Optical constants

Refractive index of C₄H₉OH (Butanol)

Wang et al. 2018: n-Butanol, 90 °C; n,k 1.66–19.1 µm

Data: tabulated nk
Range: 1.66–19.06 µm
Points: 488
Temperature: 363 K
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.35567
Extinction coefficient k: 0.00118

Permittivity ε₁: 1.83785
Permittivity ε₂: 0.00319939

Absorption coefficient α: 26.3849 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): 758009 nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: 0.058 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.02971
Group velocity dispersion: — fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: — ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 0.220612 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# C4H9OH (Butanol): Wang et al. 2018: n-Butanol, 90 °C; n,k 1.66–19.1 µm
c4h9oh = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("organic", "butanol", "Wang-90C", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(c4h9oh.range_nm)  # (1660, 19060) nm
eps = c4h9oh.eps([5620])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_acd72bc87561/lightsmith"
c4h9oh = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(c4h9oh.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (butanol/wang-2018-90c).

# ... load c4h9oh as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=c4h9oh)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=1660, stop_nm=19060, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

n-butanol, 90 °C.

Conditions

temperature: 363 K

References

C. C. Wang, J. Y. Tan, C. Y. Jing, L. H. Liu. Temperature-dependent optical constants of liquid isopropanol, n-butanol and n-decane. Appl. Opt. 57, 3303-3311 (2018) (Numerical data kindly provided by Chengchao Wang)

doi:10.1364/ao.57.003003 Temperature-dependent optical constants of liquid isopropanol, n-butanol, and n-decane, Applied Optics (2018)

Cite

C. C. Wang, J. Y. Tan, C. Y. Jing and L. H. Liu. Temperature-dependent optical constants of liquid isopropanol, n-butanol, and n-decane. Applied Optics, 57, 3003 (2018), doi:10.1364/ao.57.003003; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

488 rows as published

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

C4H9OH (Butanol), Wang et al. 2018: n-Butanol, 90 °C; n,k 1.66–19.1 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n	k
1.66	1.40599	3.229e-05
1.668	1.40845	3.3866e-05
1.679	1.40726	4.2898e-05
1.69	1.39955	6.6971e-05
1.699	1.39632	9.0268e-05
1.708	1.3946	0.00010917
1.719	1.393	0.00011331
1.728	1.3912	0.00010023
1.74	1.38968	9.0651e-05
1.749	1.38948	9.144e-05
1.759	1.39024	8.4766e-05
1.768	1.39021	6.928e-05
1.778	1.38927	5.766e-05
1.788	1.38794	5.3343e-05
1.798	1.38611	4.9146e-05
1.808	1.38404	4.4154e-05
1.818	1.38209	4.1449e-05
1.828	1.37988	3.7545e-05
1.839	1.37794	3.2318e-05
1.849	1.37674	2.7241e-05
1.86	1.37603	2.3704e-05
1.868	1.3757	2.2331e-05
1.879	1.37654	2.1885e-05
1.89	1.37837	2.0518e-05
1.898	1.38012	2.039e-05
1.909	1.38051	2.3068e-05
1.917	1.38058	2.4983e-05
1.929	1.38032	2.5212e-05
1.938	1.37991	2.4397e-05
1.949	1.38002	2.4564e-05
1.958	1.38016	2.5665e-05
1.97	1.37944	2.6362e-05
1.979	1.37773	2.642e-05
1.988	1.37644	2.8163e-05
1.997	1.37653	3.327e-05
2.01	1.37637	4.1987e-05
2.019	1.37592	4.932e-05
2.029	1.37583	5.9496e-05
2.038	1.37557	7.2914e-05
2.048	1.37503	8.9496e-05
2.058	1.37407	0.00010725
2.067	1.37311	0.00012418
2.077	1.37158	0.00013842
2.087	1.36949	0.00014639
2.097	1.36816	0.00014546
2.108	1.36752	0.0001381
2.118	1.36713	0.00012692
2.128	1.36687	0.00011504
2.139	1.36688	0.00010547
2.15	1.36725	9.687e-05
2.157	1.36779	9.2159e-05
2.168	1.36877	8.6155e-05
2.179	1.37017	8.2239e-05
2.19	1.37112	8.194e-05
2.197	1.37145	8.2914e-05
2.208	1.37119	8.533e-05
2.22	1.37069	9.0489e-05
2.227	1.37013	9.742e-05
2.239	1.36951	0.00012205
2.246	1.36892	0.00015635
2.258	1.36787	0.00025365
2.266	1.36657	0.0003514
2.278	1.36586	0.00052045
2.286	1.36628	0.00062648
2.298	1.36693	0.00074102
2.306	1.36702	0.00074656
2.319	1.36682	0.00066181
2.327	1.36687	0.00060849
2.34	1.3666	0.00056365
2.348	1.36622	0.00053966
2.357	1.36563	0.00051695
2.37	1.36492	0.00049572
2.378	1.36386	0.00049346
2.387	1.36285	0.00050421
2.396	1.36261	0.00051111
2.409	1.36294	0.00047874
2.418	1.36315	0.00045587
2.427	1.36313	0.00045303
2.437	1.36335	0.00048029
2.446	1.36397	0.00053671
2.46	1.36404	0.00057475
2.469	1.36379	0.00053999
2.478	1.36341	0.00050426
2.488	1.36306	0.00049009
2.498	1.36272	0.00048766
2.507	1.36247	0.00046638
2.517	1.36235	0.00041022
2.527	1.36215	0.00034968
2.537	1.36157	0.00031144
2.547	1.36093	0.0002952
2.557	1.36064	0.00028926
2.567	1.36093	0.00028471
2.577	1.36102	0.00028157
2.587	1.36089	0.00028529
2.598	1.36038	0.00029099
2.608	1.35995	0.00028553
2.619	1.3593	0.00026224
2.629	1.35863	0.00024034
2.64	1.35786	0.00023624
2.645	1.35696	0.00023939
2.656	1.35585	0.00024552
2.667	1.35521	0.00024723
2.678	1.35454	0.00025453
2.689	1.35385	0.00027806
2.695	1.35326	0.00029349
2.706	1.35308	0.00032691
2.717	1.35331	0.00037305
2.729	1.35393	0.00046054
2.735	1.35305	0.00053303
2.746	1.35318	0.00074126
2.758	1.35176	0.00096863
2.77	1.35026	0.00121
2.776	1.34914	0.00138
2.788	1.34703	0.00186
2.8	1.34416	0.00264
2.806	1.3442	0.0089
2.818	1.34242	0.01312
2.824	1.34218	0.01469
2.836	1.34082	0.01725
2.849	1.34276	0.01791
2.855	1.34383	0.01778
2.868	1.3415	0.02151
2.874	1.3418	0.02437
2.887	1.34259	0.02909
2.9	1.34401	0.03521
2.906	1.34594	0.03885
2.919	1.3473	0.04586
2.926	1.34832	0.04645
2.939	1.35533	0.04138
2.946	1.35908	0.03868
2.959	1.36347	0.04153
2.966	1.36476	0.04224
2.98	1.36661	0.0434
2.987	1.36879	0.04336
2.994	1.37143	0.04275
3.007	1.37419	0.03971
3.014	1.37482	0.03838
3.029	1.37829	0.03441
3.036	1.37959	0.03288
3.05	1.37944	0.02616
3.057	1.37869	0.0232
3.064	1.37827	0.02085
3.079	1.3782	0.01683
3.086	1.37725	0.01712
3.094	1.3767	0.01717
3.108	1.37537	0.01864
3.116	1.37349	0.01965
3.123	1.37175	0.01997
3.139	1.37318	0.01616
3.146	1.37329	0.01456
3.154	1.37237	0.01352
3.169	1.37002	0.00863
3.177	1.36942	0.00624
3.185	1.36919	0.00613
3.193	1.36884	0.00784
3.208	1.36643	0.00649
3.216	1.36437	0.0053
3.224	1.36277	0.00563
3.232	1.36285	0.00541
3.249	1.36117	0.00636
3.257	1.35888	0.00832
3.265	1.35685	0.00978
3.273	1.35515	0.00901
3.29	1.35348	0.00396
3.298	1.35135	0.0034
3.307	1.34786	0.00525
3.315	1.34381	0.00868
3.324	1.33952	0.01285
3.332	1.33412	0.01407
3.349	1.31927	0.02431
3.358	1.31437	0.03784
3.367	1.3163	0.05889
3.376	1.32892	0.07886
3.384	1.34607	0.08554
3.393	1.35795	0.08482
3.402	1.36768	0.08682
3.411	1.38042	0.08563
3.429	1.39394	0.06378
3.438	1.39413	0.05338
3.447	1.39238	0.04738
3.457	1.38978	0.04691
3.466	1.38952	0.05281
3.475	1.39537	0.05853
3.484	1.40585	0.05723
3.494	1.41354	0.04773
3.503	1.41474	0.03767
3.513	1.4125	0.02973
3.522	1.40906	0.02402
3.532	1.40536	0.02026
3.542	1.40135	0.01723
3.551	1.39806	0.0137
3.561	1.39472	0.01208
3.571	1.39204	0.0113
3.581	1.39181	0.00899
3.591	1.39184	0.00632
3.601	1.3903	0.00632
3.611	1.38754	0.00746
3.621	1.38579	0.00804
3.631	1.38475	0.00757
3.641	1.38389	0.00708
3.651	1.38238	0.0075
3.662	1.38205	0.00687
3.672	1.3832	0.00715
3.682	1.38328	0.0047
3.693	1.38265	0.00422
3.704	1.38296	0.0041
3.714	1.38327	0.00409
3.725	1.38192	0.00386
3.736	1.37996	0.0036
3.746	1.37935	0.00347
3.757	1.37875	0.00334
3.768	1.37778	0.00319
3.779	1.37805	0.00304
3.79	1.37815	0.00291
3.801	1.37662	0.00279
3.812	1.37537	0.00269
3.824	1.37506	0.0026
3.835	1.37545	0.00252
3.846	1.3748	0.00247
3.858	1.37381	0.00244
3.869	1.3743	0.00242
3.881	1.37425	0.0024
3.893	1.37299	0.00237
3.904	1.37187	0.00234
3.916	1.37153	0.00229
3.928	1.37208	0.00223
3.94	1.37247	0.00215
3.952	1.37226	0.00207
3.964	1.37178	0.002
3.976	1.37011	0.00193
3.988	1.36911	0.00184
4.001	1.36911	0.00175
4.013	1.37053	0.00167
4.026	1.37157	0.00161
4.038	1.37112	0.00157
4.051	1.37055	0.00152
4.063	1.37008	0.00148
4.076	1.36999	0.00144
4.089	1.37068	0.00142
4.102	1.37019	0.00141
4.115	1.36996	0.00141
4.128	1.36914	0.00142
4.141	1.36873	0.00142
4.155	1.36882	0.0014
4.168	1.36946	0.00135
4.181	1.36873	0.00127
4.195	1.36668	0.00119
4.209	1.36477	0.00114
4.222	1.3623	0.00109
4.236	1.36238	0.00106
4.25	1.3644	0.00106
4.264	1.3637	0.00107
4.278	1.36082	0.00107
4.292	1.36143	0.00107
4.306	1.36423	0.00105
4.321	1.36579	0.00102
4.335	1.36642	0.00097186
4.35	1.36742	0.0009301
4.364	1.36815	0.00090117
4.379	1.36846	0.00088138
4.394	1.36824	0.00086731
4.409	1.36759	0.00085553
4.424	1.36749	0.00085173
4.439	1.36759	0.00085021
4.454	1.36712	0.00084377
4.47	1.36624	0.00083802
4.485	1.36672	0.00083989
4.501	1.36704	0.00084667
4.516	1.36594	0.00086074
4.532	1.36428	0.00087936
4.548	1.36383	0.00089241
4.564	1.36539	0.00090146
4.58	1.36555	0.00091097
4.597	1.36514	0.00091615
4.613	1.36629	0.00090135
4.629	1.36597	0.00086859
4.646	1.36468	0.00084043
4.663	1.36448	0.00082494
4.68	1.36465	0.0008141
4.696	1.36371	0.00080763
4.714	1.36344	0.00081153
4.731	1.36348	0.00083772
4.748	1.36228	0.00088884
4.766	1.36217	0.00095124
4.783	1.36268	0.001
4.801	1.36301	0.00103
4.819	1.36258	0.00104
4.837	1.36116	0.00106
4.855	1.36129	0.00109
4.873	1.36266	0.00115
4.891	1.36262	0.00124
4.91	1.36059	0.00129
4.929	1.35956	0.0013
4.947	1.35989	0.00124
4.966	1.36042	0.00113
4.985	1.36079	0.00102
5.005	1.36143	0.0009672
5.024	1.36167	0.00097207
5.044	1.36277	0.00102
5.063	1.36284	0.00104
5.083	1.36078	0.00102
5.103	1.36021	0.001
5.123	1.36067	0.00099946
5.144	1.35958	0.000994
5.164	1.35886	0.00099858
5.185	1.35973	0.00104
5.206	1.36013	0.00109
5.227	1.3614	0.0011
5.248	1.35985	0.00105
5.269	1.35831	0.00101
5.291	1.35775	0.00098822
5.312	1.35819	0.00098973
5.334	1.35862	0.00102
5.356	1.35863	0.00105
5.379	1.35721	0.00106
5.401	1.35673	0.00105
5.424	1.35727	0.00103
5.446	1.35826	0.00101
5.469	1.35953	0.00102
5.492	1.35801	0.00105
5.516	1.35686	0.00109
5.539	1.35681	0.00114
5.563	1.35621	0.00118
5.587	1.35469	0.00118
5.611	1.35515	0.00118
5.636	1.3566	0.00118
5.66	1.35619	0.0012
5.685	1.35481	0.00123
5.71	1.35388	0.00129
5.736	1.35262	0.00136
5.761	1.35248	0.0014
5.787	1.35311	0.00144
5.813	1.3529	0.0015
5.839	1.35386	0.00154
5.865	1.35513	0.00157
5.892	1.354	0.00161
5.919	1.35202	0.00165
5.946	1.35086	0.00168
5.973	1.35028	0.00173
6.001	1.35062	0.0018
6.029	1.35154	0.00187
6.057	1.35133	0.00195
6.086	1.35042	0.00199
6.114	1.35093	0.00205
6.143	1.35186	0.00212
6.173	1.35097	0.00221
6.202	1.35046	0.0023
6.232	1.34894	0.0024
6.262	1.34834	0.0025
6.292	1.34908	0.00264
6.323	1.34995	0.00279
6.354	1.34983	0.00294
6.385	1.3484	0.00309
6.417	1.34556	0.00328
6.449	1.34316	0.00353
6.481	1.34248	0.00381
6.514	1.34152	0.0042
6.547	1.34061	0.00523
6.58	1.33801	0.005
6.613	1.33614	0.00719
6.647	1.33585	0.0129
6.682	1.33345	0.01795
6.716	1.32966	0.01853
6.751	1.32875	0.02485
6.787	1.33093	0.03411
6.822	1.3388	0.04299
6.858	1.34978	0.04135
6.895	1.35624	0.0348
6.932	1.35635	0.03159
6.969	1.3537	0.03329
7.007	1.35431	0.0321
7.045	1.35506	0.0291
7.083	1.35483	0.02868
7.122	1.35438	0.02816
7.161	1.3534	0.02971
7.201	1.35263	0.03424
7.241	1.35851	0.03806
7.282	1.36525	0.03523
7.323	1.36467	0.02883
7.365	1.36248	0.0253
7.407	1.36094	0.023
7.45	1.35991	0.02159
7.493	1.36341	0.02104
7.536	1.36457	0.02105
7.58	1.36435	0.02184
7.625	1.36372	0.02033
7.67	1.36179	0.01907
7.716	1.36064	0.02197
7.762	1.36082	0.02039
7.809	1.36032	0.01723
7.856	1.35862	0.01444
7.904	1.35477	0.01643
7.952	1.35245	0.01795
8.001	1.35253	0.01765
8.051	1.35385	0.01445
8.101	1.35049	0.01788
8.152	1.3493	0.02037
8.204	1.35551	0.01613
8.256	1.35921	0.0144
8.309	1.35751	0.01818
8.363	1.35762	0.01608
8.417	1.35646	0.01066
8.472	1.35107	0.00952
8.528	1.34645	0.01282
8.584	1.34413	0.01438
8.642	1.34154	0.01359
8.7	1.33644	0.0144
8.758	1.33342	0.0143
8.818	1.32827	0.01826
8.878	1.32344	0.02426
8.939	1.32262	0.02932
9.002	1.32622	0.03781
9.065	1.32513	0.0424
9.128	1.31837	0.03996
9.193	1.3062	0.05016
9.259	1.30132	0.08761
9.325	1.33034	0.11133
9.393	1.36105	0.10018
9.462	1.36254	0.08619
9.531	1.35861	0.08944
9.602	1.37453	0.10008
9.673	1.39542	0.0989
9.746	1.40792	0.08852
9.82	1.41377	0.07227
9.895	1.41274	0.05599
9.971	1.40725	0.04291
10.04	1.39954	0.03655
10.12	1.39681	0.03176
10.2	1.39616	0.0251
10.28	1.39121	0.02365
10.37	1.38497	0.0275
10.45	1.38691	0.03438
10.53	1.39924	0.03591
10.62	1.40422	0.02592
10.71	1.40031	0.01414
10.8	1.39067	0.01151
10.89	1.38231	0.01393
10.98	1.37836	0.01526
11.07	1.37871	0.01366
11.17	1.37944	0.01338
11.27	1.38065	0.00996
11.37	1.37619	0.00918
11.47	1.36698	0.00929
11.57	1.36251	0.01712
11.67	1.36291	0.02326
11.78	1.37305	0.02517
11.89	1.38332	0.02212
12.0	1.38171	0.01528
12.11	1.37382	0.01259
12.22	1.36798	0.01443
12.34	1.36379	0.01565
12.46	1.36812	0.01043
12.58	1.36998	0.01231
12.7	1.36935	0.01257
12.83	1.37067	0.01101
12.96	1.36625	0.0158
13.09	1.35586	0.01882
13.22	1.35616	0.0223
13.36	1.3631	0.02828
13.5	1.37017	0.03043
13.64	1.36571	0.03992
13.79	1.36523	0.03846
13.93	1.36996	0.0268
14.08	1.36583	0.02505
14.24	1.35878	0.02878
14.4	1.36128	0.03475
14.56	1.3685	0.03344
14.73	1.37292	0.02075
14.89	1.37631	0.01508
15.07	1.37444	0.02832
15.25	1.377	0.04152
15.43	1.38488	0.04278
15.61	1.3857	0.05549
15.8	1.39044	0.05028
16.0	1.40611	0.04552
16.2	1.41659	0.03907
16.4	1.41796	0.02794
16.61	1.38759	0.04023
16.83	1.37472	0.02849
17.05	1.37446	0.0202
17.28	1.35582	0.00613
17.51	1.32802	0.03884
17.75	1.34547	0.0599
18.0	1.37263	0.0891
18.25	1.36942	0.10976
18.51	1.36203	0.15735
18.78	1.33482	0.07
19.06	1.36585	0.16817

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

C₄H₉OH (Butanol): all datasets

About C4H9OH (Butanol)

Butanol (C₄H₁₀O) refers to a group of four isomeric alcohol compounds with a four-carbon structure. The isomers include n-butanol (or 1-butanol), isobutanol (or 2-methyl-1-propanol), sec-butanol (or 2-butanol), and tert-butanol (or 2-methyl-2-propanol). Of these, n-butanol is the most commonly referred to when discussing "butanol." Butanol is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic alcoholic odor. It is moderately soluble in water but is very soluble in most organic solvents. It's utilized in a wide variety of applications, including as a solvent in the manufacturing of resins, plasticizers, and other chemicals. It's also employed in the formulation of paints, coatings, varnishes, and inks. In addition, butanol is considered a potential biofuel, as it can be produced from biomass sources and has properties comparable to gasoline. Chemical formula (n-Butanol): CH₃(CH₂)₃OH or C₄H₉OH Chemical formula (sec-Butanol): CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CH₃ Chemical formula (Isobutanol): (CH₃)₂CHCH₂OH Chemical formula (tert-Butanol): (CH₃)₃COH

More about C4H9OH (Butanol) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/organic/C4H10O - butanol/nk/Wang-90C.yml
ID: ds_acd72bc87561
API: /v1/datasets/ds_acd72bc87561

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