Optical constants
Refractive index of GaSe (Gallium selenide)
Kato et al. 2013: n(e) 0.8–162 µm
- Data
- formula 4
- Range
- 0.8–1620 µm
- Temperature
- 293 K
- Optical axis
- e
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Uniaxial crystal, axes: oe
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 1.07182
- Extinction coefficient k
- 0
- Permittivity ε1
- 1.1488
- Permittivity ε2
- 0
- Absorption coefficient α
- 0 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- — nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -0.343534 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 13.439
- Group velocity dispersion
- -1.57703e+07 fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- 22921.1 ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 0.0344401 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# GaSe (Gallium selenide): Kato et al. 2013: n(e) 0.8–162 µm
gase = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "GaSe", "Kato-e", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(gase.range_nm) # (800, 1.62e+06) nm
eps = gase.eps([36000]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_5f639cc1eabb/lightsmith"
gase = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(gase.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (gase/kato-2013-e).
# ... load gase as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=gase)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=800, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
Dispersion formula
RefractiveIndex.INFO (formula 4), λ in µmValid from 0.8 to 1620.0 µm.
Coefficients as stored
| Ci | Value |
|---|---|
| C1 | 8.2477 |
| C2 | 0.2881 |
| C3 | 0.0 |
| C4 | 0.1669 |
| C5 | 1.0 |
| C6 | 4927.5 |
| C7 | 0.0 |
| C8 | 1990.1 |
| C9 | 1.0 |
Comments and conditions
Conditions
- temperature
- 293 K
- direction
- e
- formula gives non-finite n in part of its stated wavelength range
References
- doi:10.1364/ao.52.002325 Sellmeier and thermo-optic dispersion formulas for GaSe (Revisited), Applied Optics (2013)
Cite
Kiyoshi Kato, Fumihito Tanno and Nobuhiro Umemura. Sellmeier and thermo-optic dispersion formulas for GaSe (Revisited). Applied Optics, 52, 2325 (2013), doi:10.1364/ao.52.002325; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library| λ (µm) | n |
|---|---|
| 0.8 | 2.525838 |
| 0.815411 | 2.519799 |
| 0.83112 | 2.514118 |
| 0.847131 | 2.508769 |
| 0.86345 | 2.503728 |
| 0.880084 | 2.498971 |
| 0.897038 | 2.494477 |
| 0.914318 | 2.49023 |
| 0.931932 | 2.486211 |
| 0.949885 | 2.482406 |
| 0.968184 | 2.4788 |
| 0.986835 | 2.47538 |
| 1.00585 | 2.472135 |
| 1.02522 | 2.469053 |
| 1.04497 | 2.466125 |
| 1.0651 | 2.46334 |
| 1.08562 | 2.460691 |
| 1.10654 | 2.45817 |
| 1.12785 | 2.455768 |
| 1.14958 | 2.45348 |
| 1.17172 | 2.451299 |
| 1.1943 | 2.449218 |
| 1.2173 | 2.447233 |
| 1.24075 | 2.445337 |
| 1.26466 | 2.443527 |
| 1.28902 | 2.441798 |
| 1.31385 | 2.440145 |
| 1.33916 | 2.438564 |
| 1.36496 | 2.437052 |
| 1.39125 | 2.435605 |
| 1.41806 | 2.43422 |
| 1.44537 | 2.432894 |
| 1.47322 | 2.431623 |
| 1.5016 | 2.430406 |
| 1.53053 | 2.429238 |
| 1.56001 | 2.428119 |
| 1.59006 | 2.427045 |
| 1.62069 | 2.426015 |
| 1.65191 | 2.425025 |
| 1.68374 | 2.424076 |
| 1.71617 | 2.423163 |
| 1.74923 | 2.422286 |
| 1.78293 | 2.421443 |
| 1.81728 | 2.420632 |
| 1.85229 | 2.419852 |
| 1.88797 | 2.419101 |
| 1.92434 | 2.418378 |
| 1.96141 | 2.417681 |
| 1.9992 | 2.41701 |
| 2.03771 | 2.416362 |
| 2.07696 | 2.415738 |
| 2.11698 | 2.415135 |
| 2.15776 | 2.414553 |
| 2.19932 | 2.413991 |
| 2.24169 | 2.413447 |
| 2.28488 | 2.412921 |
| 2.32889 | 2.412412 |
| 2.37376 | 2.411919 |
| 2.41949 | 2.411441 |
| 2.4661 | 2.410978 |
| 2.5136 | 2.410528 |
| 2.56203 | 2.410091 |
| 2.61138 | 2.409666 |
| 2.66169 | 2.409252 |
| 2.71296 | 2.408849 |
| 2.76523 | 2.408456 |
| 2.8185 | 2.408073 |
| 2.87279 | 2.407699 |
| 2.92813 | 2.407332 |
| 2.98454 | 2.406974 |
| 3.04204 | 2.406622 |
| 3.10064 | 2.406277 |
| 3.16037 | 2.405938 |
| 3.22125 | 2.405605 |
| 3.28331 | 2.405276 |
| 3.34656 | 2.404952 |
| 3.41103 | 2.404632 |
| 3.47674 | 2.404315 |
| 3.54372 | 2.404001 |
| 3.61198 | 2.40369 |
| 3.68156 | 2.40338 |
| 3.75249 | 2.403072 |
| 3.82478 | 2.402765 |
| 3.89846 | 2.402458 |
| 3.97356 | 2.402152 |
| 4.0501 | 2.401845 |
| 4.12813 | 2.401537 |
| 4.20765 | 2.401228 |
| 4.28871 | 2.400917 |
| 4.37133 | 2.400604 |
| 4.45554 | 2.400288 |
| 4.54137 | 2.399968 |
| 4.62886 | 2.399645 |
| 4.71803 | 2.399318 |
| 4.80892 | 2.398986 |
| 4.90156 | 2.398648 |
| 4.99598 | 2.398305 |
| 5.09223 | 2.397955 |
| 5.19032 | 2.397598 |
| 5.29031 | 2.397234 |
| 5.39222 | 2.396862 |
| 5.4961 | 2.396481 |
| 5.60198 | 2.396091 |
| 5.7099 | 2.395691 |
| 5.81989 | 2.395281 |
| 5.93201 | 2.394859 |
| 6.04629 | 2.394426 |
| 6.16276 | 2.39398 |
| 6.28148 | 2.393521 |
| 6.40249 | 2.393048 |
| 6.52583 | 2.39256 |
| 6.65154 | 2.392056 |
| 6.77968 | 2.391536 |
| 6.91029 | 2.390999 |
| 7.04341 | 2.390444 |
| 7.17909 | 2.389869 |
| 7.31739 | 2.389274 |
| 7.45836 | 2.388658 |
| 7.60204 | 2.38802 |
| 7.74848 | 2.387359 |
| 7.89775 | 2.386673 |
| 8.0499 | 2.385962 |
| 8.20497 | 2.385224 |
| 8.36303 | 2.384457 |
| 8.52414 | 2.383661 |
| 8.68835 | 2.382834 |
| 8.85573 | 2.381974 |
| 9.02633 | 2.38108 |
| 9.20021 | 2.38015 |
| 9.37745 | 2.379183 |
| 9.55809 | 2.378176 |
| 9.74222 | 2.377128 |
| 9.9299 | 2.376036 |
| 10.1212 | 2.374899 |
| 10.3162 | 2.373714 |
| 10.5149 | 2.372478 |
| 10.7175 | 2.37119 |
| 10.9239 | 2.369846 |
| 11.1344 | 2.368445 |
| 11.3489 | 2.366981 |
| 11.5675 | 2.365454 |
| 11.7903 | 2.363859 |
| 12.0175 | 2.362192 |
| 12.249 | 2.36045 |
| 12.4849 | 2.358629 |
| 12.7254 | 2.356725 |
| 12.9706 | 2.354733 |
| 13.2205 | 2.352648 |
| 13.4751 | 2.350465 |
| 13.7347 | 2.348179 |
| 13.9993 | 2.345783 |
| 14.269 | 2.343272 |
| 14.5439 | 2.340638 |
| 14.8241 | 2.337875 |
| 15.1096 | 2.334974 |
| 15.4007 | 2.331928 |
| 15.6974 | 2.328727 |
| 15.9998 | 2.325361 |
| 16.308 | 2.321821 |
| 16.6222 | 2.318094 |
| 16.9424 | 2.314168 |
| 17.2688 | 2.310031 |
| 17.6014 | 2.305667 |
| 17.9405 | 2.301061 |
| 18.2861 | 2.296195 |
| 18.6384 | 2.291051 |
| 18.9975 | 2.285608 |
| 19.3634 | 2.279843 |
| 19.7364 | 2.273731 |
| 20.1167 | 2.267246 |
| 20.5042 | 2.260356 |
| 20.8992 | 2.253027 |
| 21.3018 | 2.245223 |
| 21.7122 | 2.2369 |
| 22.1304 | 2.228013 |
| 22.5567 | 2.218509 |
| 22.9913 | 2.208328 |
| 23.4342 | 2.197403 |
| 23.8856 | 2.185658 |
| 24.3458 | 2.173006 |
| 24.8148 | 2.159346 |
| 25.2928 | 2.144565 |
| 25.7801 | 2.128529 |
| 26.2767 | 2.111083 |
| 26.7829 | 2.092043 |
| 27.2988 | 2.071196 |
| 27.8247 | 2.048284 |
| 28.3608 | 2.022998 |
| 28.9071 | 1.994966 |
| 29.464 | 1.963726 |
| 30.0316 | 1.928709 |
| 30.6101 | 1.889195 |
| 31.1998 | 1.844263 |
| 31.8008 | 1.792707 |
| 32.4134 | 1.732913 |
| 33.0379 | 1.662658 |
| 33.6743 | 1.578757 |
| 34.323 | 1.476421 |
| 34.9842 | 1.347916 |
| 35.6582 | 1.179318 |
| 36.3451 | 0.9401689 |
| 37.0453 | 0.5209258 |
| 37.7589 | |
| 38.4863 | |
| 39.2277 | |
| 39.9834 | |
| 40.7537 | |
| 41.5387 | |
| 42.339 | |
| 43.1546 | |
| 43.9859 | |
| 44.8333 | 15.98689 |
| 45.697 | 7.646652 |
| 46.5773 | 5.976894 |
| 47.4745 | 5.189561 |
| 48.3891 | 4.719119 |
| 49.3213 | 4.402691 |
| 50.2714 | 4.173945 |
| 51.2399 | 4.000311 |
| 52.227 | 3.863763 |
| 53.2331 | 3.753456 |
| 54.2586 | 3.662442 |
| 55.3038 | 3.586054 |
| 56.3692 | 3.521032 |
| 57.4551 | 3.465025 |
| 58.5619 | 3.416297 |
| 59.6901 | 3.373532 |
| 60.84 | 3.335715 |
| 62.012 | 3.302053 |
| 63.2066 | 3.271912 |
| 64.4242 | 3.244783 |
| 65.6653 | 3.22025 |
| 66.9303 | 3.197972 |
| 68.2197 | 3.177664 |
| 69.5339 | 3.159087 |
| 70.8734 | 3.142041 |
| 72.2387 | 3.126353 |
| 73.6303 | 3.111878 |
| 75.0488 | 3.098489 |
| 76.4945 | 3.086077 |
| 77.9681 | 3.074546 |
| 79.4701 | 3.063812 |
| 81.001 | 3.053804 |
| 82.5615 | 3.044456 |
| 84.152 | 3.035711 |
| 85.7731 | 3.027518 |
| 87.4254 | 3.019832 |
| 89.1096 | 3.012612 |
| 90.8262 | 3.005822 |
| 92.5759 | 2.999428 |
| 94.3593 | 2.993403 |
| 96.1771 | 2.987718 |
| 98.0299 | 2.982349 |
| 99.9183 | 2.977274 |
| 101.843 | 2.972474 |
| 103.805 | 2.967929 |
| 105.805 | 2.963622 |
| 107.843 | 2.95954 |
| 109.921 | 2.955666 |
| 112.038 | 2.951988 |
| 114.196 | 2.948495 |
| 116.396 | 2.945174 |
| 118.639 | 2.942016 |
| 120.924 | 2.939011 |
| 123.254 | 2.93615 |
| 125.628 | 2.933425 |
| 128.048 | 2.930829 |
| 130.515 | 2.928354 |
| 133.029 | 2.925993 |
| 135.592 | 2.923741 |
| 138.204 | 2.921592 |
| 140.866 | 2.91954 |
| 143.58 | 2.917581 |
| 146.346 | 2.915708 |
| 149.165 | 2.913919 |
| 152.039 | 2.912209 |
| 154.968 | 2.910573 |
| 157.953 | 2.909009 |
| 160.996 | 2.907512 |
| 164.097 | 2.90608 |
| 167.259 | 2.904709 |
| 170.481 | 2.903397 |
| 173.765 | 2.90214 |
| 177.112 | 2.900937 |
| 180.524 | 2.899783 |
| 184.002 | 2.898679 |
| 187.546 | 2.89762 |
| 191.159 | 2.896605 |
| 194.842 | 2.895632 |
| 198.595 | 2.894699 |
| 202.421 | 2.893804 |
| 206.321 | 2.892946 |
| 210.295 | 2.892123 |
| 214.346 | 2.891334 |
| 218.476 | 2.890576 |
| 222.684 | 2.889849 |
| 226.974 | 2.889151 |
| 231.347 | 2.888482 |
| 235.804 | 2.887839 |
| 240.346 | 2.887222 |
| 244.976 | 2.886629 |
| 249.695 | 2.88606 |
| 254.506 | 2.885514 |
| 259.408 | 2.884989 |
| 264.406 | 2.884485 |
| 269.499 | 2.884001 |
| 274.691 | 2.883535 |
| 279.983 | 2.883089 |
| 285.376 | 2.882659 |
| 290.874 | 2.882247 |
| 296.477 | 2.88185 |
| 302.189 | 2.881469 |
| 308.01 | 2.881103 |
| 313.944 | 2.880751 |
| 319.992 | 2.880413 |
| 326.156 | 2.880088 |
| 332.439 | 2.879775 |
| 338.843 | 2.879475 |
| 345.371 | 2.879186 |
| 352.024 | 2.878909 |
| 358.806 | 2.878642 |
| 365.718 | 2.878385 |
| 372.763 | 2.878138 |
| 379.944 | 2.877901 |
| 387.263 | 2.877673 |
| 394.724 | 2.877453 |
| 402.328 | 2.877242 |
| 410.078 | 2.877039 |
| 417.978 | 2.876844 |
| 426.03 | 2.876656 |
| 434.237 | 2.876476 |
| 442.603 | 2.876302 |
| 451.129 | 2.876135 |
| 459.82 | 2.875974 |
| 468.678 | 2.87582 |
| 477.706 | 2.875671 |
| 486.909 | 2.875528 |
| 496.289 | 2.87539 |
| 505.85 | 2.875258 |
| 515.594 | 2.875131 |
| 525.527 | 2.875008 |
| 535.651 | 2.87489 |
| 545.97 | 2.874777 |
| 556.487 | 2.874668 |
| 567.208 | 2.874563 |
| 578.135 | 2.874462 |
| 589.272 | 2.874365 |
| 600.624 | 2.874271 |
| 612.194 | 2.874181 |
| 623.988 | 2.874095 |
| 636.008 | 2.874012 |
| 648.261 | 2.873931 |
| 660.749 | 2.873854 |
| 673.478 | 2.87378 |
| 686.452 | 2.873709 |
| 699.676 | 2.87364 |
| 713.154 | 2.873574 |
| 726.893 | 2.87351 |
| 740.896 | 2.873449 |
| 755.168 | 2.87339 |
| 769.716 | 2.873334 |
| 784.544 | 2.873279 |
| 799.658 | 2.873226 |
| 815.063 | 2.873176 |
| 830.764 | 2.873127 |
| 846.768 | 2.873081 |
| 863.08 | 2.873036 |
| 879.707 | 2.872992 |
| 896.654 | 2.87295 |
| 913.927 | 2.87291 |
| 931.533 | 2.872872 |
| 949.479 | 2.872835 |
| 967.77 | 2.872799 |
| 986.413 | 2.872764 |
| 1005.42 | 2.872731 |
| 1024.78 | 2.872699 |
| 1044.53 | 2.872669 |
| 1064.65 | 2.872639 |
| 1085.16 | 2.872611 |
| 1106.06 | 2.872583 |
| 1127.37 | 2.872557 |
| 1149.09 | 2.872532 |
| 1171.22 | 2.872507 |
| 1193.79 | 2.872484 |
| 1216.78 | 2.872461 |
| 1240.22 | 2.872439 |
| 1264.12 | 2.872418 |
| 1288.47 | 2.872398 |
| 1313.29 | 2.872379 |
| 1338.59 | 2.87236 |
| 1364.38 | 2.872342 |
| 1390.66 | 2.872325 |
| 1417.45 | 2.872308 |
| 1444.76 | 2.872292 |
| 1472.59 | 2.872277 |
| 1500.96 | 2.872262 |
| 1529.87 | 2.872248 |
| 1559.34 | 2.872234 |
| 1589.38 | 2.872221 |
| 1620 | 2.872208 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —
20 °C, Extraordinary ray (e)