Optical constants
Refractive index of C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes)
Phillip and Taft 1964: Diamond; n,k 0.0354–10 µm
- Data
- tabulated nk
- Range
- 0.03542–10 µm
- Points
- 176
- Licence
- CC0-1.0
Plot
Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.
At one wavelength
- Refractive index n
- 2.41684
- Extinction coefficient k
- 0
- Permittivity ε1
- 5.8411
- Permittivity ε2
- 0
- Absorption coefficient α
- 0 cm⁻¹
- Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
- — nm
- Abbe number Vd
- —
- Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
- -0.167297 µm⁻¹
- Group index ng
- 2.51514
- Group velocity dispersion
- — fs²/mm
- Dispersion parameter D
- — ps/(nm·km)
- Photon energy
- 2.11001 eV
ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.
Use it in Lightsmith
Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line
pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls
# C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes): Phillip and Taft 1964: Diamond; n,k 0.0354–10 µm
c = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "C", "Phillip", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(c.range_nm) # (35.4241, 10000) nm
eps = c.eps([633]) # complex permittivity
Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.
import json, urllib.request
import lightsmith as ls
url = "https://materials.lightsmith.dev/v1/datasets/ds_398550d1cbde/lightsmith"
c = ls.Tabulated.model_validate(json.load(urllib.request.urlopen(url)))
print(c.source) # citation and provenance travel with the data
Any dataset here, as the library's Tabulated material (c/phillip-taft-1964).
# ... load c as above, then:
sim = ls.Simulation(
particles=[ls.Particle(shape=ls.Sphere(radius_nm=50), material=c)],
medium_index=1.0,
wavelengths=ls.WavelengthRange(start_nm=400, stop_nm=1000, num=81),
)
res = ls.solve(sim) # exact Mie for a sphere
print(res.q_ext) # extinction efficiency at each wavelength
Same spec runs with DDA, FDTD, BEM or T-matrix: ls.compare(sim, ["mie", "dda"]).
Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.
References
- doi:10.1103/physrev.136.a1445 Kramers-Kronig Analysis of Reflectance Data for Diamond, Physical Review (1964)
Cite
H. R. Phillip and E. A. Taft. Kramers-Kronig Analysis of Reflectance Data for Diamond. Physical Review, 136, A1445-A1448 (1964), doi:10.1103/physrev.136.a1445; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)
Data
176 rows as published| λ (µm) | n | k |
|---|---|---|
| 0.035424054 | 0.583214935 | 0.24212943 |
| 0.03562764 | 0.578675864 | 0.249561126 |
| 0.03583358 | 0.573399388 | 0.257440979 |
| 0.036041915 | 0.565914051 | 0.264198246 |
| 0.036252686 | 0.56065836 | 0.270045915 |
| 0.036465937 | 0.556383504 | 0.27768796 |
| 0.036681712 | 0.552290368 | 0.285542731 |
| 0.036900056 | 0.547909942 | 0.293668699 |
| 0.037121014 | 0.542448069 | 0.302415124 |
| 0.037344635 | 0.535836659 | 0.311509109 |
| 0.037570966 | 0.527803041 | 0.321763966 |
| 0.037800057 | 0.52220281 | 0.331345402 |
| 0.038031959 | 0.517433443 | 0.340586799 |
| 0.038266725 | 0.512006701 | 0.350449515 |
| 0.038504406 | 0.507291627 | 0.36001777 |
| 0.038745059 | 0.504662104 | 0.368237477 |
| 0.038988738 | 0.501667259 | 0.378471979 |
| 0.039235502 | 0.499315951 | 0.389943481 |
| 0.03948541 | 0.495016722 | 0.400308699 |
| 0.039738522 | 0.490608844 | 0.410429821 |
| 0.039994899 | 0.488554589 | 0.4230735 |
| 0.040254606 | 0.486780949 | 0.435673378 |
| 0.040517708 | 0.485225764 | 0.448162518 |
| 0.040784272 | 0.484043826 | 0.460710349 |
| 0.041054367 | 0.483594247 | 0.473676024 |
| 0.041328062 | 0.48357126 | 0.486720406 |
| 0.041605432 | 0.484069971 | 0.499586866 |
| 0.04188655 | 0.48538076 | 0.512747971 |
| 0.042171492 | 0.486431227 | 0.526524585 |
| 0.042460338 | 0.486079758 | 0.53937856 |
| 0.042753168 | 0.48596997 | 0.552291328 |
| 0.043050065 | 0.486307294 | 0.565214636 |
| 0.043351114 | 0.488390971 | 0.577969325 |
| 0.043656404 | 0.491085617 | 0.591669742 |
| 0.043966024 | 0.49244456 | 0.604833568 |
| 0.044280067 | 0.492542889 | 0.619235414 |
| 0.044598629 | 0.493509215 | 0.632079382 |
| 0.044921807 | 0.497471099 | 0.643908763 |
| 0.045249703 | 0.501239332 | 0.655951117 |
| 0.045582422 | 0.504654278 | 0.668024655 |
| 0.045920069 | 0.509139186 | 0.680700896 |
| 0.046262757 | 0.51323753 | 0.693286205 |
| 0.046610597 | 0.515837381 | 0.705946318 |
| 0.046963707 | 0.519880731 | 0.717012534 |
| 0.047322209 | 0.524786095 | 0.726768495 |
| 0.047686226 | 0.528347107 | 0.737201916 |
| 0.048055887 | 0.532107442 | 0.748275571 |
| 0.048431323 | 0.536417544 | 0.758742895 |
| 0.048812672 | 0.541485997 | 0.768737331 |
| 0.049200074 | 0.548503562 | 0.776635795 |
| 0.049593675 | 0.554348811 | 0.785993387 |
| 0.049993624 | 0.559252379 | 0.796493706 |
| 0.050400076 | 0.565162195 | 0.805375879 |
| 0.050813192 | 0.568990699 | 0.813481663 |
| 0.051233135 | 0.574419134 | 0.822726772 |
| 0.051660078 | 0.579265088 | 0.828870944 |
| 0.052094196 | 0.582877889 | 0.834135261 |
| 0.052535673 | 0.58646844 | 0.839366565 |
| 0.052984695 | 0.589757469 | 0.843959639 |
| 0.05344146 | 0.59105466 | 0.846131557 |
| 0.053906168 | 0.586551489 | 0.844854218 |
| 0.05437903 | 0.578646602 | 0.843400788 |
| 0.05486026 | 0.568726782 | 0.843472675 |
| 0.055350084 | 0.555182871 | 0.847776516 |
| 0.055848733 | 0.537123766 | 0.857635668 |
| 0.056356449 | 0.510984873 | 0.890414813 |
| 0.05687348 | 0.490474033 | 0.922152795 |
| 0.057400087 | 0.479116914 | 0.955571566 |
| 0.057936536 | 0.458121418 | 1.022892582 |
| 0.058483107 | 0.463451759 | 1.045536003 |
| 0.059040089 | 0.447722513 | 1.080939614 |
| 0.059607782 | 0.455342139 | 1.120069848 |
| 0.060186499 | 0.471425905 | 1.137124612 |
| 0.060776562 | 0.485115832 | 1.158743876 |
| 0.061378311 | 0.493804792 | 1.191118454 |
| 0.061992094 | 0.498265203 | 1.216259928 |
| 0.062618276 | 0.497729072 | 1.240695059 |
| 0.063257238 | 0.506123764 | 1.279598087 |
| 0.063909375 | 0.519125279 | 1.309221546 |
| 0.064575098 | 0.534677112 | 1.331018262 |
| 0.065254835 | 0.550299926 | 1.353443759 |
| 0.065949036 | 0.568628733 | 1.37763879 |
| 0.066658165 | 0.585028763 | 1.405648837 |
| 0.067382711 | 0.602293284 | 1.436633983 |
| 0.06812318 | 0.619096438 | 1.466976619 |
| 0.068880104 | 0.635479931 | 1.496711309 |
| 0.069654038 | 0.655453557 | 1.521137523 |
| 0.070445561 | 0.678052669 | 1.546045091 |
| 0.07125528 | 0.697565216 | 1.576282725 |
| 0.07208383 | 0.716590193 | 1.605973694 |
| 0.072931875 | 0.736236139 | 1.635623322 |
| 0.073800112 | 0.755633875 | 1.664867128 |
| 0.07468927 | 0.769496871 | 1.691299925 |
| 0.075600114 | 0.784445746 | 1.717065848 |
| 0.076533449 | 0.812445672 | 1.74756916 |
| 0.077490117 | 0.839416169 | 1.77821807 |
| 0.078471005 | 0.865252976 | 1.809332118 |
| 0.079477043 | 0.886732909 | 1.837233042 |
| 0.080509213 | 0.906526837 | 1.863298394 |
| 0.081568544 | 0.922355886 | 1.889677322 |
| 0.082656125 | 0.940894946 | 1.919953984 |
| 0.0837731 | 0.970857101 | 1.960885899 |
| 0.084920676 | 0.985909306 | 2.002080707 |
| 0.08610013 | 1.002699549 | 2.052110228 |
| 0.087312808 | 1.02097684 | 2.11064533 |
| 0.088560134 | 1.036238828 | 2.180202034 |
| 0.089843614 | 1.056261169 | 2.256842408 |
| 0.091164844 | 1.08581851 | 2.354062836 |
| 0.092525513 | 1.101946413 | 2.465750575 |
| 0.093927415 | 1.135452604 | 2.607673794 |
| 0.095372452 | 1.212605892 | 2.77670183 |
| 0.096862646 | 1.343443209 | 3.017232118 |
| 0.098400149 | 1.681473227 | 3.372489023 |
| 0.099987248 | 2.081871706 | 3.5109272 |
| 0.101626383 | 2.554375266 | 3.516495841 |
| 0.103320156 | 2.84776234 | 3.220107195 |
| 0.105071345 | 3.056734227 | 2.969836213 |
| 0.10688292 | 3.278336041 | 2.675290114 |
| 0.108758059 | 3.435716492 | 2.397913221 |
| 0.110700167 | 3.507684294 | 2.173927116 |
| 0.112712898 | 3.491003626 | 1.919061312 |
| 0.114800174 | 3.5007246 | 1.749409251 |
| 0.116966215 | 3.499986042 | 1.606892123 |
| 0.119215565 | 3.471874137 | 1.448713231 |
| 0.121553125 | 3.453724543 | 1.344028727 |
| 0.123984187 | 3.421354567 | 1.250026829 |
| 0.126514477 | 3.377252672 | 1.164661156 |
| 0.129150195 | 3.324621093 | 1.070992724 |
| 0.131898072 | 3.291816094 | 1.018073278 |
| 0.134765421 | 3.262684996 | 0.967033288 |
| 0.137760208 | 3.24502588 | 0.914938774 |
| 0.140891122 | 3.231241782 | 0.865721351 |
| 0.14416766 | 3.226110768 | 0.824627606 |
| 0.147600223 | 3.223172207 | 0.789467592 |
| 0.151200229 | 3.234771684 | 0.751250857 |
| 0.154980234 | 3.252177914 | 0.711309486 |
| 0.158954086 | 3.28216011 | 0.665263097 |
| 0.163137089 | 3.324754329 | 0.613833324 |
| 0.167546199 | 3.371081124 | 0.507137009 |
| 0.17220026 | 3.424489172 | 0.385650219 |
| 0.177120268 | 3.283856562 | 0.08839637 |
| 0.182329687 | 3.109669193 | 0.029197479 |
| 0.187854829 | 2.98894561 | 0.020877262 |
| 0.193725293 | 2.922320602 | 0.016664325 |
| 0.199974496 | 2.862916245 | 0.012223934 |
| 0.206640312 | 2.817567588 | 0.007557476 |
| 0.21376584 | 2.77148488 | 0.002904905 |
| 0.221400335 | 2.727705996 | 0.0 |
| 0.229600347 | 2.690741533 | 0.0 |
| 0.23843113 | 2.666955193 | 0.0 |
| 0.247968375 | 2.63873644 | 0.0 |
| 0.25830039 | 2.605956638 | 0.0 |
| 0.269530842 | 2.5817649 | 0.0 |
| 0.281782244 | 2.560884613 | 0.0 |
| 0.295200446 | 2.541324458 | 0.0 |
| 0.309960469 | 2.523632303 | 0.0 |
| 0.326274177 | 2.505813241 | 0.0 |
| 0.344400521 | 2.487866556 | 0.0 |
| 0.364659375 | 2.473323675 | 0.0 |
| 0.387450586 | 2.464986815 | 0.0 |
| 0.413280625 | 2.455051934 | 0.0 |
| 0.442800669 | 2.441251728 | 0.0 |
| 0.476862259 | 2.431478974 | 0.0 |
| 0.516600781 | 2.427076431 | 0.0 |
| 0.563564488 | 2.420857286 | 0.0 |
| 0.619920937 | 2.411429037 | 0.0 |
| 0.688801041 | 2.406543164 | 0.0 |
| 0.774901171 | 2.406202402 | 0.0 |
| 0.885601339 | 2.400035416 | 0.0 |
| 1.033201562 | 2.390522955 | 0.0 |
| 1.239841874 | 2.388124787 | 0.0 |
| 1.549802343 | 2.387783491 | 0.0 |
| 2.066403124 | 2.38324149 | 0.0 |
| 3.099604686 | 2.378520549 | 0.0 |
| 6.199209372 | 2.378175771 | 0.0 |
| 10.0 | 2.377833047 | 0.0 |
Optical transmission calculator
Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence- Transmittance T
- —
- Reflectance R
- —
Fresnel reflection calculator
- Rp
- —
- Rs
- —
- R = (Rp+Rs)/2
- —
- Phase φp
- —
- Phase φs
- —
- Brewster angle θB
- —
- Critical angle θC
- —