Optical constants

Refractive index of W (Tungsten)

Ordal et al. 1988: n,k 0.667–200 µm

Data: tabulated nk
Range: 0.667–200 µm
Points: 51
Licence: CC0-1.0

Axis Log x Log y

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Refractive index n: 11.4416
Extinction coefficient k: 49.565

Permittivity ε₁: -2325.78
Permittivity ε₂: 1134.21

Absorption coefficient α: 541611 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk): 36.9269 nm

Abbe number V_d: —
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ: 1.49422 µm⁻¹

Group index n_g: -5.74191
Group velocity dispersion: — fs²/mm

Dispersion parameter D: — ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy: 0.107812 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, n_g = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith

import lightsmith as ls

# W (Tungsten): Ordal et al. 1988: n,k 0.667–200 µm
w = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "W", "Ordal", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(w.range_nm)  # (667, 200000) nm
eps = w.eps([11500])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls

url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_73bc80bf799e/lightsmith"
w = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(w.source)  # citation and provenance travel with the data

Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (w/ordal-1988).

# ... load w as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
    particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=w)],
    medium_index=1.0,
    wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=667, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim)  # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext)     # extinction efficiency at each wavelength

Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).

Materials guide Open a sphere of it in Studio Quick start Ask the community

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

References

M. A. Ordal, R. J. Bell, R. W. Alexander, L. A. Newquist, M. R. Querry. Optical properties of Al, Fe, Ti, Ta, W, and Mo at submillimeter wavelengths. Appl. Opt. 27, 1203-1209 (1988)

doi:10.1364/ao.27.001203 Optical properties of Al, Fe, Ti, Ta, W, and Mo at submillimeter wavelengths, Applied Optics (1988)

Cite

Mark A. Ordal, Robert J. Bell, Ralph W. Alexander, Lawrence A. Newquist and Marvin R. Querry. Optical properties of Al, Fe, Ti, Ta, W, and Mo at submillimeter wavelengths. Applied Optics, 27, 1203 (1988), doi:10.1364/ao.27.001203; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

51 rows as published

CSV comma separated TXT tab separated YAML n, k Full database record original YAML All quantities CSV JSON metadata

W (Tungsten), Ordal et al. 1988: n,k 0.667–200 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)	n	k
0.667	3.8312601	2.9042727
0.714	3.9313491	2.7924078
0.769	3.778336	2.6322954
0.833	3.5190631	2.76706
0.909	3.2814572	3.0100921
1.0	3.0826871	3.4208368
1.05	3.0570934	3.722401
1.11	3.0821649	3.9693342
1.18	3.1599449	4.1791582
1.25	3.1960757	4.3367596
1.33	3.1990778	4.4460869
1.43	3.0278249	4.3901355
1.54	2.2587782	4.7741297
1.67	1.8828191	5.4881071
1.82	1.5455798	6.4453363
2.0	1.2992808	7.5659499
2.11	1.1946455	8.2613235
2.22	1.221203	9.0476312
2.35	1.2886548	9.8569158
2.5	1.4507921	10.710594
2.67	1.6746349	11.554665
2.86	1.8748013	12.375593
3.08	1.91692	13.261664
3.33	1.8505739	14.40046
3.64	1.8774806	15.887186
4.0	1.9949739	17.69477
4.44	2.2388765	19.89851
5.0	2.6672954	22.612178
5.71	3.3712766	26.005432
6.67	4.4961625	30.343034
8.0	6.2868052	36.072044
10.0	9.1935519	44.019189
11.1	10.843912	48.146015
12.5	12.935818	53.112521
14.3	15.634532	59.208636
16.7	19.231714	66.923752
20.0	24.256111	77.087223
22.2	27.599188	83.517367
25.0	31.77255	91.217414
28.6	37.127733	100.62038
33.3	44.209069	112.34062
40.0	54.191208	128.08146
44.4	61.731428	136.67195
50.0	68.665703	146.58093
57.1	76.505227	159.83902
66.7	87.148396	177.92054
80.0	103.53408	202.21197
100.0	130.219	234.03939
125.0	163.02849	265.86909
154.0	196.84283	294.94073
200.0	242.14161	332.81796

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence

Transmittance T: —
Reflectance R: —

Fresnel reflection calculator

R_p: —
R_s: —
R = (R_p+R_s)/2: —
Phase φ_p: —
Phase φ_s: —
Brewster angle θ_B: —
Critical angle θ_C: —

W (Tungsten): all datasets

Experimental data

Models and simulations

About W (Tungsten)

Tungsten, commonly known by its chemical symbol W (derived from its alternative name, wolfram), is a hard, dense metal with a bright silver-gray luster. Known for its high melting point, which is the highest of all the elements at 3,422°C (6,192°F), tungsten is often used in applications that require materials that can withstand extreme temperatures. Historically, it's been a crucial component in the filaments of incandescent light bulbs. Moreover, tungsten and its alloys are utilized in many high-temperature structural materials, particularly in aerospace and electronic industries due to their remarkable strength at elevated temperatures. Tungsten is also used in the production of wear-resistant electrical contacts and as the primary component in certain types of heavy metal alloys. In the realm of optics and photonics, tungsten is often used as a target for X-ray generation.

More about W (Tungsten) →

Provenance

Version: 1 (snapshot c5c2f18)
Source page: refractiveindex.info
Original file: database/data/main/W/nk/Ordal.yml
ID: ds_73bc80bf799e
API: /v1/datasets/ds_73bc80bf799e

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