Optical constants

Refractive index of Bombyx mori (silkworm) silk

Bucciarelli et al. 2018: Photocrosslinkable fibroin film, uncrosslinked; n 0.4–1.5 µm

Data
formula 5
Range
0.4–1.5 µm
Licence
CC0-1.0

Plot

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Range 0.4–1.5 µm
Refractive index n
1.55108
Extinction coefficient k
0
Permittivity ε1
2.40584
Permittivity ε2
0
Absorption coefficient α
0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
— nm
Abbe number Vd
37.597
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
-0.0762667 µm⁻¹
Group index ng
1.59589
Group velocity dispersion
134.308 fs²/mm
Dispersion parameter D
-732.719 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy
2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls

# Bombyx mori (silkworm) silk: Bucciarelli et al. 2018: Photocrosslinkable fibroin film, uncrosslinked; n 0.4–1.5 µm
bombyx_mori = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("other", "Bombyx_mori", "Bucciarelli-FPP_FA_Unex", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(bombyx_mori.range_nm)  # (400, 1500) nm
eps = bombyx_mori.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Cauchy (formula 5), λ in µm
n=1.528+0.0082⁢λ−2.0−8×10-5⁢λ−4.0

Valid from 0.4 to 1.5 µm.

Coefficients as stored
CiValue
C11.528
C20.0082
C3-2.0
C4-8e-05
C5-4.0

Comments and conditions

Photocrosslinkable fibroin film. Formed using formic acid. Uncrosslinked.

References

A. Bucciarelli, V. Mulloni, D.Maniglio, R. K. Pal, V. K. Yadavalli, A. Motta, A. Quarant. A comparative study of the refractive index of silk protein thin films towards biomaterial based optical devices. Opt. Mater. 78, 407-414 (2018)
  • doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2018.02.058 A comparative study of the refractive index of silk protein thin films towards biomaterial based optical devices, Optical Materials (2018)

Cite

A. Bucciarelli et al.. A comparative study of the refractive index of silk protein thin films towards biomaterial based optical devices. Optical Materials, 78, 407-414 (2018), doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2018.02.058; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library
Bombyx mori (silkworm) silk, Bucciarelli et al. 2018: Photocrosslinkable fibroin film, uncrosslinked; n 0.4–1.5 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)n
0.41.576125
0.4013271.575828
0.4026591.575532
0.4039951.575238
0.4053361.574946
0.4066811.574655
0.408031.574366
0.4093841.574079
0.4107421.573794
0.4121051.57351
0.4134731.573227
0.4148451.572947
0.4162211.572668
0.4176021.57239
0.4189881.572114
0.4203781.57184
0.4217731.571567
0.4231731.571296
0.4245771.571027
0.4259851.570759
0.4273991.570492
0.4288171.570227
0.430241.569964
0.4316681.569702
0.43311.569442
0.4345371.569183
0.4359791.568926
0.4374261.56867
0.4388771.568416
0.4403331.568163
0.4417941.567912
0.443261.567662
0.4447311.567414
0.4462071.567167
0.4476871.566922
0.4491731.566678
0.4506631.566435
0.4521591.566194
0.4536591.565954
0.4551641.565716
0.4566751.565479
0.458191.565244
0.459711.56501
0.4612361.564777
0.4627661.564546
0.4643021.564316
0.4658421.564088
0.4673881.56386
0.4689391.563635
0.4704951.56341
0.4720561.563187
0.4736231.562965
0.4751941.562745
0.4767711.562526
0.4783531.562308
0.479941.562091
0.4815331.561876
0.4831311.561662
0.4847341.56145
0.4863421.561238
0.4879561.561028
0.4895751.560819
0.4911991.560612
0.4928291.560405
0.4944651.5602
0.4961051.559996
0.4977511.559794
0.4994031.559592
0.501061.559392
0.5027231.559193
0.5043911.558995
0.5060651.558799
0.5077441.558603
0.5094291.558409
0.5111191.558216
0.5128151.558024
0.5145161.557834
0.5162241.557644
0.5179371.557456
0.5196551.557269
0.521381.557083
0.523111.556898
0.5248451.556714
0.5265871.556531
0.5283341.55635
0.5300871.556169
0.5318461.55599
0.5336111.555811
0.5353821.555634
0.5371581.555458
0.538941.555283
0.5407291.555109
0.5425231.554936
0.5443231.554765
0.5461291.554594
0.5479411.554424
0.549761.554255
0.5515841.554088
0.5534141.553921
0.555251.553756
0.5570931.553591
0.5589411.553427
0.5607961.553265
0.5626571.553103
0.5645241.552943
0.5663971.552783
0.5682761.552625
0.5701621.552467
0.5720541.552311
0.5739521.552155
0.5758561.552
0.5777671.551847
0.5796841.551694
0.5816081.551542
0.5835381.551391
0.5854741.551241
0.5874171.551092
0.5893661.550944
0.5913211.550797
0.5932841.550651
0.5952521.550505
0.5972271.550361
0.5992091.550217
0.6011971.550075
0.6031921.549933
0.6051941.549792
0.6072021.549652
0.6092171.549513
0.6112381.549375
0.6132661.549237
0.6153011.549101
0.6173431.548965
0.6193911.54883
0.6214471.548696
0.6235091.548563
0.6255771.548431
0.6276531.548299
0.6297361.548169
0.6318251.548039
0.6339221.54791
0.6360251.547782
0.6381361.547654
0.6402531.547528
0.6423781.547402
0.6445091.547277
0.6466481.547152
0.6487941.547029
0.6509461.546906
0.6531061.546784
0.6552731.546663
0.6574481.546543
0.6596291.546423
0.6618181.546304
0.6640141.546186
0.6662171.546069
0.6684281.545952
0.6706461.545836
0.6728711.545721
0.6751041.545607
0.6773441.545493
0.6795921.54538
0.6818471.545268
0.6841091.545156
0.6863791.545045
0.6886571.544935
0.6909421.544825
0.6932341.544717
0.6955351.544608
0.6978421.544501
0.7001581.544394
0.7024811.544288
0.7048121.544183
0.7071511.544078
0.7094971.543974
0.7118521.543871
0.7142141.543768
0.7165831.543666
0.7189611.543564
0.7213471.543463
0.723741.543363
0.7261421.543264
0.7285511.543165
0.7309691.543067
0.7333941.542969
0.7358281.542872
0.7382691.542775
0.7407191.54268
0.7431771.542584
0.7456431.54249
0.7481171.542396
0.7505991.542302
0.753091.54221
0.7555891.542117
0.7580961.542026
0.7606121.541935
0.7631351.541844
0.7656681.541755
0.7682081.541665
0.7707571.541576
0.7733151.541488
0.7758811.541401
0.7784551.541314
0.7810381.541227
0.783631.541141
0.786231.541056
0.7888391.540971
0.7914561.540887
0.7940831.540803
0.7967181.54072
0.7993611.540637
0.8020141.540555
0.8046751.540473
0.8073451.540392
0.8100241.540312
0.8127121.540231
0.8154081.540152
0.8181141.540073
0.8208291.539994
0.8235521.539916
0.8262851.539839
0.8290271.539762
0.8317771.539685
0.8345371.539609
0.8373071.539533
0.8400851.539458
0.8428721.539384
0.8456691.53931
0.8484751.539236
0.8512911.539163
0.8541151.53909
0.8569491.539018
0.8597931.538946
0.8626461.538875
0.8655081.538804
0.868381.538733
0.8712621.538663
0.8741531.538594
0.8770531.538525
0.8799631.538456
0.8828831.538388
0.8858131.53832
0.8887521.538253
0.8917011.538186
0.894661.53812
0.8976291.538054
0.9006071.537988
0.9035951.537923
0.9065941.537858
0.9096021.537794
0.912621.53773
0.9156481.537667
0.9186871.537604
0.9217351.537541
0.9247931.537479
0.9278621.537417
0.9309411.537355
0.934031.537294
0.9371291.537233
0.9402391.537173
0.9433591.537113
0.9464891.537054
0.9496291.536995
0.952781.536936
0.9559421.536877
0.9591141.536819
0.9622961.536762
0.9654891.536705
0.9686931.536648
0.9719071.536591
0.9751321.536535
0.9783681.536479
0.9816141.536424
0.9848711.536369
0.9881391.536314
0.9914181.53626
0.9947081.536206
0.9980091.536152
1.001321.536099
1.004641.536046
1.007981.535993
1.011321.535941
1.014681.535889
1.018041.535837
1.021421.535786
1.024811.535735
1.028211.535685
1.031621.535634
1.035051.535584
1.038481.535535
1.041931.535485
1.045381.535436
1.048851.535388
1.052331.535339
1.055821.535291
1.059331.535244
1.062841.535196
1.066371.535149
1.069911.535102
1.073461.535056
1.077021.53501
1.080591.534964
1.084181.534918
1.087781.534873
1.091391.534828
1.095011.534783
1.098641.534739
1.102291.534695
1.105941.534651
1.109611.534607
1.11331.534564
1.116991.534521
1.12071.534478
1.124411.534436
1.128151.534394
1.131891.534352
1.135641.53431
1.139411.534269
1.143191.534228
1.146991.534187
1.150791.534146
1.154611.534106
1.158441.534066
1.162291.534026
1.166141.533987
1.170011.533947
1.17391.533908
1.177791.53387
1.18171.533831
1.185621.533793
1.189551.533755
1.19351.533717
1.197461.53368
1.201431.533642
1.205421.533605
1.209421.533569
1.213431.533532
1.217461.533496
1.22151.53346
1.225551.533424
1.229621.533388
1.23371.533353
1.237791.533318
1.24191.533283
1.246021.533248
1.250161.533214
1.25431.53318
1.258471.533146
1.262641.533112
1.266831.533078
1.271041.533045
1.275251.533012
1.279481.532979
1.283731.532946
1.287991.532914
1.292261.532882
1.296551.53285
1.300851.532818
1.305171.532786
1.30951.532755
1.313851.532723
1.31821.532692
1.322581.532662
1.326971.532631
1.331371.532601
1.335791.53257
1.340221.53254
1.344671.532511
1.349131.532481
1.353611.532452
1.35811.532422
1.36261.532393
1.367131.532364
1.371661.532336
1.376211.532307
1.380781.532279
1.385361.532251
1.389961.532223
1.394571.532195
1.39921.532168
1.403841.53214
1.40851.532113
1.413171.532086
1.417861.532059
1.422571.532032
1.427291.532006
1.432021.53198
1.436771.531953
1.441541.531927
1.446321.531902
1.451121.531876
1.455941.531851
1.460771.531825
1.465621.5318
1.470481.531775
1.475361.53175
1.480261.531726
1.485171.531701
1.490091.531677
1.495041.531653
1.51.531629

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence
Method
Transmittance T
—
Reflectance R
—

Fresnel reflection calculator

Direction
Rp
—
Rs
—
R = (Rp+Rs)/2
—
Phase φp
—
Phase φs
—
Brewster angle θB
—
Critical angle θC
—