Optical constants

Refractive index of GaN (Gallium nitride)

Kawashima et al. 1997: thin film; n,k 0.124–0.992 µm

Data
tabulated nk
Range
0.124–0.9919 µm
Points
500
Optical axis
o
State
crystalline
Licence
CC0-1.0

Uniaxial crystal, axes: o

Plot

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Range 0.124–0.9919 µm
Refractive index n
2.3081
Extinction coefficient k
0.064339
Permittivity ε1
5.32321
Permittivity ε2
0.297002
Absorption coefficient α
13759.5 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
1453.54 nm
Abbe number Vd
—
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
-0.474227 µm⁻¹
Group index ng
2.58676
Group velocity dispersion
— fs²/mm
Dispersion parameter D
— ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy
2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls

# GaN (Gallium nitride): Kawashima et al. 1997: thin film; n,k 0.124–0.992 µm
gan = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "GaN", "Kawashima", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(gan.range_nm)  # (123.98, 991.87) nm
eps = gan.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

Single-crystalline hexagonal GaN (α-GaN) film on (0001) sapphire substrate. Ordinary ray (o, E⊥c). Room temperature.

Conditions

substrate
sapphire
direction
o

References

1) T. Kawashima, H. Yoshikawa, S. Adachi. Optical properties of hexagonal GaN. J. Appl. Phys. 82, 3528-3535 (1997)
2) S. Logothetidis, J. Petalas, M. Cardona, T. D. Moustakas. Optical properties and temperature dependence of the interband transitions of cubic and hexagonal GaN. Phys. Rev. B 50, 18017-18029 (1994)
* Authors of Ref. 1 provide a simplified model of the interband transitions (MDF) based on their experimental data combined with experimental data from Ref. 2.
[Calculation script (Python)]
  • doi:10.1063/1.365671 Optical properties of hexagonal GaN, Journal of Applied Physics (1997)
  • doi:10.1103/physrevb.50.18017 Optical properties and temperature dependence of the interband transitions of cubic and hexagonal GaN, Physical Review B (1994)

Cite

Takahiro Kawashima, Hisashi Yoshikawa, Sadao Adachi, Shunro Fuke and Kohji Ohtsuka. Optical properties of hexagonal GaN. Journal of Applied Physics, 82, 3528-3535 (1997), doi:10.1063/1.365671; S. Logothetidis, J. Petalas, M. Cardona and T. D. Moustakas. Optical properties and temperature dependence of the interband transitions of cubic and hexagonal GaN. Physical Review B, 50, 18017-18029 (1994), doi:10.1103/physrevb.50.18017; [Calculation script (Python)]; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

500 rows as published
GaN (Gallium nitride), Kawashima et al. 1997: thin film; n,k 0.124–0.992 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)nk
0.123980.901171.4895
0.12420.907841.497
0.124420.914661.5044
0.124640.921621.5118
0.124860.928731.5191
0.125080.935991.5264
0.12530.94341.5336
0.125520.950961.5407
0.125750.958671.5478
0.125970.966541.5548
0.12620.974551.5617
0.126420.982721.5685
0.126650.991041.5752
0.126880.999511.5818
0.12711.00811.5883
0.127331.01691.5947
0.127561.02581.601
0.127791.03491.6071
0.128031.04411.6131
0.128261.05351.619
0.128491.0631.6247
0.128721.07261.6302
0.128961.08231.6356
0.129191.09221.6408
0.129431.10221.6458
0.129671.11241.6507
0.129911.12261.6553
0.130151.13291.6597
0.130391.14341.664
0.130631.15391.668
0.130871.16451.6718
0.131111.17521.6753
0.131351.1861.6786
0.13161.19681.6817
0.131841.20761.6845
0.132091.21851.6871
0.132341.22941.6894
0.132591.24031.6915
0.132841.25121.6933
0.133091.26211.6948
0.133341.2731.696
0.133591.28381.697
0.133841.29451.6978
0.13411.30521.6982
0.134351.31581.6984
0.134611.32621.6983
0.134861.33661.698
0.135121.34681.6974
0.135381.35691.6966
0.135641.36681.6955
0.13591.37651.6942
0.136161.3861.6927
0.136421.39531.691
0.136691.40441.689
0.136951.41331.6869
0.137221.42191.6846
0.137481.43021.6822
0.137751.43831.6796
0.138021.44611.6769
0.138291.45351.6741
0.138561.46071.6712
0.138831.46761.6682
0.139111.47421.6652
0.139381.48041.6621
0.139661.48631.6591
0.139931.4921.6561
0.140211.49721.6531
0.140491.50221.6501
0.140771.50681.6473
0.141051.51121.6446
0.141331.51521.642
0.141621.51891.6395
0.14191.52231.6373
0.142181.52541.6352
0.142471.52831.6333
0.142761.53091.6317
0.143051.53321.6304
0.143341.53541.6294
0.143631.53731.6286
0.143921.5391.6282
0.144211.54051.6281
0.144511.5421.6284
0.144811.54321.6291
0.14511.54441.6302
0.14541.54551.6317
0.14571.54661.6336
0.1461.54771.636
0.14631.54881.6388
0.146611.551.6421
0.146911.55121.6458
0.147221.55261.65
0.147521.55421.6547
0.147831.5561.6599
0.148141.55811.6655
0.148451.56051.6716
0.148771.56331.6781
0.149081.56651.6851
0.149391.57021.6925
0.149711.57441.7002
0.150031.57921.7083
0.150351.58471.7167
0.150671.59081.7254
0.150991.59771.7342
0.151311.60531.7431
0.151641.61381.7521
0.151961.62321.761
0.152291.63341.7697
0.152621.64451.7781
0.152951.65651.7862
0.153281.66941.7936
0.153611.68311.8005
0.153951.69751.8065
0.154281.71251.8116
0.154621.7281.8157
0.154961.74391.8187
0.15531.761.8204
0.155641.77611.821
0.155991.79191.8203
0.156331.80741.8185
0.156681.82221.8156
0.157031.83621.8117
0.157381.84931.807
0.157731.86131.8017
0.158081.87221.796
0.158431.8821.79
0.158791.89051.784
0.159151.89791.7783
0.159511.90431.7729
0.159871.90981.7681
0.160231.91441.7639
0.160591.91831.7605
0.160961.92171.758
0.161321.92471.7563
0.161691.92751.7556
0.162061.93021.7558
0.162441.93291.757
0.162811.93581.759
0.163191.9391.7618
0.163561.94251.7654
0.163941.94641.7698
0.164321.95091.7748
0.164711.9561.7804
0.165091.96161.7865
0.165481.9681.7931
0.165871.97511.8001
0.166261.9831.8073
0.166651.99161.8148
0.167042.00091.8225
0.167442.01111.8303
0.167832.02211.8381
0.168232.03391.846
0.168642.04651.8537
0.169042.05991.8613
0.169442.07411.8687
0.169852.08911.8758
0.170262.10491.8826
0.170672.12131.8891
0.171082.13861.8951
0.17152.15651.9007
0.171922.17511.9057
0.172332.19441.9102
0.172762.21431.9141
0.173182.23481.9173
0.17362.25581.9198
0.174032.27731.9216
0.174462.29941.9226
0.174892.32181.9227
0.175332.34461.9221
0.175762.36771.9205
0.17622.39111.9181
0.176642.41471.9147
0.177082.43851.9104
0.177532.46241.9051
0.177972.48631.8988
0.178422.51021.8916
0.178872.5341.8834
0.179332.55771.8742
0.179782.58121.8641
0.180242.60441.853
0.18072.62731.8409
0.181172.64981.828
0.181632.67181.8141
0.18212.69341.7994
0.182572.71441.7839
0.183042.73481.7675
0.183522.75461.7505
0.183992.77371.7327
0.184472.79211.7143
0.184962.80971.6953
0.185442.82661.6757
0.185932.84261.6556
0.186422.85791.6351
0.186912.87231.6142
0.187412.88591.593
0.187912.89861.5714
0.188412.91051.5497
0.188912.92151.5278
0.189422.93171.5057
0.189932.9411.4835
0.190442.94951.4614
0.190952.95731.4392
0.191472.96421.417
0.191992.97041.395
0.192512.97581.3731
0.193042.98051.3513
0.193562.98451.3298
0.19412.98781.3084
0.194632.99051.2873
0.195172.99261.2665
0.195712.99411.246
0.196252.9951.2257
0.19682.99541.2058
0.197352.99531.1862
0.19792.99471.167
0.198452.99361.1481
0.199012.99221.1296
0.199572.99031.1114
0.200142.98811.0937
0.200712.98561.0763
0.201282.98271.0593
0.201852.97951.0426
0.202432.9761.0264
0.203012.97231.0105
0.20362.96830.99501
0.204192.96420.9799
0.204782.95980.96515
0.205372.95520.95077
0.205972.95050.93674
0.206572.94560.92308
0.207182.94060.90976
0.207792.93550.89679
0.20842.93030.88415
0.209012.9250.87185
0.209632.91960.85987
0.210262.91410.8482
0.210882.90860.83685
0.211512.9030.82579
0.212152.89740.81504
0.212792.89170.80457
0.213432.8860.79438
0.214082.88030.78446
0.214732.87460.77481
0.215382.86890.76542
0.216042.86320.75629
0.21672.85750.7474
0.217372.85180.73875
0.218042.84610.73033
0.218712.84040.72213
0.219392.83480.71416
0.220072.82920.7064
0.220762.82360.69885
0.221452.81810.69149
0.222152.81260.68434
0.222852.80720.67737
0.223552.80180.67058
0.224262.79640.66398
0.224972.79110.65754
0.225692.78590.65128
0.226422.78070.64517
0.227142.77560.63923
0.227882.77050.63343
0.228612.76550.62779
0.229352.76050.62229
0.23012.75560.61692
0.230852.75080.61169
0.231612.7460.6066
0.232372.74130.60163
0.233132.73660.59678
0.233912.73210.59205
0.234682.72760.58743
0.235462.72310.58292
0.236252.71870.57853
0.237042.71440.57423
0.237842.71020.57004
0.238642.7060.56594
0.239452.70190.56194
0.240262.69790.55803
0.241082.69390.55421
0.241912.690.55047
0.242742.68620.54681
0.243582.68240.54324
0.244422.67870.53974
0.245272.67510.53631
0.246122.67150.53295
0.246982.6680.52966
0.247842.66460.52644
0.248722.66130.52328
0.249592.6580.52018
0.250482.65480.51715
0.251372.65160.51416
0.252272.64850.51123
0.253172.64550.50836
0.254082.64260.50553
0.254992.63970.50275
0.255922.63690.50001
0.256852.63420.49732
0.257782.63150.49467
0.258732.62890.49206
0.259682.62630.48949
0.260632.62380.48695
0.26162.62140.48444
0.262572.61910.48197
0.263552.61680.47953
0.264532.61460.47711
0.265532.61240.47472
0.266532.61030.47235
0.267542.60830.47001
0.268552.60630.46768
0.269582.60440.46538
0.270612.60260.46309
0.271652.60080.46081
0.27272.59910.45855
0.273752.59740.4563
0.274822.59580.45406
0.275892.59430.45183
0.276972.59280.4496
0.278062.59140.44737
0.279162.590.44515
0.280262.58870.44293
0.281382.58750.4407
0.28252.58630.43848
0.283642.58520.43624
0.284782.58410.434
0.285932.58310.43175
0.287092.58220.42949
0.288262.58130.42722
0.289442.58040.42493
0.290632.57960.42262
0.291832.57890.42029
0.293042.57820.41794
0.294262.57760.41556
0.295492.5770.41316
0.296732.57650.41073
0.297982.5760.40827
0.299242.57550.40577
0.300512.57520.40324
0.30182.57480.40067
0.303092.57450.39805
0.304392.57430.39539
0.305712.5740.39269
0.307042.57390.38993
0.308382.57370.38712
0.309732.57360.38426
0.311092.57350.38133
0.312472.57350.37834
0.313852.57350.37529
0.315252.57350.37216
0.316662.57350.36896
0.318092.57350.36568
0.319532.57350.36232
0.320982.57360.35888
0.322442.57360.35535
0.323922.57360.35172
0.325412.57360.348
0.326912.57360.34418
0.328432.57350.34026
0.329962.57340.33623
0.331512.57320.33209
0.333072.57290.32784
0.334652.57250.32349
0.336242.5720.31903
0.337852.57130.31446
0.339472.57040.30981
0.341112.56920.30509
0.342762.56780.30031
0.344432.5660.29552
0.346122.56370.29078
0.347822.5610.28618
0.349542.55760.28184
0.351272.55350.27797
0.353032.54850.27487
0.35482.54260.27302
0.356592.53570.27317
0.35842.52810.27642
0.360222.52090.28438
0.362072.51670.29889
0.363932.52090.32053
0.365812.54160.34447
0.367722.58220.35646
0.369642.62970.34124
0.371582.6620.30206
0.373542.67120.25722
0.375532.66450.21928
0.377532.65040.19083
0.379562.63420.17019
0.381612.61810.15514
0.383682.6030.14394
0.385772.58910.1354
0.387892.57630.12871
0.390032.56470.12335
0.392192.55390.11895
0.394382.5440.11527
0.396592.53470.11213
0.398832.52610.10942
0.401092.5180.10704
0.403382.51030.10493
0.405692.50310.10303
0.408032.49620.1013
0.41042.48970.099718
0.41282.48350.098259
0.415222.47750.096903
0.417682.47180.095635
0.420162.46620.094443
0.422672.46090.093316
0.425212.45580.092247
0.427782.45080.091228
0.430392.4460.090255
0.433022.44130.089321
0.435692.43670.088424
0.438392.43230.087559
0.441132.4280.086723
0.44392.42380.085914
0.44672.41970.08513
0.449542.41570.084367
0.452422.41180.083626
0.455332.4080.082904
0.458282.40420.0822
0.461272.40060.081512
0.46432.3970.08084
0.467372.39350.080182
0.470482.390.079539
0.473632.38660.078908
0.476832.38330.078289
0.480062.38010.077682
0.483342.37680.077086
0.486672.37370.076501
0.490042.37060.075925
0.493462.36750.075359
0.496932.36450.074802
0.500452.36160.074254
0.504022.35870.073715
0.507642.35580.073183
0.511312.3530.072659
0.515032.35020.072143
0.518812.34740.071634
0.522652.34470.071132
0.526542.34210.070637
0.530492.33940.070149
0.53452.33680.069667
0.538572.33420.069191
0.54272.33170.068721
0.54692.32920.068257
0.551162.32670.067798
0.555492.32430.067346
0.559892.32190.066898
0.564362.31950.066456
0.56892.31720.066019
0.573522.31480.065587
0.578212.31250.06516
0.582972.31030.064738
0.587822.3080.06432
0.592752.30580.063907
0.597762.30360.063499
0.602862.30140.063094
0.608042.29930.062695
0.613312.29720.062299
0.618682.29510.061907
0.624142.2930.06152
0.62972.29090.061137
0.635362.28890.060757
0.641122.28690.060381
0.646992.28490.060009
0.652962.28290.059641
0.659052.2810.059276
0.665252.2790.058915
0.671572.27710.058558
0.678012.27520.058203
0.684572.27340.057853
0.691262.27150.057505
0.698092.26970.057161
0.705052.26780.05682
0.712152.2660.056482
0.71942.26420.056148
0.726792.26250.055816
0.734342.26070.055487
0.742052.2590.055162
0.749922.25730.054839
0.757962.25560.054519
0.766172.25390.054203
0.774562.25220.053888
0.783142.25050.053577
0.791912.24890.053268
0.800882.24730.052963
0.810062.24570.052659
0.819452.24410.052359
0.829052.24250.052061
0.838892.24090.051765
0.848962.23930.051472
0.859282.23780.051182
0.869852.23630.050893
0.880682.23480.050608
0.891792.23330.050324
0.903182.23180.050043
0.914872.23030.049765
0.926862.22880.049488
0.939172.22740.049214
0.951822.22590.048942
0.96482.22450.048673
0.978152.22310.048405
0.991872.22170.04814

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence
Method
Transmittance T
—
Reflectance R
—

Fresnel reflection calculator

Direction
Rp
—
Rs
—
R = (Rp+Rs)/2
—
Phase φp
—
Phase φs
—
Brewster angle θB
—
Critical angle θC
—