Optical constants
Refractive index of GaSe (Gallium selenide)
Chen et al. 2009: n(o) 3–1500 µm
- Data
- formula 4
- Range
- 3–1500 µm
- Optical axis
- o
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Uniaxial crystal, axes: oe
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 3.67432
- Extinction coefficient k
- 0
- Permittivity ε1
- 13.5007
- Permittivity ε2
- 0
- Absorption coefficient α
- 0 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- — nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -0.0236318 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 5.26002
- Group velocity dispersion
- 1.20004e+06 fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- -502.055 ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 0.0184775 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# GaSe (Gallium selenide): Chen et al. 2009: n(o) 3–1500 µm
gase = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "GaSe", "Chen-n-o", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(gase.range_nm) # (3000, 1.5e+06) nm
eps = gase.eps([67100]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_27852d1c3810/lightsmith"
gase = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(gase.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (gase/chen-2009-n-o).
# ... load gase as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=gase)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=3000, stop_nm=1.5e+06, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Dispersion formula
RefractiveIndex.INFO (formula 4), λ in µmValid from 3.0 to 1500.0 µm.
Coefficients as stored
| Ci | Value |
|---|---|
| C1 | 7.37 |
| C2 | 3.1436 |
| C3 | 2.0 |
| C4 | 2193.8 |
| C5 | 1.0 |
| C6 | 0.017 |
| C7 | 2.0 |
| C8 | 262177.5577 |
| C9 | 1.0 |
| C10 | 0.405 |
| C11 | -2.0 |
| C12 | 0.0186 |
| C13 | -4.0 |
| C14 | 0.0061 |
| C15 | -6.0 |
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- direction
- o
- formula gives non-finite n in part of its stated wavelength range
References
- doi:10.1364/josab.26.000a58 Optical properties and potential applications of ɛ-GaSe at terahertz frequencies, Journal of the Optical Society of America B (2009)
Cite
Ching-Wei Chen et al.. Optical properties and potential applications of ɛ-GaSe at terahertz frequencies. Journal of the Optical Society of America B, 26, A58 (2009), doi:10.1364/josab.26.000a58; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library| λ (µm) | n |
|---|---|
| 3 | 2.720715 |
| 3.04709 | 2.720383 |
| 3.09492 | 2.720056 |
| 3.14351 | 2.719735 |
| 3.19285 | 2.719418 |
| 3.24297 | 2.719106 |
| 3.29388 | 2.718799 |
| 3.34558 | 2.718495 |
| 3.3981 | 2.718195 |
| 3.45144 | 2.717898 |
| 3.50562 | 2.717604 |
| 3.56065 | 2.717313 |
| 3.61654 | 2.717024 |
| 3.67331 | 2.716738 |
| 3.73097 | 2.716453 |
| 3.78954 | 2.71617 |
| 3.84902 | 2.715888 |
| 3.90944 | 2.715608 |
| 3.97081 | 2.715328 |
| 4.03314 | 2.715048 |
| 4.09645 | 2.714769 |
| 4.16076 | 2.714489 |
| 4.22607 | 2.714209 |
| 4.29241 | 2.713929 |
| 4.35979 | 2.713648 |
| 4.42822 | 2.713365 |
| 4.49774 | 2.713081 |
| 4.56834 | 2.712795 |
| 4.64005 | 2.712507 |
| 4.71289 | 2.712216 |
| 4.78687 | 2.711923 |
| 4.86201 | 2.711627 |
| 4.93833 | 2.711328 |
| 5.01585 | 2.711025 |
| 5.09458 | 2.710718 |
| 5.17456 | 2.710407 |
| 5.25578 | 2.710092 |
| 5.33828 | 2.709771 |
| 5.42208 | 2.709446 |
| 5.50719 | 2.709115 |
| 5.59364 | 2.708778 |
| 5.68145 | 2.708435 |
| 5.77063 | 2.708085 |
| 5.86122 | 2.707728 |
| 5.95322 | 2.707364 |
| 6.04667 | 2.706993 |
| 6.14159 | 2.706613 |
| 6.238 | 2.706225 |
| 6.33592 | 2.705827 |
| 6.43537 | 2.705421 |
| 6.53639 | 2.705004 |
| 6.639 | 2.704578 |
| 6.74321 | 2.704141 |
| 6.84906 | 2.703692 |
| 6.95657 | 2.703232 |
| 7.06577 | 2.70276 |
| 7.17669 | 2.702275 |
| 7.28934 | 2.701777 |
| 7.40377 | 2.701265 |
| 7.51999 | 2.700738 |
| 7.63803 | 2.700197 |
| 7.75793 | 2.69964 |
| 7.87971 | 2.699067 |
| 8.0034 | 2.698477 |
| 8.12903 | 2.697869 |
| 8.25663 | 2.697243 |
| 8.38624 | 2.696598 |
| 8.51788 | 2.695934 |
| 8.65159 | 2.695248 |
| 8.7874 | 2.694542 |
| 8.92534 | 2.693813 |
| 9.06544 | 2.693061 |
| 9.20775 | 2.692285 |
| 9.35229 | 2.691485 |
| 9.49909 | 2.690658 |
| 9.6482 | 2.689804 |
| 9.79965 | 2.688922 |
| 9.95348 | 2.688011 |
| 10.1097 | 2.68707 |
| 10.2684 | 2.686097 |
| 10.4296 | 2.685091 |
| 10.5933 | 2.684051 |
| 10.7596 | 2.682976 |
| 10.9285 | 2.681863 |
| 11.1001 | 2.680712 |
| 11.2743 | 2.679521 |
| 11.4513 | 2.678289 |
| 11.631 | 2.677013 |
| 11.8136 | 2.675691 |
| 11.9991 | 2.674323 |
| 12.1874 | 2.672905 |
| 12.3787 | 2.671436 |
| 12.573 | 2.669914 |
| 12.7704 | 2.668336 |
| 12.9709 | 2.6667 |
| 13.1745 | 2.665003 |
| 13.3813 | 2.663243 |
| 13.5913 | 2.661418 |
| 13.8047 | 2.659523 |
| 14.0214 | 2.657555 |
| 14.2415 | 2.655513 |
| 14.465 | 2.653391 |
| 14.6921 | 2.651187 |
| 14.9227 | 2.648897 |
| 15.157 | 2.646516 |
| 15.3949 | 2.64404 |
| 15.6365 | 2.641465 |
| 15.882 | 2.638786 |
| 16.1313 | 2.635997 |
| 16.3845 | 2.633093 |
| 16.6417 | 2.630068 |
| 16.903 | 2.626916 |
| 17.1683 | 2.623631 |
| 17.4378 | 2.620205 |
| 17.7115 | 2.616631 |
| 17.9895 | 2.6129 |
| 18.2719 | 2.609005 |
| 18.5587 | 2.604936 |
| 18.8501 | 2.600682 |
| 19.146 | 2.596234 |
| 19.4465 | 2.59158 |
| 19.7518 | 2.586707 |
| 20.0618 | 2.581603 |
| 20.3767 | 2.576252 |
| 20.6966 | 2.57064 |
| 21.0215 | 2.564749 |
| 21.3515 | 2.558562 |
| 21.6866 | 2.552058 |
| 22.027 | 2.545215 |
| 22.3728 | 2.538011 |
| 22.724 | 2.530419 |
| 23.0807 | 2.52241 |
| 23.443 | 2.513954 |
| 23.811 | 2.505017 |
| 24.1848 | 2.49556 |
| 24.5644 | 2.485541 |
| 24.95 | 2.474915 |
| 25.3417 | 2.463629 |
| 25.7395 | 2.451625 |
| 26.1435 | 2.438839 |
| 26.5539 | 2.425197 |
| 26.9707 | 2.410618 |
| 27.3941 | 2.395008 |
| 27.8241 | 2.378262 |
| 28.2609 | 2.360257 |
| 28.7045 | 2.340855 |
| 29.1551 | 2.319895 |
| 29.6127 | 2.29719 |
| 30.0776 | 2.27252 |
| 30.5497 | 2.245629 |
| 31.0293 | 2.21621 |
| 31.5164 | 2.183897 |
| 32.0111 | 2.148246 |
| 32.5136 | 2.108715 |
| 33.0239 | 2.064634 |
| 33.5423 | 2.015156 |
| 34.0689 | 1.959205 |
| 34.6037 | 1.895369 |
| 35.1468 | 1.821763 |
| 35.6986 | 1.735779 |
| 36.2589 | 1.633664 |
| 36.8281 | 1.509695 |
| 37.4062 | 1.354405 |
| 37.9934 | 1.149894 |
| 38.5898 | 0.8523203 |
| 39.1955 | 0.1582682 |
| 39.8108 | |
| 40.4357 | |
| 41.0705 | |
| 41.7152 | |
| 42.37 | |
| 43.0351 | |
| 43.7106 | |
| 44.3968 | |
| 45.0937 | |
| 45.8015 | |
| 46.5205 | |
| 47.2507 | 13.71511 |
| 47.9925 | 8.573695 |
| 48.7458 | 6.952147 |
| 49.511 | 6.106699 |
| 50.2882 | 5.576168 |
| 51.0776 | 5.208328 |
| 51.8794 | 4.936702 |
| 52.6937 | 4.727178 |
| 53.5209 | 4.560285 |
| 54.361 | 4.424029 |
| 55.2144 | 4.310589 |
| 56.0811 | 4.214629 |
| 56.9614 | 4.132375 |
| 57.8556 | 4.061081 |
| 58.7637 | 3.998694 |
| 59.6862 | 3.94365 |
| 60.6231 | 3.894733 |
| 61.5747 | 3.850984 |
| 62.5413 | 3.811637 |
| 63.523 | 3.776069 |
| 64.5202 | 3.743773 |
| 65.533 | 3.714327 |
| 66.5617 | 3.68738 |
| 67.6065 | 3.662636 |
| 68.6677 | 3.639845 |
| 69.7456 | 3.618793 |
| 70.8405 | 3.599296 |
| 71.9525 | 3.581196 |
| 73.0819 | 3.564356 |
| 74.2291 | 3.548654 |
| 75.3943 | 3.533987 |
| 76.5778 | 3.52026 |
| 77.7799 | 3.507392 |
| 79.0009 | 3.49531 |
| 80.241 | 3.48395 |
| 81.5005 | 3.473253 |
| 82.7799 | 3.463168 |
| 84.0793 | 3.453648 |
| 85.3991 | 3.444651 |
| 86.7397 | 3.436138 |
| 88.1013 | 3.428077 |
| 89.4842 | 3.420434 |
| 90.8889 | 3.413182 |
| 92.3156 | 3.406294 |
| 93.7647 | 3.399747 |
| 95.2366 | 3.39352 |
| 96.7316 | 3.387591 |
| 98.25 | 3.381943 |
| 99.7923 | 3.376559 |
| 101.359 | 3.371422 |
| 102.95 | 3.366519 |
| 104.566 | 3.361836 |
| 106.207 | 3.357361 |
| 107.874 | 3.353082 |
| 109.568 | 3.348989 |
| 111.288 | 3.345071 |
| 113.035 | 3.341319 |
| 114.809 | 3.337724 |
| 116.611 | 3.334279 |
| 118.442 | 3.330976 |
| 120.301 | 3.327807 |
| 122.189 | 3.324767 |
| 124.107 | 3.321848 |
| 126.056 | 3.319045 |
| 128.034 | 3.316352 |
| 130.044 | 3.313764 |
| 132.085 | 3.311277 |
| 134.159 | 3.308885 |
| 136.265 | 3.306584 |
| 138.404 | 3.304371 |
| 140.576 | 3.302241 |
| 142.783 | 3.30019 |
| 145.024 | 3.298215 |
| 147.301 | 3.296313 |
| 149.613 | 3.294481 |
| 151.962 | 3.292715 |
| 154.347 | 3.291013 |
| 156.77 | 3.289372 |
| 159.231 | 3.28779 |
| 161.73 | 3.286264 |
| 164.269 | 3.284791 |
| 166.848 | 3.28337 |
| 169.467 | 3.281999 |
| 172.127 | 3.280676 |
| 174.829 | 3.279397 |
| 177.573 | 3.278163 |
| 180.361 | 3.276971 |
| 183.192 | 3.275819 |
| 186.067 | 3.274706 |
| 188.988 | 3.27363 |
| 191.955 | 3.27259 |
| 194.968 | 3.271584 |
| 198.028 | 3.270612 |
| 201.137 | 3.269671 |
| 204.294 | 3.268761 |
| 207.501 | 3.26788 |
| 210.758 | 3.267027 |
| 214.067 | 3.266201 |
| 217.427 | 3.265402 |
| 220.84 | 3.264627 |
| 224.307 | 3.263876 |
| 227.828 | 3.263149 |
| 231.404 | 3.262443 |
| 235.036 | 3.261759 |
| 238.726 | 3.261095 |
| 242.473 | 3.260451 |
| 246.28 | 3.259825 |
| 250.145 | 3.259217 |
| 254.072 | 3.258626 |
| 258.06 | 3.258052 |
| 262.111 | 3.257493 |
| 266.226 | 3.256949 |
| 270.405 | 3.256419 |
| 274.649 | 3.255903 |
| 278.961 | 3.255399 |
| 283.34 | 3.254907 |
| 287.787 | 3.254426 |
| 292.305 | 3.253956 |
| 296.893 | 3.253495 |
| 301.554 | 3.253043 |
| 306.287 | 3.2526 |
| 311.095 | 3.252164 |
| 315.979 | 3.251734 |
| 320.939 | 3.25131 |
| 325.977 | 3.25089 |
| 331.094 | 3.250474 |
| 336.291 | 3.250061 |
| 341.57 | 3.249649 |
| 346.931 | 3.249236 |
| 352.377 | 3.248822 |
| 357.909 | 3.248405 |
| 363.527 | 3.247983 |
| 369.233 | 3.247553 |
| 375.029 | 3.247112 |
| 380.916 | 3.246659 |
| 386.896 | 3.246188 |
| 392.969 | 3.245696 |
| 399.138 | 3.245176 |
| 405.403 | 3.244622 |
| 411.767 | 3.244024 |
| 418.231 | 3.243371 |
| 424.796 | 3.242646 |
| 431.464 | 3.241829 |
| 438.237 | 3.24089 |
| 445.116 | 3.239786 |
| 452.103 | 3.238452 |
| 459.2 | 3.236787 |
| 466.408 | 3.234623 |
| 473.729 | 3.231655 |
| 481.166 | 3.227273 |
| 488.719 | 3.220049 |
| 496.39 | 3.205665 |
| 504.182 | 3.162163 |
| 512.097 | 8.859813 |
| 520.135 | 3.330049 |
| 528.3 | 3.289205 |
| 536.593 | 3.275331 |
| 545.016 | 3.268306 |
| 553.572 | 3.264041 |
| 562.261 | 3.26116 |
| 571.087 | 3.259075 |
| 580.052 | 3.257489 |
| 589.157 | 3.256236 |
| 598.405 | 3.255219 |
| 607.799 | 3.254373 |
| 617.34 | 3.253656 |
| 627.03 | 3.25304 |
| 636.873 | 3.252502 |
| 646.87 | 3.252029 |
| 657.024 | 3.251608 |
| 667.338 | 3.25123 |
| 677.813 | 3.250889 |
| 688.453 | 3.250579 |
| 699.26 | 3.250296 |
| 710.237 | 3.250035 |
| 721.386 | 3.249795 |
| 732.709 | 3.249573 |
| 744.211 | 3.249367 |
| 755.893 | 3.249174 |
| 767.759 | 3.248994 |
| 779.811 | 3.248825 |
| 792.052 | 3.248667 |
| 804.485 | 3.248518 |
| 817.113 | 3.248377 |
| 829.94 | 3.248244 |
| 842.968 | 3.248119 |
| 856.2 | 3.248 |
| 869.64 | 3.247886 |
| 883.291 | 3.247779 |
| 897.156 | 3.247677 |
| 911.239 | 3.247579 |
| 925.544 | 3.247487 |
| 940.072 | 3.247398 |
| 954.829 | 3.247314 |
| 969.817 | 3.247233 |
| 985.041 | 3.247155 |
| 1000.5 | 3.247081 |
| 1016.21 | 3.247011 |
| 1032.16 | 3.246943 |
| 1048.36 | 3.246877 |
| 1064.82 | 3.246815 |
| 1081.53 | 3.246755 |
| 1098.51 | 3.246697 |
| 1115.76 | 3.246642 |
| 1133.27 | 3.246589 |
| 1151.06 | 3.246538 |
| 1169.13 | 3.246489 |
| 1187.48 | 3.246441 |
| 1206.12 | 3.246396 |
| 1225.05 | 3.246352 |
| 1244.28 | 3.24631 |
| 1263.82 | 3.246269 |
| 1283.65 | 3.24623 |
| 1303.8 | 3.246192 |
| 1324.27 | 3.246156 |
| 1345.06 | 3.24612 |
| 1366.17 | 3.246087 |
| 1387.62 | 3.246054 |
| 1409.4 | 3.246022 |
| 1431.52 | 3.245992 |
| 1453.99 | 3.245962 |
| 1476.82 | 3.245934 |
| 1500 | 3.245907 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
Ordinary ray (o)