Optical constants

Refractive index of C₄H₉OH (Butanol)

Moutzouris et al. 2013: n-Butanol; n 0.450–1.55 µm

Data: formula 3
Range: 0.45–1.551 µm
Temperature: 300 K
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 1.39538
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 1.9471
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: 60.561
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.0318828 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 1.41412
Group velocity dispersion: 63.7097 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -347.57 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# C4H9OH (Butanol): Moutzouris et al. 2013: n-Butanol; n 0.450–1.55 µm
c4h9oh = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("organic", "butanol", "Moutzouris-n", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(c4h9oh.range_nm)  # (450, 1551) nm
eps = c4h9oh.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_853b7c022438/lightsmith"
c4h9oh = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(c4h9oh.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (butanol/moutzouris-2013-n).

# ... load c4h9oh as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=c4h9oh)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=450, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

Polynomial (formula 3), λ in µm

n^{2} = 1.917816501 - 0.00115077 λ^{2.0} + 0.01373734 λ^{- 2.0} - 0.00194084 λ^{- 4.0} + 0.000254077 λ^{- 6.0}

Valid from 0.45 to 1.551 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	1.917816501
C2	-0.00115077
C3	2.0
C4	0.01373734
C5	-2.0
C6	-0.00194084
C7	-4.0
C8	0.000254077
C9	-6.0

Comments and conditions

n-Butanol (1-Butanol); 300 K (27 °C).

Conditions

temperature: 300 K

References

K. Moutzouris, M. Papamichael, S. C. Betsis, I. Stavrakas, G. Hloupis, D. Triantis. Refractive, dispersive and thermo-optic properties of twelve organic solvents in the visible and near-infrared. Appl. Phys. B 116, 617-622 (2013)

doi:10.1007/s00340-013-5744-3 Refractive, dispersive and thermo-optic properties of twelve organic solvents in the visible and near-infrared, Applied Physics B (2013)

Cite

Konstantinos Moutzouris et al.. Refractive, dispersive and thermo-optic properties of twelve organic solvents in the visible and near-infrared. Applied Physics B, 116, 617-622 (2013), doi:10.1007/s00340-013-5744-3; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

C4H9OH (Butanol), Moutzouris et al. 2013: n-Butanol; n 0.450–1.55 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.45	1.4031
0.451398	1.402957
0.4528	1.402816
0.454206	1.402677
0.455617	1.40254
0.457032	1.402405
0.458452	1.402271
0.459876	1.40214
0.461304	1.40201
0.462737	1.401883
0.464174	1.401757
0.465616	1.401632
0.467062	1.401509
0.468513	1.401388
0.469968	1.401269
0.471428	1.401151
0.472892	1.401035
0.474361	1.40092
0.475835	1.400806
0.477313	1.400695
0.478795	1.400584
0.480282	1.400475
0.481774	1.400367
0.483271	1.400261
0.484772	1.400156
0.486277	1.400052
0.487788	1.399949
0.489303	1.399848
0.490823	1.399748
0.492347	1.399649
0.493877	1.399551
0.495411	1.399454
0.496949	1.399359
0.498493	1.399264
0.500041	1.399171
0.501595	1.399078
0.503153	1.398987
0.504715	1.398897
0.506283	1.398807
0.507856	1.398719
0.509433	1.398632
0.511015	1.398545
0.512603	1.39846
0.514195	1.398375
0.515792	1.398291
0.517394	1.398208
0.519001	1.398126
0.520613	1.398045
0.52223	1.397965
0.523852	1.397885
0.52548	1.397806
0.527112	1.397728
0.528749	1.397651
0.530391	1.397574
0.532039	1.397498
0.533691	1.397423
0.535349	1.397349
0.537012	1.397275
0.53868	1.397202
0.540353	1.397129
0.542031	1.397058
0.543715	1.396987
0.545404	1.396916
0.547098	1.396846
0.548797	1.396777
0.550502	1.396708
0.552212	1.39664
0.553927	1.396573
0.555647	1.396506
0.557373	1.396439
0.559105	1.396373
0.560841	1.396308
0.562583	1.396243
0.564331	1.396179
0.566084	1.396115
0.567842	1.396052
0.569606	1.395989
0.571375	1.395927
0.57315	1.395865
0.57493	1.395804
0.576716	1.395743
0.578507	1.395682
0.580304	1.395622
0.582106	1.395563
0.583914	1.395503
0.585728	1.395445
0.587547	1.395386
0.589372	1.395328
0.591203	1.395271
0.593039	1.395214
0.594881	1.395157
0.596729	1.395101
0.598583	1.395045
0.600442	1.394989
0.602307	1.394934
0.604178	1.394879
0.606054	1.394825
0.607937	1.39477
0.609825	1.394717
0.611719	1.394663
0.613619	1.39461
0.615525	1.394557
0.617437	1.394505
0.619355	1.394453
0.621279	1.394401
0.623209	1.394349
0.625144	1.394298
0.627086	1.394247
0.629034	1.394197
0.630988	1.394146
0.632948	1.394096
0.634914	1.394047
0.636886	1.393997
0.638864	1.393948
0.640848	1.393899
0.642839	1.39385
0.644835	1.393802
0.646838	1.393754
0.648847	1.393706
0.650863	1.393659
0.652885	1.393611
0.654912	1.393564
0.656947	1.393517
0.658987	1.393471
0.661034	1.393425
0.663087	1.393379
0.665147	1.393333
0.667213	1.393287
0.669285	1.393242
0.671364	1.393197
0.673449	1.393152
0.675541	1.393107
0.67764	1.393063
0.679744	1.393019
0.681856	1.392975
0.683974	1.392931
0.686098	1.392887
0.688229	1.392844
0.690367	1.392801
0.692511	1.392758
0.694662	1.392715
0.69682	1.392673
0.698984	1.39263
0.701155	1.392588
0.703333	1.392546
0.705518	1.392505
0.707709	1.392463
0.709907	1.392422
0.712112	1.392381
0.714324	1.39234
0.716543	1.392299
0.718769	1.392258
0.721001	1.392218
0.723241	1.392178
0.725487	1.392138
0.727741	1.392098
0.730001	1.392058
0.732269	1.392019
0.734543	1.391979
0.736825	1.39194
0.739113	1.391901
0.741409	1.391863
0.743712	1.391824
0.746022	1.391786
0.748339	1.391747
0.750664	1.391709
0.752995	1.391671
0.755334	1.391633
0.75768	1.391596
0.760034	1.391558
0.762394	1.391521
0.764762	1.391484
0.767138	1.391447
0.769521	1.39141
0.771911	1.391374
0.774308	1.391337
0.776713	1.391301
0.779126	1.391265
0.781546	1.391228
0.783974	1.391193
0.786409	1.391157
0.788851	1.391121
0.791302	1.391086
0.793759	1.391051
0.796225	1.391015
0.798698	1.39098
0.801179	1.390946
0.803667	1.390911
0.806164	1.390876
0.808668	1.390842
0.811179	1.390808
0.813699	1.390773
0.816226	1.390739
0.818762	1.390706
0.821305	1.390672
0.823856	1.390638
0.826415	1.390605
0.828982	1.390571
0.831557	1.390538
0.83414	1.390505
0.83673	1.390472
0.839329	1.390439
0.841936	1.390407
0.844552	1.390374
0.847175	1.390342
0.849806	1.39031
0.852446	1.390278
0.855094	1.390246
0.85775	1.390214
0.860414	1.390182
0.863086	1.39015
0.865767	1.390119
0.868456	1.390087
0.871154	1.390056
0.87386	1.390025
0.876574	1.389994
0.879297	1.389963
0.882028	1.389932
0.884768	1.389902
0.887516	1.389871
0.890272	1.389841
0.893038	1.389811
0.895811	1.38978
0.898594	1.38975
0.901385	1.38972
0.904185	1.389691
0.906993	1.389661
0.909811	1.389631
0.912636	1.389602
0.915471	1.389573
0.918315	1.389543
0.921167	1.389514
0.924028	1.389485
0.926898	1.389456
0.929777	1.389427
0.932665	1.389399
0.935562	1.38937
0.938468	1.389342
0.941383	1.389313
0.944307	1.389285
0.94724	1.389257
0.950183	1.389229
0.953134	1.389201
0.956094	1.389173
0.959064	1.389146
0.962043	1.389118
0.965031	1.389091
0.968029	1.389063
0.971036	1.389036
0.974052	1.389009
0.977077	1.388982
0.980112	1.388955
0.983156	1.388928
0.98621	1.388901
0.989273	1.388874
0.992346	1.388848
0.995428	1.388821
0.99852	1.388795
1.00162	1.388769
1.00473	1.388742
1.00785	1.388716
1.01098	1.38869
1.01412	1.388664
1.01727	1.388639
1.02043	1.388613
1.0236	1.388587
1.02678	1.388562
1.02997	1.388536
1.03317	1.388511
1.03638	1.388486
1.0396	1.388461
1.04283	1.388436
1.04607	1.388411
1.04932	1.388386
1.05258	1.388361
1.05585	1.388336
1.05913	1.388312
1.06242	1.388287
1.06572	1.388263
1.06903	1.388239
1.07235	1.388214
1.07568	1.38819
1.07902	1.388166
1.08237	1.388142
1.08573	1.388118
1.0891	1.388094
1.09249	1.388071
1.09588	1.388047
1.09928	1.388023
1.1027	1.388
1.10612	1.387976
1.10956	1.387953
1.11301	1.38793
1.11646	1.387907
1.11993	1.387884
1.12341	1.387861
1.1269	1.387838
1.1304	1.387815
1.13391	1.387792
1.13743	1.387769
1.14096	1.387747
1.14451	1.387724
1.14806	1.387702
1.15163	1.387679
1.15521	1.387657
1.15879	1.387635
1.16239	1.387613
1.166	1.38759
1.16963	1.387568
1.17326	1.387546
1.1769	1.387525
1.18056	1.387503
1.18423	1.387481
1.1879	1.387459
1.19159	1.387438
1.1953	1.387416
1.19901	1.387395
1.20273	1.387373
1.20647	1.387352
1.21022	1.387331
1.21397	1.38731
1.21774	1.387288
1.22153	1.387267
1.22532	1.387246
1.22913	1.387225
1.23295	1.387205
1.23677	1.387184
1.24062	1.387163
1.24447	1.387142
1.24834	1.387122
1.25221	1.387101
1.2561	1.387081
1.26	1.38706
1.26392	1.38704
1.26784	1.387019
1.27178	1.386999
1.27573	1.386979
1.27969	1.386959
1.28367	1.386939
1.28766	1.386919
1.29166	1.386899
1.29567	1.386879
1.29969	1.386859
1.30373	1.386839
1.30778	1.386819
1.31184	1.3868
1.31592	1.38678
1.32	1.38676
1.3241	1.386741
1.32822	1.386721
1.33234	1.386702
1.33648	1.386682
1.34063	1.386663
1.34479	1.386644
1.34897	1.386625
1.35316	1.386605
1.35736	1.386586
1.36158	1.386567
1.36581	1.386548
1.37005	1.386529
1.37431	1.38651
1.37858	1.386491
1.38286	1.386472
1.38715	1.386453
1.39146	1.386435
1.39578	1.386416
1.40012	1.386397
1.40447	1.386378
1.40883	1.38636
1.41321	1.386341
1.4176	1.386323
1.422	1.386304
1.42642	1.386286
1.43085	1.386267
1.43529	1.386249
1.43975	1.386231
1.44422	1.386212
1.44871	1.386194
1.45321	1.386176
1.45772	1.386157
1.46225	1.386139
1.46679	1.386121
1.47135	1.386103
1.47592	1.386085
1.4805	1.386067
1.4851	1.386049
1.48971	1.386031
1.49434	1.386013
1.49898	1.385995
1.50364	1.385977
1.50831	1.385959
1.51299	1.385942
1.51769	1.385924
1.52241	1.385906
1.52714	1.385888
1.53188	1.385871
1.53664	1.385853
1.54141	1.385835
1.5462	1.385818
1.551	1.3858

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

C₄H₉OH (Butanol): all datasets

About C4H9OH (Butanol)

Butanol (C₄H₁₀O) refers to a group of four isomeric alcohol compounds with a four-carbon structure. The isomers include n-butanol (or 1-butanol), isobutanol (or 2-methyl-1-propanol), sec-butanol (or 2-butanol), and tert-butanol (or 2-methyl-2-propanol). Of these, n-butanol is the most commonly referred to when discussing "butanol." Butanol is a colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic alcoholic odor. It is moderately soluble in water but is very soluble in most organic solvents. It's utilized in a wide variety of applications, including as a solvent in the manufacturing of resins, plasticizers, and other chemicals. It's also employed in the formulation of paints, coatings, varnishes, and inks. In addition, butanol is considered a potential biofuel, as it can be produced from biomass sources and has properties comparable to gasoline. Chemical formula (n-Butanol): CH₃(CH₂)₃OH or C₄H₉OH Chemical formula (sec-Butanol): CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CH₃ Chemical formula (Isobutanol): (CH₃)₂CHCH₂OH Chemical formula (tert-Butanol): (CH₃)₃COH

More about C4H9OH (Butanol) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/organic/C4H10O - butanol/nk/Moutzouris-n.yml
ID: ds_853b7c022438
API: /v1/datasets/ds_853b7c022438

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