Optical constants

Refractive index of VO2 (Vanadium dioxide)

Beaini et al. 2020: n,k 0.5–25 µm; 100 °C

Data
tabulated nk
Range
0.5–25 µm
Points
2451
Temperature
373 K
Licence
CC0-1.0

Plot

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Range 0.5–25 µm
Refractive index n
2.57469
Extinction coefficient k
0.374804
Permittivity ε1
6.48856
Permittivity ε2
1.93001
Absorption coefficient α
80155.3 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
249.516 nm
Abbe number Vd
—
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
-3.58 µm⁻¹
Group index ng
4.6783
Group velocity dispersion
— fs²/mm
Dispersion parameter D
— ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy
2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls

# VO2 (Vanadium dioxide): Beaini et al. 2020: n,k 0.5–25 µm; 100 °C
vo2 = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "VO2", "Beaini-100C", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(vo2.range_nm)  # (500, 25000) nm
eps = vo2.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

70 nm-thick VO2 film deposited on SiO2 substrate. 100 °C.

Conditions

temperature
373 K
film thickness
70e-9
substrate
SiO2

References

R. Beaini, B. Baloukas, S. Loquai, J.E. Klemberg-Sapieha, L. Martinu. Thermochromic VO2-based smart radiator devices with ultralow refractive index cavities for increased performance. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 205, 110260 (2020) (Data points extracted from Fig. 1)
  • doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2019.110260 Thermochromic VO2-based smart radiator devices with ultralow refractive index cavities for increased performance, Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells (2020)

Cite

R. Beaini, B. Baloukas, S. Loquai, J.E. Klemberg-Sapieha and L. Martinu. Thermochromic VO2-based smart radiator devices with ultralow refractive index cavities for increased performance. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 205, 110260 (2020), doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2019.110260; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

2451 rows as published
VO2 (Vanadium dioxide), Beaini et al. 2020: n,k 0.5–25 µm; 100 °C: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)nk
0.52.89680.5838
0.512.86330.4637
0.522.82770.4209
0.532.79060.4012
0.542.75270.3894
0.552.71450.382
0.562.67640.3776
0.572.63880.3753
0.582.60190.3745
0.592.56610.3749
0.62.5310.3762
0.612.49660.3781
0.622.46270.3807
0.632.42910.3839
0.642.39560.3876
0.652.36220.3918
0.662.32840.3965
0.672.29420.4017
0.682.25980.4074
0.692.22560.4138
0.72.19230.4208
0.712.15990.4286
0.722.12860.4376
0.732.0980.4483
0.742.06780.4627
0.752.03770.6064
0.762.00760.6279
0.771.97710.6447
0.781.94580.6599
0.791.91420.6745
0.81.88460.6892
0.811.85840.7048
0.821.83520.7226
0.831.81380.7483
0.841.79360.8683
0.851.77420.9
0.861.75570.9227
0.871.73780.943
0.881.72080.9628
0.891.70470.9836
0.91.68981.0079
0.911.67661.0455
0.921.66531.1171
0.931.65621.1666
0.941.64891.203
0.951.64321.2362
0.961.63851.2693
0.971.63461.3051
0.981.63131.3463
0.991.62861.3934
1.01.62661.443
1.011.62521.4905
1.021.62441.5346
1.031.62421.5759
1.041.62481.6152
1.051.6261.6527
1.061.62781.6881
1.071.63031.7208
1.081.63341.7515
1.091.6371.7813
1.11.64111.811
1.111.64561.8409
1.121.65051.871
1.131.65581.9017
1.141.66131.933
1.151.6671.9655
1.161.6731.9994
1.171.67912.0336
1.181.68552.0668
1.191.69212.0985
1.21.69882.1291
1.211.70572.1586
1.221.71282.1871
1.231.72022.2144
1.241.72772.2405
1.251.73542.2664
1.261.74332.2944
1.271.75142.3301
1.281.75982.391
1.291.76852.4461
1.31.77742.4799
1.311.78662.5064
1.321.7962.531
1.331.80582.5559
1.341.8162.5837
1.351.82652.6205
1.361.83742.673
1.371.84872.7138
1.381.86052.7388
1.391.87282.756
1.41.88592.7691
1.411.89962.7801
1.421.91382.7899
1.431.92812.7989
1.441.94152.8075
1.451.95272.8158
1.461.95812.8239
1.471.94562.832
1.481.87242.8402
1.491.83272.8485
1.51.84132.8571
1.511.8592.866
1.521.87852.8752
1.531.89712.885
1.541.91372.8952
1.551.92772.9058
1.561.93972.917
1.571.95032.9286
1.581.95992.9408
1.591.96882.9536
1.61.97742.9671
1.611.98572.9814
1.621.99412.9968
1.632.00273.0134
1.642.01173.0321
1.652.0213.0542
1.662.03073.0826
1.672.04093.1202
1.682.05153.1591
1.692.06263.186
1.72.07423.2054
1.712.08613.222
1.722.09853.2375
1.732.11133.2527
1.742.12453.2682
1.752.1383.2846
1.762.15193.3028
1.772.16623.3238
1.782.18073.3485
1.792.19553.3765
1.82.21053.4066
1.812.22573.4366
1.822.24113.4636
1.832.25673.4855
1.842.27253.5039
1.852.28833.5209
1.862.30433.5381
1.872.32053.5571
1.882.33673.5793
1.892.3533.6052
1.92.36953.6331
1.912.3863.661
1.922.40263.6873
1.932.41923.7107
1.942.43593.7305
1.952.45273.7462
1.962.46953.7588
1.972.48633.7694
1.982.50313.779
1.992.51993.7885
2.02.53673.7987
2.012.55343.8105
2.022.573.8249
2.032.58663.8433
2.042.60313.8657
2.052.61943.891
2.062.63573.9174
2.072.65173.9433
2.082.66773.9666
2.092.68353.9862
2.12.69914.0013
2.112.71464.0131
2.122.72994.0227
2.132.74524.0312
2.142.76044.0393
2.152.77554.0473
2.162.79054.0557
2.172.80554.0647
2.182.82054.0745
2.192.83544.0852
2.22.85044.0967
2.212.86544.1088
2.222.88034.1215
2.232.89544.1346
2.242.91044.1482
2.252.92554.162
2.262.94074.1762
2.272.9564.1907
2.282.97134.2053
2.292.98674.2202
2.33.00224.2353
2.313.01774.2506
2.323.03334.266
2.333.04894.2814
2.343.06454.2966
2.353.08014.3113
2.363.09584.3251
2.373.11144.3379
2.383.12714.3498
2.393.14274.3609
2.43.15834.3715
2.413.17384.3816
2.423.18944.3914
2.433.20484.401
2.443.22024.4105
2.453.23564.4197
2.463.25094.4289
2.473.2664.438
2.483.28114.447
2.493.29614.4559
2.53.3114.4648
2.513.32574.4736
2.523.34044.4824
2.533.35494.4911
2.543.36934.4998
2.553.38354.5084
2.563.39774.5171
2.573.41174.5257
2.583.42554.5343
2.593.43924.5429
2.63.45284.5515
2.613.46624.5602
2.623.47954.569
2.633.49264.578
2.643.50564.5872
2.653.51854.5966
2.663.53124.6064
2.673.54384.6164
2.683.55634.6268
2.693.56864.6375
2.73.58094.6484
2.713.5934.6595
2.723.60514.6707
2.733.61714.6819
2.743.62914.693
2.753.6414.7041
2.763.65294.7151
2.773.66474.726
2.783.67654.7367
2.793.68834.7471
2.83.74.7573
2.813.71184.7672
2.823.72354.7767
2.833.73534.7859
2.843.74714.7947
2.853.75884.8029
2.863.77064.8108
2.873.78254.8182
2.883.79434.8253
2.893.80624.832
2.93.81814.8386
2.913.834.8449
2.923.8424.8512
2.933.8544.8573
2.943.8664.8635
2.953.87814.8697
2.963.89014.876
2.973.90224.8824
2.983.91434.889
2.993.92654.8958
3.03.93864.9028
3.013.95084.9101
3.023.96294.9176
3.033.97514.9253
3.043.98734.9331
3.053.99954.9412
3.064.01184.9493
3.074.0244.9576
3.084.03624.9661
3.094.04854.9746
3.14.06074.9833
3.114.0734.9921
3.124.08535.001
3.134.09755.0099
3.144.10985.019
3.154.12215.0281
3.164.13445.0373
3.174.14665.0466
3.184.15895.056
3.194.17125.0654
3.24.18355.0749
3.214.19585.0844
3.224.20815.0939
3.234.22045.1033
3.244.23275.1125
3.254.2455.1217
3.264.25745.1306
3.274.26975.1393
3.284.28215.1478
3.294.29445.1561
3.34.30685.1642
3.314.31925.1721
3.324.33165.1799
3.334.34415.1874
3.344.35655.1949
3.354.3695.2022
3.364.38155.2095
3.374.3945.2167
3.384.40655.2238
3.394.4195.2309
3.44.43165.2379
3.414.44415.245
3.424.45675.252
3.434.46935.2589
3.444.48185.2659
3.454.49445.2729
3.464.5075.2798
3.474.51965.2868
3.484.53225.2938
3.494.54485.3008
3.54.55745.3078
3.514.575.3149
3.524.58255.322
3.534.59515.3292
3.544.60775.3365
3.554.62035.3438
3.564.63285.3512
3.574.64545.3586
3.584.6585.3661
3.594.67055.3736
3.64.68315.3812
3.614.69565.3887
3.624.70815.3962
3.634.72075.4036
3.644.73325.4109
3.654.74575.4182
3.664.75825.4253
3.674.77075.4323
3.684.78325.4392
3.694.79575.4459
3.74.80825.4525
3.714.82065.459
3.724.83315.4653
3.734.84555.4715
3.744.85795.4775
3.754.87035.4835
3.764.88275.4893
3.774.89515.495
3.784.90755.5006
3.794.91985.5061
3.84.93225.5115
3.814.94465.5168
3.824.9575.5219
3.834.96945.5269
3.844.98185.5318
3.854.99435.5366
3.865.00695.5413
3.875.01955.5458
3.885.03225.5502
3.895.0455.5545
3.95.05785.5586
3.915.07065.5626
3.925.08355.5665
3.935.09645.5702
3.945.10935.5739
3.955.12215.5775
3.965.13495.581
3.975.14775.5845
3.985.16045.588
3.995.1735.5914
4.05.18565.5948
4.015.1985.5982
4.025.21035.6017
4.035.22255.6051
4.045.23465.6086
4.055.24665.6122
4.065.25845.6158
4.075.275.6194
4.085.28165.6232
4.095.2935.627
4.15.30435.6308
4.115.31555.6348
4.125.32665.6388
4.135.33775.6429
4.145.34885.6471
4.155.35985.6513
4.165.37075.6556
4.175.38175.6598
4.185.39275.6641
4.195.40375.6684
4.25.41465.6727
4.215.42575.6769
4.225.43675.6812
4.235.44785.6854
4.245.4595.6895
4.255.47025.6937
4.265.48155.6978
4.275.49285.7018
4.285.50425.7057
4.295.51555.7096
4.35.52695.7134
4.315.53835.7171
4.325.54975.7207
4.335.56115.7242
4.345.57245.7275
4.355.58385.7308
4.365.59515.7339
4.375.60645.7368
4.385.61765.7396
4.395.62885.7422
4.45.645.7446
4.415.65115.7468
4.425.66215.7489
4.435.67315.7509
4.445.6845.7526
4.455.69485.7543
4.465.70555.7558
4.475.71625.7572
4.485.72685.7585
4.495.73725.7597
4.55.74765.7608
4.515.75795.7619
4.525.76825.7629
4.535.77835.7638
4.545.78845.7647
4.555.79845.7656
4.565.80835.7664
4.575.81815.7673
4.585.82795.7681
4.595.83765.769
4.65.84735.77
4.615.85695.7709
4.625.86645.7719
4.635.87595.773
4.645.88535.7742
4.655.89475.7754
4.665.9045.7768
4.675.91335.7781
4.685.92255.7796
4.695.93175.7811
4.75.94095.7827
4.715.955.7843
4.725.95915.786
4.735.96815.7877
4.745.97715.7895
4.755.98615.7913
4.765.99515.7932
4.776.0045.7951
4.786.01295.7971
4.796.02185.799
4.86.03065.801
4.816.03955.8031
4.826.04835.8052
4.836.05715.8072
4.846.06585.8094
4.856.07465.8115
4.866.08345.8136
4.876.09215.8158
4.886.10085.818
4.896.10955.8202
4.96.11825.8224
4.916.12695.8246
4.926.13565.8268
4.936.14425.829
4.946.15295.8312
4.956.16155.8335
4.966.17015.8357
4.976.17875.8379
4.986.18735.8401
4.996.1965.8424
5.06.20455.8446
5.016.21315.8468
5.026.22175.849
5.036.23035.8512
5.046.23895.8534
5.056.24745.8556
5.066.2565.8578
5.076.26465.86
5.086.27315.8622
5.096.28175.8643
5.16.29025.8665
5.116.29885.8687
5.126.30735.8708
5.136.31595.8729
5.146.32445.875
5.156.33295.8771
5.166.34145.8792
5.176.34995.8813
5.186.35845.8834
5.196.36695.8854
5.26.37545.8874
5.216.38385.8895
5.226.39235.8915
5.236.40075.8934
5.246.40925.8954
5.256.41765.8974
5.266.4265.8993
5.276.43445.9013
5.286.44285.9032
5.296.45125.9051
5.36.45955.907
5.316.46795.9089
5.326.47625.9108
5.336.48455.9126
5.346.49295.9145
5.356.50125.9163
5.366.50955.9182
5.376.51785.92
5.386.5265.9218
5.396.53435.9236
5.46.54265.9254
5.416.55085.9271
5.426.5595.9289
5.436.56735.9306
5.446.57555.9324
5.456.58375.9341
5.466.59195.9358
5.476.65.9375
5.486.60825.9392
5.496.61635.9409
5.56.62455.9425
5.516.63265.9442
5.526.64075.9459
5.536.64885.9475
5.546.65695.9492
5.556.66495.9508
5.566.6735.9525
5.576.6815.9541
5.586.6895.9557
5.596.6975.9574
5.66.7055.959
5.616.7135.9607
5.626.72095.9623
5.636.72885.9639
5.646.73675.9656
5.656.74465.9672
5.666.75255.9689
5.676.76035.9705
5.686.76815.9722
5.696.77595.9738
5.76.78375.9755
5.716.79155.9772
5.726.79925.9789
5.736.80695.9806
5.746.81465.9823
5.756.82235.984
5.766.835.9857
5.776.83765.9874
5.786.84525.9891
5.796.85285.9908
5.86.86045.9925
5.816.8685.9942
5.826.87565.9959
5.836.88315.9975
5.846.89075.9992
5.856.89826.0009
5.866.90586.0025
5.876.91336.0042
5.886.92086.0058
5.896.92836.0074
5.96.93586.009
5.916.94336.0106
5.926.95086.0121
5.936.95826.0137
5.946.96576.0152
5.956.97326.0167
5.966.98076.0182
5.976.98816.0197
5.986.99566.0211
5.997.00316.0225
6.07.01066.0239
6.017.01816.0252
6.027.02566.0265
6.037.03316.0278
6.047.04066.0291
6.057.04816.0303
6.067.05566.0315
6.077.06316.0326
6.087.07066.0338
6.097.07826.0349
6.17.08576.0359
6.117.09336.0369
6.127.10086.0379
6.137.10846.0388
6.147.11596.0397
6.157.12356.0406
6.167.13116.0414
6.177.13876.0422
6.187.14636.043
6.197.15396.0437
6.27.16156.0443
6.217.16916.045
6.227.17676.0455
6.237.18436.0461
6.247.19196.0466
6.257.19956.0471
6.267.20726.0475
6.277.21486.0479
6.287.22256.0483
6.297.23016.0486
6.37.23786.0489
6.317.24546.0492
6.327.25316.0494
6.337.26086.0496
6.347.26846.0498
6.357.27616.05
6.367.28386.0501
6.377.29156.0503
6.387.29926.0504
6.397.30696.0505
6.47.31456.0506
6.417.32226.0507
6.427.32996.0507
6.437.33766.0508
6.447.34526.0508
6.457.35296.0508
6.467.36056.0508
6.477.36826.0509
6.487.37586.0509
6.497.38346.0509
6.57.39116.0509
6.517.39866.0509
6.527.40626.0509
6.537.41386.0509
6.547.42136.0509
6.557.42896.0508
6.567.43646.0508
6.577.44396.0508
6.587.45146.0507
6.597.45886.0507
6.67.46626.0506
6.617.47376.0505
6.627.4816.0504
6.637.48846.0502
6.647.49576.05
6.657.50316.0498
6.667.51036.0495
6.677.51766.0492
6.687.52486.0489
6.697.5326.0485
6.77.53926.0481
6.717.54636.0476
6.727.55346.0471
6.737.56056.0465
6.747.56756.0459
6.757.57456.0452
6.767.58146.0444
6.777.58846.0437
6.787.59536.0428
6.797.60216.0419
6.87.6096.0409
6.817.61576.0399
6.827.62256.0389
6.837.62926.0378
6.847.63596.0366
6.857.64266.0354
6.867.64926.0342
6.877.65576.033
6.887.66236.0317
6.897.66886.0304
6.97.67526.0291
6.917.68166.0278
6.927.6886.0264
6.937.69436.025
6.947.70066.0236
6.957.70696.0222
6.967.7136.0208
6.977.71926.0194
6.987.72536.018
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15.019.84347.5827
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Showing 2,000 of 2451 rows. Download the CSV for all of them.

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence
Method
Transmittance T
—
Reflectance R
—

Fresnel reflection calculator

Direction
Rp
—
Rs
—
R = (Rp+Rs)/2
—
Phase φp
—
Phase φs
—
Brewster angle θB
—
Critical angle θC
—