.45 | 1.47963042 | 1.8541867 |
| 0.46 | 1.41692677 | 1.80810581 |
| 0.47 | 1.32145772 | 1.76614969 |
| 0.48 | 1.19431022 | 1.74252537 |
| 0.49 | 1.04285462 | 1.75015988 |
| 0.5 | 0.880870269 | 1.79799722 |
| 0.51 | 0.725886432 | 1.88658879 |
| 0.52 | 0.592474964 | 2.0068712 |
| 0.53 | 0.486963985 | 2.1451468 |
| 0.54 | 0.408187403 | 2.289338 |
| 0.55 | 0.351286818 | 2.43155133 |
| 0.56 | 0.310641814 | 2.56767434 |
| 0.57 | 0.281228915 | 2.69618702 |
| 0.58 | 0.25906084 | 2.81714449 |
| 0.59 | 0.241234417 | 2.93146343 |
| 0.6 | 0.225824859 | 3.04043777 |
| 0.61 | 0.211715866 | 3.14541315 |
| 0.62 | 0.198404096 | 3.24757983 |
| 0.63 | 0.185803171 | 3.34786004 |
| 0.64 | 0.174067789 | 3.44686865 |
| 0.65 | 0.163452823 | 3.54492155 |
| 0.66 | 0.15421503 | 3.64204726 |
| 0.67 | 0.146286397 | 3.73788148 |
| 0.68 | 0.139186236 | 3.83271676 |
| 0.69 | 0.133069066 | 3.92680361 |
| 0.7 | 0.128023452 | 4.02013923 |
| 0.71 | 0.124055758 | 4.11266457 |
| 0.72 | 0.121114182 | 4.20431539 |
| 0.73 | 0.119110689 | 4.29504316 |
| 0.74 | 0.117938746 | 4.38482221 |
| 0.75 | 0.117486435 | 4.47364997 |
| 0.76 | 0.117645311 | 4.56154383 |
| 0.77 | 0.118315799 | 4.64853662 |
| 0.78 | 0.119409948 | 4.734672 |
| 0.79 | 0.120852341 | 4.82000033 |
| 0.8 | 0.122579806 | 4.90457529 |
| 0.81 | 0.12454042 | 4.98845128 |
| 0.82 | 0.126692166 | 5.07168155 |
| 0.83 | 0.12900148 | 5.154317 |
| 0.84 | 0.131441842 | 5.23640537 |
| 0.85 | 0.133992485 | 5.31799094 |
| 0.86 | 0.136637272 | 5.39911433 |
| 0.87 | 0.139363745 | 5.47981263 |
| 0.88 | 0.142162335 | 5.5601195 |
| 0.89 | 0.145025725 | 5.64006546 |
| 0.9 | 0.147948339 | 5.71967816 |
| 0.91 | 0.150925943 | 5.7989826 |
| 0.92 | 0.153955326 | 5.87800145 |
| 0.93 | 0.157034059 | 5.95675528 |
| 0.94 | 0.16016031 | 6.0352628 |
| 0.95 | 0.163332697 | 6.11354106 |
| 0.96 | 0.166550183 | 6.19160563 |
| 0.97 | 0.169811989 | 6.26947079 |
| 0.98 | 0.173117538 | 6.34714966 |
| 0.99 | 0.176466402 | 6.4246543 |
| 1.0 | 0.179858269 | 6.50199588 |
| 1.01 | 0.183292917 | 6.57918472 |
| 1.02 | 0.186770194 | 6.65623041 |
| 1.03 | 0.190290001 | 6.73314187 |
| 1.04 | 0.19385228 | 6.80992743 |
| 1.05 | 0.19745701 | 6.88659486 |
| 1.06 | 0.201104196 | 6.96315145 |
| 1.07 | 0.204793866 | 7.03960403 |
| 1.08 | 0.208526064 | 7.11595903 |
| 1.09 | 0.212300852 | 7.1922225 |
| 1.1 | 0.216118306 | 7.26840015 |
| 1.11 | 0.219978511 | 7.34449738 |
| 1.12 | 0.223881564 | 7.42051928 |
| 1.13 | 0.22782757 | 7.49647071 |
| 1.14 | 0.231816642 | 7.57235625 |
| 1.15 | 0.235848901 | 7.64818026 |
| 1.16 | 0.239924474 | 7.7239469 |
| 1.17 | 0.244043495 | 7.79966012 |
| 1.18 | 0.248206103 | 7.87532369 |
| 1.19 | 0.252412443 | 7.95094122 |
| 1.2 | 0.256662666 | 8.02651614 |
| 1.21 | 0.260956926 | 8.10205175 |
| 1.22 | 0.265295384 | 8.17755121 |
| 1.23 | 0.269678203 | 8.25301754 |
| 1.24 | 0.274105553 | 8.32845365 |
| 1.25 | 0.278577607 | 8.40386232 |
| 1.26 | 0.283094541 | 8.47924624 |
| 1.27 | 0.287656538 | 8.55460799 |
| 1.28 | 0.292263781 | 8.62995005 |
| 1.29 | 0.296916461 | 8.70527482 |
| 1.3 | 0.301614769 | 8.78058462 |
| 1.31 | 0.306358903 | 8.85588167 |
| 1.32 | 0.311149062 | 8.93116814 |
| 1.33 | 0.315985449 | 9.00644611 |
| 1.34 | 0.320868272 | 9.08171761 |
| 1.35 | 0.325797742 | 9.15698459 |
| 1.36 | 0.330774071 | 9.23224894 |
| 1.37 | 0.335797479 | 9.30751251 |
| 1.38 | 0.340868185 | 9.38277709 |
| 1.39 | 0.345986414 | 9.45804441 |
| 1.4 | 0.351152393 | 9.53331615 |
| 1.41 | 0.356366352 | 9.60859395 |
| 1.42 | 0.361628527 | 9.68387942 |
| 1.43 | 0.366939154 | 9.7591741 |
| 1.44 | 0.372298474 | 9.83447952 |
| 1.45 | 0.377706731 | 9.90979714 |
| 1.46 | 0.383164172 | 9.98512842 |
| 1.47 | 0.388671047 | 10.0604748 |
| 1.48 | 0.394227611 | 10.1358375 |
| 1.49 | 0.399834119 | 10.2112181 |
| 1.5 | 0.405490833 | 10.2866177 |
| 1.51 | 0.411198015 | 10.3620378 |
| 1.52 | 0.416955933 | 10.4374794 |
| 1.53 | 0.422764857 | 10.512944 |
| 1.54 | 0.428625059 | 10.5884326 |
| 1.55 | 0.434536816 | 10.6639465 |
| 1.56 | 0.440500409 | 10.7394868 |
| 1.57 | 0.44651612 | 10.8150547 |
| 1.58 | 0.452584236 | 10.8906513 |
| 1.59 | 0.458705047 | 10.9662777 |
| 1.6 | 0.464878846 | 11.0419349 |
| 1.61 | 0.47110593 | 11.1176242 |
| 1.62 | 0.477386599 | 11.1933464 |
| 1.63 | 0.483721157 | 11.2691026 |
| 1.64 | 0.49010991 | 11.3448939 |
| 1.65 | 0.496553168 | 11.4207213 |
| 1.66 | 0.503051246 | 11.4965857 |
| 1.67 | 0.509604461 | 11.572488 |
| 1.68 | 0.516213134 | 11.6484294 |
| 1.69 | 0.522877588 | 11.7244107 |
| 1.7 | 0.529598154 | 11.8004328 |
| 1.71 | 0.53637516 | 11.8764967 |
| 1.72 | 0.543208944 | 11.9526033 |
| 1.73 | 0.550099844 | 12.0287535 |
| 1.74 | 0.557048203 | 12.1049481 |
| 1.75 | 0.564054366 | 12.1811882 |
| 1.76 | 0.571118684 | 12.2574745 |
| 1.77 | 0.578241511 | 12.3338079 |
| 1.78 | 0.585423204 | 12.4101892 |
| 1.79 | 0.592664125 | 12.4866194 |
| 1.8 | 0.599964638 | 12.5630992 |
| 1.81 | 0.607325113 | 12.6396295 |
| 1.82 | 0.614745924 | 12.7162111 |
| 1.83 | 0.622227447 | 12.7928448 |
| 1.84 | 0.629770063 | 12.8695315 |
| 1.85 | 0.637374157 | 12.9462719 |
| 1.86 | 0.645040119 | 13.0230669 |
| 1.87 | 0.652768341 | 13.0999172 |
| 1.88 | 0.660559222 | 13.1768237 |
| 1.89 | 0.668413162 | 13.253787 |
| 1.9 | 0.676330567 | 13.330808 |
| 1.91 | 0.684311848 | 13.4078875 |
| 1.92 | 0.692357419 | 13.4850263 |
| 1.93 | 0.700467698 | 13.562225 |
| 1.94 | 0.708643108 | 13.6394845 |
| 1.95 | 0.716884077 | 13.7168055 |
| 1.96 | 0.725191037 | 13.7941888 |
| 1.97 | 0.733564424 | 13.8716351 |
| 1.98 | 0.742004679 | 13.9491451 |
| 1.99 | 0.750512247 | 14.0267197 |
| 2.0 | 0.759087579 | 14.1043595 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
44 nm Au film. Measured using a J.A Woollam VASE ellipsometer at room temperature.