Optical constants

Refractive index of GaS (Gallium sulfide)

Kato and Umemura 2011: n(o) 0.633–10.6 µm

Data: formula 4
Range: 0.633–10.59 µm
Optical axis: o
Licence: CC0-1.0

Uniaxial crystal, axes: oe

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 2.58133
Extinction coefficient k: 0

Permittivity ε₁: 6.66324
Permittivity ε₂: 0

Absorption coefficient α: 0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): — nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: -0.00791101 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: 2.60182
Group velocity dispersion: 184.763 fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: -51.8819 ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 0.478703 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# GaS (Gallium sulfide): Kato and Umemura 2011: n(o) 0.633–10.6 µm
gas = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "GaS", "Kato-o", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(gas.range_nm)  # (633, 10591) nm
eps = gas.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_47bcc324a037/lightsmith"
gas = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(gas.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (gas/kato-umemura-2011-o).

# ... load gas as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=gas)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=633, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Dispersion formula

RefractiveIndex.INFO (formula 4), λ in µm

n^{2} = 7.12996 + \frac{0.26073 λ^{0.0}}{λ^{2} - {0.04627}^{1.0}} + \frac{127.335 λ^{0.0}}{λ^{2} - {258.431}^{1.0}}

Valid from 0.633 to 10.591 µm.

Coefficients as stored

C_i	Value
C1	7.12996
C2	0.26073
C3	0.0
C4	0.04627
C5	1.0
C6	127.335
C7	0.0
C8	258.431
C9	1.0

Comments and conditions

Room temperature. Ordinary ray (o).

Conditions

direction: o

References

K. Kato and N. Umemura. Sellmeier equations for GaS and GaSe and their applications to the nonlinear optics in GaS_xSe_1−x. Opt. Lett. 36, 746-747 (2011)

doi:10.1364/ol.36.000746 Sellmeier equations for GaS and GaSe and their applications to the nonlinear optics in GaS_xSe_1−x, Optics Letters (2011)

Cite

Kiyoshi Kato and Nobuhiro Umemura. Sellmeier equations for GaS and GaSe and their applications to the nonlinear optics in GaS_xSe_1−x. Optics Letters, 36, 746 (2011), doi:10.1364/ol.36.000746; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

Computed on 400 wavelengths, the same grid as the API and the library

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

GaS (Gallium sulfide), Kato and Umemura 2011: n(o) 0.633–10.6 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n
0.633	2.715166
0.637485	2.713019
0.642002	2.710909
0.646552	2.708834
0.651133	2.706793
0.655747	2.704787
0.660393	2.702813
0.665073	2.700873
0.669785	2.698965
0.674531	2.697088
0.679311	2.695242
0.684125	2.693426
0.688972	2.69164
0.693854	2.689883
0.698771	2.688155
0.703722	2.686455
0.708709	2.684782
0.71373	2.683137
0.718788	2.681518
0.723881	2.679925
0.72901	2.678358
0.734176	2.676816
0.739378	2.675299
0.744617	2.673806
0.749894	2.672337
0.755207	2.670891
0.760559	2.669468
0.765948	2.668068
0.771375	2.66669
0.776841	2.665333
0.782346	2.663998
0.787889	2.662684
0.793472	2.661391
0.799095	2.660118
0.804757	2.658865
0.810459	2.657632
0.816202	2.656417
0.821986	2.655222
0.82781	2.654045
0.833676	2.652886
0.839583	2.651746
0.845532	2.650623
0.851524	2.649517
0.857557	2.648429
0.863634	2.647357
0.869753	2.646301
0.875916	2.645262
0.882123	2.644239
0.888374	2.643231
0.894669	2.642239
0.901008	2.641262
0.907392	2.6403
0.913822	2.639352
0.920297	2.638419
0.926818	2.6375
0.933386	2.636594
0.94	2.635703
0.94666	2.634825
0.953368	2.63396
0.960124	2.633108
0.966927	2.632269
0.973778	2.631442
0.980679	2.630628
0.987627	2.629826
0.994626	2.629036
1.00167	2.628258
1.00877	2.627491
1.01592	2.626736
1.02312	2.625992
1.03037	2.625259
1.03767	2.624536
1.04502	2.623825
1.05243	2.623124
1.05988	2.622433
1.06739	2.621753
1.07496	2.621082
1.08257	2.620421
1.09025	2.61977
1.09797	2.619129
1.10575	2.618497
1.11359	2.617874
1.12148	2.61726
1.12942	2.616655
1.13743	2.616059
1.14549	2.615472
1.1536	2.614893
1.16178	2.614322
1.17001	2.61376
1.1783	2.613205
1.18665	2.612659
1.19506	2.612121
1.20353	2.61159
1.21205	2.611067
1.22064	2.610551
1.22929	2.610043
1.238	2.609542
1.24677	2.609048
1.25561	2.608561
1.26451	2.608081
1.27347	2.607608
1.28249	2.607142
1.29158	2.606682
1.30073	2.606229
1.30995	2.605782
1.31923	2.605341
1.32858	2.604906
1.33799	2.604478
1.34747	2.604055
1.35702	2.603639
1.36663	2.603228
1.37632	2.602823
1.38607	2.602424
1.39589	2.60203
1.40578	2.601641
1.41574	2.601258
1.42578	2.60088
1.43588	2.600507
1.44605	2.60014
1.4563	2.599777
1.46662	2.599419
1.47701	2.599067
1.48748	2.598719
1.49802	2.598375
1.50863	2.598037
1.51932	2.597702
1.53009	2.597373
1.54093	2.597047
1.55185	2.596727
1.56284	2.59641
1.57392	2.596098
1.58507	2.595789
1.5963	2.595485
1.60761	2.595185
1.619	2.594888
1.63048	2.594596
1.64203	2.594307
1.65367	2.594022
1.66538	2.593741
1.67718	2.593464
1.68907	2.59319
1.70104	2.592919
1.71309	2.592652
1.72523	2.592388
1.73745	2.592128
1.74976	2.591871
1.76216	2.591617
1.77465	2.591366
1.78722	2.591119
1.79989	2.590874
1.81264	2.590633
1.82549	2.590394
1.83842	2.590159
1.85145	2.589926
1.86457	2.589696
1.87778	2.589469
1.89109	2.589244
1.90449	2.589022
1.91798	2.588803
1.93157	2.588586
1.94526	2.588372
1.95904	2.58816
1.97292	2.587951
1.9869	2.587744
2.00098	2.58754
2.01516	2.587338
2.02944	2.587138
2.04382	2.58694
2.0583	2.586744
2.07289	2.586551
2.08758	2.58636
2.10237	2.58617
2.11726	2.585983
2.13227	2.585798
2.14738	2.585614
2.16259	2.585433
2.17792	2.585253
2.19335	2.585075
2.20889	2.584899
2.22454	2.584725
2.2403	2.584552
2.25618	2.584381
2.27217	2.584212
2.28827	2.584044
2.30448	2.583878
2.32081	2.583714
2.33726	2.58355
2.35382	2.583389
2.3705	2.583229
2.38729	2.58307
2.40421	2.582912
2.42124	2.582756
2.4384	2.582601
2.45568	2.582447
2.47308	2.582295
2.4906	2.582144
2.50825	2.581994
2.52602	2.581845
2.54392	2.581697
2.56195	2.58155
2.5801	2.581405
2.59839	2.58126
2.6168	2.581116
2.63534	2.580973
2.65401	2.580831
2.67282	2.58069
2.69176	2.58055
2.71083	2.580411
2.73004	2.580272
2.74939	2.580135
2.76887	2.579998
2.78849	2.579861
2.80825	2.579726
2.82814	2.579591
2.84818	2.579456
2.86837	2.579322
2.88869	2.579189
2.90916	2.579056
2.92977	2.578924
2.95053	2.578792
2.97144	2.578661
2.9925	2.57853
3.0137	2.578399
3.03506	2.578269
3.05656	2.578139
3.07822	2.57801
3.10003	2.577881
3.122	2.577751
3.14412	2.577623
3.1664	2.577494
3.18884	2.577365
3.21143	2.577237
3.23419	2.577109
3.2571	2.576981
3.28018	2.576852
3.30343	2.576724
3.32683	2.576596
3.35041	2.576468
3.37415	2.576339
3.39806	2.576211
3.42213	2.576082
3.44638	2.575954
3.4708	2.575825
3.4954	2.575696
3.52017	2.575566
3.54511	2.575436
3.57023	2.575306
3.59553	2.575176
3.621	2.575045
3.64666	2.574914
3.6725	2.574782
3.69852	2.57465
3.72473	2.574518
3.75113	2.574384
3.77771	2.574251
3.80447	2.574116
3.83143	2.573981
3.85858	2.573846
3.88592	2.573709
3.91346	2.573572
3.94119	2.573434
3.96911	2.573295
3.99724	2.573156
4.02556	2.573015
4.05409	2.572874
4.08281	2.572732
4.11174	2.572588
4.14088	2.572444
4.17022	2.572299
4.19977	2.572152
4.22953	2.572004
4.2595	2.571855
4.28968	2.571705
4.32008	2.571554
4.35069	2.571401
4.38152	2.571247
4.41256	2.571092
4.44383	2.570935
4.47532	2.570776
4.50703	2.570616
4.53897	2.570455
4.57113	2.570292
4.60352	2.570127
4.63614	2.56996
4.66899	2.569792
4.70207	2.569622
4.73539	2.56945
4.76895	2.569276
4.80274	2.5691
4.83677	2.568922
4.87104	2.568742
4.90556	2.56856
4.94032	2.568375
4.97533	2.568189
5.01058	2.568
5.04608	2.567809
5.08184	2.567615
5.11785	2.567419
5.15411	2.56722
5.19064	2.567018
5.22742	2.566814
5.26446	2.566607
5.30176	2.566397
5.33933	2.566185
5.37716	2.565969
5.41526	2.56575
5.45363	2.565528
5.49228	2.565303
5.5312	2.565075
5.57039	2.564843
5.60986	2.564608
5.64961	2.564369
5.68964	2.564126
5.72996	2.56388
5.77056	2.56363
5.81145	2.563376
5.85263	2.563118
5.8941	2.562856
5.93587	2.562589
5.97793	2.562318
6.02028	2.562043
6.06294	2.561763
6.1059	2.561479
6.14917	2.561189
6.19274	2.560895
6.23662	2.560596
6.28082	2.560291
6.32532	2.559982
6.37014	2.559666
6.41528	2.559345
6.46074	2.559019
6.50652	2.558686
6.55262	2.558347
6.59905	2.558002
6.64581	2.557651
6.6929	2.557293
6.74033	2.556929
6.78809	2.556557
6.83619	2.556179
6.88463	2.555793
6.93341	2.555399
6.98254	2.554998
7.03202	2.554589
7.08185	2.554172
7.13203	2.553746
7.18256	2.553312
7.23346	2.552869
7.28471	2.552417
7.33633	2.551955
7.38832	2.551484
7.44067	2.551003
7.49339	2.550511
7.54649	2.550009
7.59996	2.549497
7.65382	2.548973
7.70805	2.548437
7.76267	2.54789
7.81767	2.54733
7.87307	2.546758
7.92886	2.546173
7.98504	2.545574
8.04162	2.544961
8.0986	2.544334
8.15599	2.543692
8.21378	2.543035
8.27198	2.542363
8.33059	2.541673
8.38962	2.540967
8.44907	2.540244
8.50894	2.539503
8.56923	2.538742
8.62995	2.537963
8.6911	2.537163
8.75269	2.536343
8.81471	2.535501
8.87717	2.534637
8.94007	2.53375
9.00342	2.532838
9.06722	2.531902
9.13147	2.53094
9.19617	2.529951
9.26133	2.528934
9.32696	2.527888
9.39305	2.526811
9.4596	2.525703
9.52663	2.524562
9.59414	2.523387
9.66212	2.522177
9.73059	2.520929
9.79954	2.519642
9.86897	2.518314
9.9389	2.516944
10.0093	2.51553
10.0803	2.514069
10.1517	2.512559
10.2236	2.510999
10.2961	2.509385
10.369	2.507714
10.4425	2.505985
10.5165	2.504193
10.591	2.502337

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

GaS (Gallium sulfide): all datasets

Bulk

Multilayer flakes

About GaS (Gallium sulfide)

Gallium sulfide (GaS) is a binary compound with a layered structure, belonging to the family of III-VI semiconductors. It has an indirect band gap of approximately 3.0 eV and is not as commonly used as other III-V compounds like GaAs or GaN. However, GaS exhibits intriguing optoelectronic and nonlinear optical properties, making it a material of interest for specialized applications. It can be synthesized in both crystalline and thin-film forms, and it has been explored for use in photodetectors and photovoltaic cells. While not a mainstream material, GaS is the subject of ongoing research aimed at uncovering its full potential for optoelectronic applications.

More about GaS (Gallium sulfide) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/main/GaS/nk/Kato-o.yml
ID: ds_47bcc324a037
API: /v1/datasets/ds_47bcc324a037

Plot