Optical constants
Refractive index of GaN (Gallium nitride)
Barker and Ilegems 1973: n(o) 0.35–10 µm
- Data
- formula 1
- Range
- 0.35–10 µm
- Temperature
- 300 K
- Optical axis
- o
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Uniaxial crystal, axes: oe
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 2.39907
- Extinction coefficient k
- 0
- Permittivity ε1
- 5.75554
- Permittivity ε2
- 0
- Absorption coefficient α
- 0 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- — nm
- Abbe number Vd
- 18.782
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -0.362122 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 2.61185
- Group velocity dispersion
- 842.545 fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- -4596.53 ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 2.11001 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# GaN (Gallium nitride): Barker and Ilegems 1973: n(o) 0.35–10 µm
gan = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "GaN", "Barker-o", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(gan.range_nm) # (350, 10000) nm
eps = gan.eps([633]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_60a8c81e2cba/lightsmith"
gan = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(gan.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (gan/barker-ilegems-1973-o).
# ... load gan as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=gan)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_60a8c81e2cba/lightsmith?model=drude_lorentz"
gan_dl = ls.DrudeLorentz.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
A dispersive Drude–Lorentz model for time-domain solvers.
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Dispersion formula
Sellmeier (formula 1), λ in µmValid from 0.35 to 10.0 µm.
Coefficients as stored
| Ci | Value |
|---|---|
| C1 | 2.6 |
| C2 | 1.75 |
| C3 | 0.256 |
| C4 | 4.1 |
| C5 | 17.86 |
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- temperature
- 300 K
- direction
- o
References
- doi:10.1103/physrevb.7.743 Infrared Lattice Vibrations and Free-Electron Dispersion in GaN, Physical Review B (1973)
Cite
A. S. Barker and M. Ilegems. Infrared Lattice Vibrations and Free-Electron Dispersion in GaN. Physical Review B, 7, 743-750 (1973), doi:10.1103/physrevb.7.743; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library| λ (µm) | n |
|---|---|
| 0.35 | 2.713258 |
| 0.352953 | 2.700176 |
| 0.355931 | 2.687724 |
| 0.358934 | 2.675859 |
| 0.361963 | 2.664542 |
| 0.365017 | 2.653737 |
| 0.368097 | 2.64341 |
| 0.371202 | 2.633532 |
| 0.374334 | 2.624076 |
| 0.377493 | 2.615015 |
| 0.380678 | 2.606327 |
| 0.38389 | 2.59799 |
| 0.387129 | 2.589985 |
| 0.390395 | 2.582292 |
| 0.393689 | 2.574894 |
| 0.397011 | 2.567777 |
| 0.400361 | 2.560924 |
| 0.403739 | 2.554323 |
| 0.407145 | 2.547961 |
| 0.41058 | 2.541825 |
| 0.414045 | 2.535904 |
| 0.417538 | 2.530189 |
| 0.421061 | 2.524669 |
| 0.424614 | 2.519335 |
| 0.428196 | 2.514178 |
| 0.431809 | 2.509191 |
| 0.435453 | 2.504366 |
| 0.439127 | 2.499695 |
| 0.442832 | 2.495172 |
| 0.446568 | 2.490791 |
| 0.450336 | 2.486545 |
| 0.454136 | 2.482429 |
| 0.457967 | 2.478438 |
| 0.461831 | 2.474566 |
| 0.465728 | 2.470808 |
| 0.469658 | 2.467161 |
| 0.47362 | 2.46362 |
| 0.477616 | 2.46018 |
| 0.481646 | 2.456838 |
| 0.48571 | 2.45359 |
| 0.489808 | 2.450432 |
| 0.493941 | 2.447362 |
| 0.498109 | 2.444376 |
| 0.502311 | 2.441471 |
| 0.50655 | 2.438644 |
| 0.510824 | 2.435892 |
| 0.515134 | 2.433213 |
| 0.51948 | 2.430604 |
| 0.523863 | 2.428063 |
| 0.528283 | 2.425587 |
| 0.53274 | 2.423174 |
| 0.537235 | 2.420823 |
| 0.541768 | 2.418531 |
| 0.546339 | 2.416296 |
| 0.550949 | 2.414117 |
| 0.555598 | 2.411991 |
| 0.560285 | 2.409917 |
| 0.565013 | 2.407893 |
| 0.56978 | 2.405918 |
| 0.574588 | 2.40399 |
| 0.579436 | 2.402108 |
| 0.584325 | 2.40027 |
| 0.589255 | 2.398475 |
| 0.594227 | 2.396722 |
| 0.59924 | 2.395009 |
| 0.604296 | 2.393336 |
| 0.609395 | 2.391701 |
| 0.614537 | 2.390102 |
| 0.619722 | 2.38854 |
| 0.624951 | 2.387013 |
| 0.630224 | 2.385519 |
| 0.635541 | 2.384059 |
| 0.640903 | 2.382631 |
| 0.646311 | 2.381234 |
| 0.651764 | 2.379867 |
| 0.657263 | 2.378529 |
| 0.662809 | 2.377221 |
| 0.668401 | 2.37594 |
| 0.674041 | 2.374686 |
| 0.679728 | 2.373459 |
| 0.685463 | 2.372257 |
| 0.691247 | 2.371081 |
| 0.697079 | 2.369929 |
| 0.702961 | 2.3688 |
| 0.708892 | 2.367695 |
| 0.714873 | 2.366612 |
| 0.720905 | 2.365551 |
| 0.726987 | 2.364512 |
| 0.733121 | 2.363493 |
| 0.739307 | 2.362494 |
| 0.745545 | 2.361516 |
| 0.751835 | 2.360556 |
| 0.758179 | 2.359616 |
| 0.764576 | 2.358693 |
| 0.771027 | 2.357789 |
| 0.777532 | 2.356902 |
| 0.784093 | 2.356032 |
| 0.790709 | 2.355178 |
| 0.79738 | 2.354341 |
| 0.804108 | 2.353519 |
| 0.810892 | 2.352713 |
| 0.817734 | 2.351921 |
| 0.824634 | 2.351145 |
| 0.831592 | 2.350382 |
| 0.838608 | 2.349634 |
| 0.845684 | 2.348899 |
| 0.852819 | 2.348177 |
| 0.860015 | 2.347469 |
| 0.867271 | 2.346773 |
| 0.874589 | 2.346089 |
| 0.881968 | 2.345417 |
| 0.889409 | 2.344757 |
| 0.896914 | 2.344108 |
| 0.904481 | 2.343471 |
| 0.912113 | 2.342845 |
| 0.919809 | 2.342229 |
| 0.92757 | 2.341623 |
| 0.935396 | 2.341028 |
| 0.943288 | 2.340443 |
| 0.951247 | 2.339867 |
| 0.959273 | 2.339301 |
| 0.967367 | 2.338744 |
| 0.975529 | 2.338196 |
| 0.98376 | 2.337656 |
| 0.99206 | 2.337125 |
| 1.00043 | 2.336603 |
| 1.00887 | 2.336089 |
| 1.01738 | 2.335582 |
| 1.02597 | 2.335084 |
| 1.03462 | 2.334592 |
| 1.04335 | 2.334109 |
| 1.05216 | 2.333632 |
| 1.06104 | 2.333163 |
| 1.06999 | 2.3327 |
| 1.07902 | 2.332244 |
| 1.08812 | 2.331794 |
| 1.0973 | 2.331351 |
| 1.10656 | 2.330914 |
| 1.1159 | 2.330483 |
| 1.12531 | 2.330058 |
| 1.13481 | 2.329638 |
| 1.14438 | 2.329224 |
| 1.15404 | 2.328816 |
| 1.16377 | 2.328412 |
| 1.17359 | 2.328014 |
| 1.18349 | 2.327621 |
| 1.19348 | 2.327232 |
| 1.20355 | 2.326848 |
| 1.2137 | 2.326469 |
| 1.22395 | 2.326094 |
| 1.23427 | 2.325724 |
| 1.24469 | 2.325358 |
| 1.25519 | 2.324995 |
| 1.26578 | 2.324637 |
| 1.27646 | 2.324282 |
| 1.28723 | 2.323931 |
| 1.29809 | 2.323584 |
| 1.30904 | 2.32324 |
| 1.32009 | 2.3229 |
| 1.33122 | 2.322562 |
| 1.34246 | 2.322228 |
| 1.35378 | 2.321897 |
| 1.36521 | 2.321569 |
| 1.37673 | 2.321243 |
| 1.38834 | 2.32092 |
| 1.40006 | 2.3206 |
| 1.41187 | 2.320282 |
| 1.42378 | 2.319966 |
| 1.43579 | 2.319653 |
| 1.44791 | 2.319342 |
| 1.46012 | 2.319033 |
| 1.47244 | 2.318726 |
| 1.48487 | 2.31842 |
| 1.4974 | 2.318117 |
| 1.51003 | 2.317815 |
| 1.52277 | 2.317515 |
| 1.53562 | 2.317216 |
| 1.54858 | 2.316918 |
| 1.56164 | 2.316622 |
| 1.57482 | 2.316327 |
| 1.58811 | 2.316033 |
| 1.60151 | 2.315741 |
| 1.61502 | 2.315449 |
| 1.62864 | 2.315157 |
| 1.64239 | 2.314867 |
| 1.65624 | 2.314577 |
| 1.67022 | 2.314288 |
| 1.68431 | 2.313999 |
| 1.69852 | 2.313711 |
| 1.71285 | 2.313423 |
| 1.7273 | 2.313135 |
| 1.74188 | 2.312847 |
| 1.75658 | 2.312559 |
| 1.7714 | 2.312271 |
| 1.78634 | 2.311983 |
| 1.80141 | 2.311694 |
| 1.81661 | 2.311406 |
| 1.83194 | 2.311116 |
| 1.8474 | 2.310827 |
| 1.86299 | 2.310536 |
| 1.8787 | 2.310245 |
| 1.89456 | 2.309954 |
| 1.91054 | 2.309661 |
| 1.92666 | 2.309367 |
| 1.94292 | 2.309073 |
| 1.95931 | 2.308777 |
| 1.97584 | 2.30848 |
| 1.99251 | 2.308181 |
| 2.00932 | 2.307881 |
| 2.02628 | 2.30758 |
| 2.04337 | 2.307277 |
| 2.06062 | 2.306972 |
| 2.078 | 2.306665 |
| 2.09553 | 2.306357 |
| 2.11322 | 2.306046 |
| 2.13105 | 2.305734 |
| 2.14903 | 2.305419 |
| 2.16716 | 2.305102 |
| 2.18544 | 2.304783 |
| 2.20388 | 2.304461 |
| 2.22248 | 2.304136 |
| 2.24123 | 2.303809 |
| 2.26014 | 2.303479 |
| 2.27921 | 2.303146 |
| 2.29844 | 2.30281 |
| 2.31783 | 2.302472 |
| 2.33739 | 2.302129 |
| 2.35711 | 2.301784 |
| 2.377 | 2.301435 |
| 2.39706 | 2.301083 |
| 2.41728 | 2.300727 |
| 2.43768 | 2.300367 |
| 2.45824 | 2.300003 |
| 2.47899 | 2.299635 |
| 2.4999 | 2.299264 |
| 2.52099 | 2.298888 |
| 2.54226 | 2.298507 |
| 2.56371 | 2.298122 |
| 2.58535 | 2.297733 |
| 2.60716 | 2.297339 |
| 2.62916 | 2.29694 |
| 2.65134 | 2.296536 |
| 2.67371 | 2.296127 |
| 2.69627 | 2.295713 |
| 2.71902 | 2.295293 |
| 2.74196 | 2.294868 |
| 2.7651 | 2.294437 |
| 2.78843 | 2.294001 |
| 2.81195 | 2.293558 |
| 2.83568 | 2.29311 |
| 2.85961 | 2.292655 |
| 2.88373 | 2.292194 |
| 2.90806 | 2.291726 |
| 2.9326 | 2.291251 |
| 2.95734 | 2.29077 |
| 2.9823 | 2.290282 |
| 3.00746 | 2.289787 |
| 3.03283 | 2.289284 |
| 3.05842 | 2.288774 |
| 3.08423 | 2.288256 |
| 3.11025 | 2.28773 |
| 3.13649 | 2.287196 |
| 3.16296 | 2.286654 |
| 3.18965 | 2.286103 |
| 3.21656 | 2.285544 |
| 3.2437 | 2.284976 |
| 3.27107 | 2.284399 |
| 3.29867 | 2.283813 |
| 3.3265 | 2.283218 |
| 3.35456 | 2.282613 |
| 3.38287 | 2.281998 |
| 3.41141 | 2.281373 |
| 3.4402 | 2.280737 |
| 3.46922 | 2.280092 |
| 3.49849 | 2.279435 |
| 3.52801 | 2.278767 |
| 3.55778 | 2.278089 |
| 3.5878 | 2.277399 |
| 3.61807 | 2.276697 |
| 3.6486 | 2.275983 |
| 3.67938 | 2.275256 |
| 3.71042 | 2.274518 |
| 3.74173 | 2.273766 |
| 3.7733 | 2.273002 |
| 3.80514 | 2.272224 |
| 3.83724 | 2.271432 |
| 3.86962 | 2.270627 |
| 3.90227 | 2.269807 |
| 3.9352 | 2.268972 |
| 3.9684 | 2.268123 |
| 4.00188 | 2.267258 |
| 4.03565 | 2.266378 |
| 4.0697 | 2.265482 |
| 4.10404 | 2.264569 |
| 4.13866 | 2.26364 |
| 4.17358 | 2.262694 |
| 4.2088 | 2.26173 |
| 4.24431 | 2.260749 |
| 4.28012 | 2.259749 |
| 4.31623 | 2.258731 |
| 4.35265 | 2.257694 |
| 4.38937 | 2.256637 |
| 4.42641 | 2.25556 |
| 4.46376 | 2.254463 |
| 4.50142 | 2.253345 |
| 4.5394 | 2.252206 |
| 4.5777 | 2.251045 |
| 4.61633 | 2.249861 |
| 4.65528 | 2.248655 |
| 4.69455 | 2.247425 |
| 4.73416 | 2.246171 |
| 4.77411 | 2.244893 |
| 4.81439 | 2.24359 |
| 4.85501 | 2.242261 |
| 4.89597 | 2.240906 |
| 4.93728 | 2.239523 |
| 4.97894 | 2.238114 |
| 5.02095 | 2.236676 |
| 5.06331 | 2.235209 |
| 5.10604 | 2.233712 |
| 5.14912 | 2.232186 |
| 5.19256 | 2.230628 |
| 5.23637 | 2.229038 |
| 5.28056 | 2.227416 |
| 5.32511 | 2.22576 |
| 5.37004 | 2.22407 |
| 5.41535 | 2.222344 |
| 5.46104 | 2.220583 |
| 5.50712 | 2.218785 |
| 5.55358 | 2.216949 |
| 5.60044 | 2.215074 |
| 5.6477 | 2.213159 |
| 5.69535 | 2.211203 |
| 5.7434 | 2.209205 |
| 5.79186 | 2.207164 |
| 5.84073 | 2.205079 |
| 5.89001 | 2.202948 |
| 5.93971 | 2.200771 |
| 5.98982 | 2.198545 |
| 6.04036 | 2.196271 |
| 6.09133 | 2.193946 |
| 6.14272 | 2.191569 |
| 6.19455 | 2.189139 |
| 6.24682 | 2.186653 |
| 6.29952 | 2.184111 |
| 6.35267 | 2.181511 |
| 6.40627 | 2.178852 |
| 6.46033 | 2.176131 |
| 6.51484 | 2.173346 |
| 6.5698 | 2.170497 |
| 6.62524 | 2.16758 |
| 6.68114 | 2.164595 |
| 6.73751 | 2.161538 |
| 6.79435 | 2.158408 |
| 6.85168 | 2.155203 |
| 6.90949 | 2.15192 |
| 6.96779 | 2.148556 |
| 7.02658 | 2.14511 |
| 7.08587 | 2.141578 |
| 7.14565 | 2.137958 |
| 7.20594 | 2.134248 |
| 7.26674 | 2.130443 |
| 7.32806 | 2.126541 |
| 7.38989 | 2.122539 |
| 7.45224 | 2.118433 |
| 7.51511 | 2.11422 |
| 7.57852 | 2.109896 |
| 7.64247 | 2.105457 |
| 7.70695 | 2.1009 |
| 7.77198 | 2.09622 |
| 7.83755 | 2.091412 |
| 7.90368 | 2.086472 |
| 7.97037 | 2.081396 |
| 8.03762 | 2.076177 |
| 8.10543 | 2.070811 |
| 8.17382 | 2.065293 |
| 8.24279 | 2.059615 |
| 8.31234 | 2.053773 |
| 8.38247 | 2.047759 |
| 8.4532 | 2.041566 |
| 8.52452 | 2.035188 |
| 8.59644 | 2.028617 |
| 8.66898 | 2.021844 |
| 8.74212 | 2.014861 |
| 8.81588 | 2.00766 |
| 8.89026 | 2.00023 |
| 8.96528 | 1.992561 |
| 9.04092 | 1.984643 |
| 9.1172 | 1.976464 |
| 9.19413 | 1.968012 |
| 9.2717 | 1.959274 |
| 9.34993 | 1.950237 |
| 9.42882 | 1.940885 |
| 9.50837 | 1.931204 |
| 9.5886 | 1.921176 |
| 9.6695 | 1.910783 |
| 9.75109 | 1.900007 |
| 9.83336 | 1.888826 |
| 9.91633 | 1.877219 |
| 10 | 1.865161 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
α-GaN (wurtzite); Ordinary ray (o); 300 K (27 °C).