Optical constants

Refractive index of C₄H₉OH (Butanol)

El-Kashef 2000: n 0.4–0.8 µm

Data: formula 5
Range: 0.4–0.8 µm
Temperature: 293 K
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.39908
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 1.95743
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: 42.128
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.0489024 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.42782
Group velocity dispersion: 89.7003 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -489.363 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# C4H9OH (Butanol): El-Kashef 2000: n 0.4–0.8 µm
c4h9oh = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("organic", "butanol", "El-Kashef", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(c4h9oh.range_nm)  # (400, 800) nm
eps = c4h9oh.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_8c43042c0330/lightsmith"
c4h9oh = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(c4h9oh.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (butanol/el-kashef-2000).

# ... load c4h9oh as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=c4h9oh)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=800, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Cauchy (formula 5), λ in µm

n = 1.384715 + 0.004960733 λ^{- 2.0}

Valid from 0.4 to 0.8 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	1.384715
C2	0.004960733
C3	-2.0

Comments and conditions

20 °C.

Conditions

temperature: 293 K

References

H. El-Kashef. The necessary requirements imposed on polar dielectric laser dye solvents. Physica B 279, 295-301 (2000)

doi:10.1016/s0921-4526(99)00856-x The necessary requirements imposed on polar dielectric laser dye solvents, Physica B: Condensed Matter (2000)

Cite

Hassan El-Kashef. The necessary requirements imposed on polar dielectric laser dye solvents. Physica B: Condensed Matter, 279, 295-301 (2000), doi:10.1016/s0921-4526(99)00856-x; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

C4H9OH (Butanol), El-Kashef 2000: n 0.4–0.8 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.4	1.41572
0.400695	1.415612
0.401392	1.415505
0.40209	1.415398
0.402789	1.415292
0.40349	1.415186
0.404191	1.41508
0.404894	1.414975
0.405598	1.41487
0.406303	1.414765
0.40701	1.414661
0.407717	1.414557
0.408426	1.414453
0.409136	1.41435
0.409848	1.414248
0.41056	1.414145
0.411274	1.414043
0.411989	1.413941
0.412706	1.41384
0.413423	1.413739
0.414142	1.413638
0.414862	1.413538
0.415583	1.413438
0.416306	1.413338
0.41703	1.413239
0.417755	1.41314
0.418481	1.413042
0.419209	1.412943
0.419938	1.412845
0.420668	1.412748
0.421399	1.412651
0.422132	1.412554
0.422866	1.412457
0.423601	1.412361
0.424338	1.412265
0.425076	1.41217
0.425815	1.412074
0.426555	1.411979
0.427297	1.411885
0.42804	1.411791
0.428784	1.411697
0.429529	1.411603
0.430276	1.41151
0.431024	1.411417
0.431774	1.411324
0.432525	1.411232
0.433277	1.41114
0.43403	1.411048
0.434785	1.410957
0.435541	1.410866
0.436298	1.410775
0.437056	1.410685
0.437816	1.410595
0.438578	1.410505
0.43934	1.410416
0.440104	1.410327
0.440869	1.410238
0.441636	1.410149
0.442404	1.410061
0.443173	1.409973
0.443943	1.409885
0.444715	1.409798
0.445489	1.409711
0.446263	1.409624
0.447039	1.409538
0.447816	1.409452
0.448595	1.409366
0.449375	1.409281
0.450156	1.409195
0.450939	1.409111
0.451723	1.409026
0.452508	1.408942
0.453295	1.408858
0.454083	1.408774
0.454873	1.40869
0.455664	1.408607
0.456456	1.408524
0.45725	1.408442
0.458045	1.408359
0.458841	1.408277
0.459639	1.408196
0.460438	1.408114
0.461239	1.408033
0.462041	1.407952
0.462844	1.407872
0.463649	1.407791
0.464455	1.407711
0.465263	1.407632
0.466072	1.407552
0.466882	1.407473
0.467694	1.407394
0.468507	1.407315
0.469321	1.407237
0.470137	1.407159
0.470955	1.407081
0.471774	1.407003
0.472594	1.406926
0.473416	1.406849
0.474239	1.406772
0.475063	1.406696
0.475889	1.40662
0.476717	1.406544
0.477546	1.406468
0.478376	1.406392
0.479208	1.406317
0.480041	1.406242
0.480876	1.406168
0.481712	1.406093
0.482549	1.406019
0.483388	1.405945
0.484229	1.405872
0.485071	1.405798
0.485914	1.405725
0.486759	1.405652
0.487605	1.40558
0.488453	1.405507
0.489303	1.405435
0.490153	1.405363
0.491006	1.405292
0.491859	1.40522
0.492714	1.405149
0.493571	1.405078
0.494429	1.405008
0.495289	1.404937
0.49615	1.404867
0.497013	1.404797
0.497877	1.404728
0.498743	1.404658
0.49961	1.404589
0.500479	1.40452
0.501349	1.404451
0.50222	1.404383
0.503094	1.404315
0.503968	1.404247
0.504845	1.404179
0.505722	1.404111
0.506602	1.404044
0.507483	1.403977
0.508365	1.40391
0.509249	1.403844
0.510134	1.403777
0.511021	1.403711
0.51191	1.403645
0.5128	1.40358
0.513692	1.403514
0.514585	1.403449
0.515479	1.403384
0.516376	1.403319
0.517274	1.403255
0.518173	1.403191
0.519074	1.403126
0.519976	1.403063
0.52088	1.402999
0.521786	1.402936
0.522693	1.402872
0.523602	1.402809
0.524513	1.402747
0.525425	1.402684
0.526338	1.402622
0.527253	1.40256
0.52817	1.402498
0.529088	1.402436
0.530008	1.402375
0.53093	1.402313
0.531853	1.402252
0.532778	1.402191
0.533704	1.402131
0.534632	1.40207
0.535562	1.40201
0.536493	1.40195
0.537426	1.40189
0.53836	1.401831
0.539296	1.401772
0.540234	1.401712
0.541173	1.401653
0.542114	1.401595
0.543057	1.401536
0.544001	1.401478
0.544947	1.40142
0.545894	1.401362
0.546843	1.401304
0.547794	1.401246
0.548747	1.401189
0.549701	1.401132
0.550657	1.401075
0.551614	1.401018
0.552573	1.400962
0.553534	1.400905
0.554496	1.400849
0.55546	1.400793
0.556426	1.400738
0.557394	1.400682
0.558363	1.400627
0.559334	1.400571
0.560306	1.400516
0.56128	1.400462
0.562256	1.400407
0.563234	1.400353
0.564213	1.400298
0.565194	1.400244
0.566177	1.40019
0.567161	1.400137
0.568148	1.400083
0.569135	1.40003
0.570125	1.399977
0.571116	1.399924
0.572109	1.399871
0.573104	1.399819
0.5741	1.399766
0.575099	1.399714
0.576099	1.399662
0.5771	1.39961
0.578104	1.399558
0.579109	1.399507
0.580116	1.399456
0.581124	1.399405
0.582135	1.399354
0.583147	1.399303
0.584161	1.399252
0.585177	1.399202
0.586194	1.399152
0.587213	1.399101
0.588234	1.399052
0.589257	1.399002
0.590282	1.398952
0.591308	1.398903
0.592336	1.398854
0.593366	1.398805
0.594398	1.398756
0.595431	1.398707
0.596466	1.398659
0.597504	1.39861
0.598542	1.398562
0.599583	1.398514
0.600626	1.398466
0.60167	1.398418
0.602716	1.398371
0.603764	1.398324
0.604814	1.398276
0.605865	1.398229
0.606919	1.398182
0.607974	1.398136
0.609031	1.398089
0.61009	1.398043
0.611151	1.397997
0.612214	1.39795
0.613278	1.397905
0.614344	1.397859
0.615413	1.397813
0.616483	1.397768
0.617554	1.397723
0.618628	1.397677
0.619704	1.397632
0.620781	1.397588
0.621861	1.397543
0.622942	1.397499
0.624025	1.397454
0.62511	1.39741
0.626197	1.397366
0.627286	1.397322
0.628376	1.397278
0.629469	1.397235
0.630563	1.397191
0.63166	1.397148
0.632758	1.397105
0.633858	1.397062
0.63496	1.397019
0.636064	1.396977
0.63717	1.396934
0.638278	1.396892
0.639388	1.396849
0.6405	1.396807
0.641613	1.396765
0.642729	1.396724
0.643847	1.396682
0.644966	1.39664
0.646087	1.396599
0.647211	1.396558
0.648336	1.396517
0.649463	1.396476
0.650593	1.396435
0.651724	1.396394
0.652857	1.396354
0.653992	1.396313
0.655129	1.396273
0.656268	1.396233
0.657409	1.396193
0.658552	1.396153
0.659697	1.396114
0.660844	1.396074
0.661993	1.396035
0.663145	1.395996
0.664298	1.395956
0.665453	1.395917
0.66661	1.395879
0.667769	1.39584
0.66893	1.395801
0.670093	1.395763
0.671258	1.395724
0.672425	1.395686
0.673594	1.395648
0.674765	1.39561
0.675939	1.395573
0.677114	1.395535
0.678291	1.395497
0.679471	1.39546
0.680652	1.395423
0.681835	1.395386
0.683021	1.395349
0.684209	1.395312
0.685398	1.395275
0.68659	1.395238
0.687784	1.395202
0.68898	1.395165
0.690177	1.395129
0.691378	1.395093
0.69258	1.395057
0.693784	1.395021
0.69499	1.394985
0.696199	1.39495
0.697409	1.394914
0.698622	1.394879
0.699836	1.394844
0.701053	1.394809
0.702272	1.394774
0.703493	1.394739
0.704716	1.394704
0.705942	1.394669
0.707169	1.394635
0.708399	1.3946
0.70963	1.394566
0.710864	1.394532
0.7121	1.394498
0.713338	1.394464
0.714579	1.39443
0.715821	1.394396
0.717066	1.394363
0.718312	1.394329
0.719561	1.394296
0.720813	1.394263
0.722066	1.39423
0.723321	1.394197
0.724579	1.394164
0.725839	1.394131
0.727101	1.394098
0.728365	1.394066
0.729631	1.394033
0.7309	1.394001
0.732171	1.393969
0.733444	1.393937
0.734719	1.393905
0.735997	1.393873
0.737276	1.393841
0.738558	1.393809
0.739842	1.393778
0.741129	1.393746
0.742417	1.393715
0.743708	1.393684
0.745001	1.393653
0.746297	1.393622
0.747594	1.393591
0.748894	1.39356
0.750196	1.393529
0.751501	1.393499
0.752807	1.393468
0.754116	1.393438
0.755427	1.393408
0.756741	1.393378
0.758057	1.393348
0.759375	1.393318
0.760695	1.393288
0.762018	1.393258
0.763343	1.393228
0.76467	1.393199
0.765999	1.39317
0.767331	1.39314
0.768665	1.393111
0.770002	1.393082
0.771341	1.393053
0.772682	1.393024
0.774025	1.392995
0.775371	1.392966
0.776719	1.392938
0.77807	1.392909
0.779423	1.392881
0.780778	1.392852
0.782135	1.392824
0.783495	1.392796
0.784858	1.392768
0.786222	1.39274
0.787589	1.392712
0.788959	1.392685
0.790331	1.392657
0.791705	1.392629
0.793081	1.392602
0.79446	1.392575
0.795842	1.392547
0.797225	1.39252
0.798611	1.392493
0.8	1.392466

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

C₄H₉OH (Butanol): all datasets

About C4H9OH (Butanol)

Butanol (C₄H₁₀O) refers to a group of four isomeric alcohol compounds with a four-carbon structure. The isomers include n-butanol (or 1-butanol), isobutanol (or 2-methyl-1-propanol), sec-butanol (or 2-butanol), and tert-butanol (or 2-methyl-2-propanol). Of these, n-butanol is the most commonly referred to when discussing "butanol." Butanol is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic alcoholic odor. It is moderately soluble in water but is very soluble in most organic solvents. It's utilized in a wide variety of applications, including as a solvent in the manufacturing of resins, plasticizers, and other chemicals. It's also employed in the formulation of paints, coatings, varnishes, and inks. In addition, butanol is considered a potential biofuel, as it can be produced from biomass sources and has properties comparable to gasoline. Chemical formula (n-Butanol): CH₃(CH₂)₃OH or C₄H₉OH Chemical formula (sec-Butanol): CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CH₃ Chemical formula (Isobutanol): (CH₃)₂CHCH₂OH Chemical formula (tert-Butanol): (CH₃)₃COH

More about C4H9OH (Butanol) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/organic/C4H10O - butanol/nk/El-Kashef.yml
ID: ds_8c43042c0330
API: /v1/datasets/ds_8c43042c0330

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