Optical constants

Refractive index of C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes)

Song et al. 2018: c-HOPG; n,k(o) 0.193–1.69 µm

Data
tabulated nk
Range
0.193–1.69 µm
Points
1084
Optical axis
o
State
crystalline
Licence
CC0-1.0

Uniaxial crystal, axes: oe

Plot

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Range 0.193–1.69 µm
Refractive index n
2.54741
Extinction coefficient k
1.15628
Permittivity ε1
5.1523
Permittivity ε2
5.89104
Absorption coefficient α
247281 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
80.8795 nm
Abbe number Vd
—
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
0 µm⁻¹
Group index ng
2.54741
Group velocity dispersion
— fs²/mm
Dispersion parameter D
— ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy
2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls

# C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes): Song et al. 2018: c-HOPG; n,k(o) 0.193–1.69 µm
c = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "C", "Song-cHOPG-o", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(c.range_nm)  # (193, 1690) nm
eps = c.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Bulk. c-plane (c-HOPG). Ordinary ray (o).

Conditions

direction
o

References

B. Song, H. Gu, S. Zhu, H. Jiang, X. Chen, C. Zhang, S. Liu. Broadband optical properties of graphene and HOPG investigated by spectroscopic Mueller matrix ellipsometry. Appl. Surf. Sci 439, 1079-1087 (2018) (Numerical data kindly provided by Baokun Song)
  • doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.051 Broadband optical properties of graphene and HOPG investigated by spectroscopic Mueller matrix ellipsometry, Applied Surface Science (2018)

Cite

Baokun Song et al.. Broadband optical properties of graphene and HOPG investigated by spectroscopic Mueller matrix ellipsometry. Applied Surface Science, 439, 1079-1087 (2018), doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.051; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

1084 rows as published
C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes), Song et al. 2018: c-HOPG; n,k(o) 0.193–1.69 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)nk
0.1930.6253181.172111
0.1940.623061.218438
0.1950.6224191.263209
0.1960.6231881.306551
0.1970.6252021.34858
0.1980.6283251.389411
0.1990.6324471.429149
0.20.6374781.467888
0.2010.6433451.505717
0.2020.6499881.542717
0.2030.6573591.57896
0.2040.6654191.614512
0.2050.6741361.649435
0.2060.6834851.683783
0.2070.6934481.717606
0.2080.704011.750948
0.2090.7151621.783852
0.210.7268971.816354
0.2110.7392121.848489
0.2120.7521091.880285
0.2130.7655891.911771
0.2140.7796591.942971
0.2150.7943261.973907
0.2160.8096022.004598
0.2170.8254982.035059
0.2180.842032.065304
0.2190.8592122.095345
0.220.8770642.125191
0.2210.8956062.154846
0.2220.9148582.184315
0.2230.9348462.213598
0.2240.9555922.242692
0.2250.9771252.271593
0.2260.9994712.300292
0.2271.0226592.328776
0.2281.046722.357031
0.2291.0716852.385037
0.231.0975852.412772
0.2311.1244542.440207
0.2321.1523232.467313
0.2331.1812262.49405
0.2341.2111952.520379
0.2351.2422622.546251
0.2361.2744582.571615
0.2371.307812.596413
0.2381.3423462.620579
0.2391.3780882.644044
0.241.4150562.66673
0.2411.4532642.688554
0.2421.4927212.709426
0.2431.5334292.729251
0.2441.5753832.747928
0.2451.6185682.765348
0.2461.662962.781401
0.2471.7085242.795971
0.2481.7552092.808939
0.2491.8029572.820186
0.251.851692.829592
0.2511.9013182.837039
0.2521.9517352.842413
0.2532.0028172.845606
0.2542.0544292.846519
0.2552.1064152.845062
0.2562.1586082.841163
0.2572.2108292.834761
0.2582.2628862.825816
0.2592.3145782.814309
0.262.36572.800241
0.2612.4160442.783639
0.2622.4654012.764551
0.2632.5135682.743051
0.2642.560352.719236
0.2652.6055622.693226
0.2662.6490342.665161
0.2672.6906142.6352
0.2682.7301692.603514
0.2692.7675892.570291
0.272.8027862.535725
0.2712.8356952.500014
0.2722.8662742.463361
0.2732.8945062.425965
0.2742.9203922.388021
0.2752.9439572.349718
0.2762.965242.311234
0.2772.9842992.272736
0.2783.0012052.23438
0.2793.016042.196307
0.283.0288952.158643
0.2813.0398682.121503
0.2823.0490632.084984
0.2833.0565862.049171
0.2843.0625442.014137
0.2853.0670461.979941
0.2863.0701971.94663
0.2873.0721021.914241
0.2883.0728621.882803
0.2893.0725751.852334
0.293.0713321.822845
0.2913.0692231.794341
0.2923.0663311.766819
0.2933.0627351.740273
0.2943.0585091.714692
0.2953.0537211.69006
0.2963.0484361.666361
0.2973.0427131.643574
0.2983.0366061.621676
0.2993.0301661.600643
0.33.023441.580451
0.3013.0164691.561073
0.3023.0092931.542484
0.3033.0019481.524656
0.3042.9944651.507563
0.3052.9868751.491178
0.3062.9792021.475474
0.3072.9714731.460426
0.3082.9637071.446008
0.3092.9559261.432196
0.312.9481451.418963
0.3112.9403821.406288
0.3122.9326511.394147
0.3132.9249621.382517
0.3142.9173291.371377
0.3152.909761.360707
0.3162.9022641.350485
0.3172.894851.340694
0.3182.8875221.331314
0.3192.8802881.322327
0.322.8731531.313717
0.3212.8661191.305466
0.3222.8591921.29756
0.3232.8523741.289983
0.3242.8456661.282721
0.3252.8390731.275759
0.3262.8325941.269086
0.3272.8262311.262687
0.3282.8199841.256552
0.3292.8138551.250668
0.332.8078431.245025
0.3312.8019481.239611
0.3322.796171.234418
0.3332.7905091.229435
0.3342.7849621.224653
0.3352.7795311.220063
0.3362.7742131.215658
0.3372.7690071.211428
0.3382.7639131.207367
0.3392.7589291.203467
0.342.7540531.199722
0.3412.7492841.196124
0.3422.744621.192667
0.3432.740061.189346
0.3442.7356021.186154
0.3452.7312441.183086
0.3462.7269851.180136
0.3472.7228231.177301
0.3482.7187561.174574
0.3492.7147831.171952
0.352.7109011.169429
0.3512.7071091.167002
0.3522.7034051.164667
0.3532.6997871.162421
0.3542.6962541.160258
0.3552.6928031.158176
0.3562.6894331.156172
0.3572.6861431.154242
0.3582.682931.152384
0.3592.6797941.150594
0.362.6767311.14887
0.3612.6737421.147208
0.3622.6708231.145608
0.3632.6679741.144065
0.3642.6651921.142578
0.3652.6624771.141145
0.3662.6598271.139763
0.3672.657241.138431
0.3682.6547151.137146
0.3692.652251.135907
0.372.6498441.134711
0.3712.6474961.133558
0.3722.6452041.132446
0.3732.6429671.131372
0.3742.6407841.130337
0.3752.6386521.129337
0.3762.6365721.128372
0.3772.6345421.127441
0.3782.6325611.126542
0.3792.6306271.125674
0.382.6287391.124836
0.3812.6268971.124027
0.3822.6250981.123246
0.3832.6233431.122492
0.3842.621631.121763
0.3852.6199581.12106
0.3862.6183251.120381
0.3872.6167321.119725
0.3882.6151771.119091
0.3892.6136581.118479
0.392.6121761.117889
0.3912.6107291.117318
0.3922.6093171.116768
0.3932.6079381.116236
0.3942.6065921.115722
0.3952.6052781.115227
0.3962.6039951.114749
0.3972.6027421.114287
0.3982.6015191.113841
0.3992.6003241.113412
0.42.5991581.112997
0.4012.5980191.112597
0.4022.5969071.112212
0.4032.5958211.11184
0.4042.5947611.111483
0.4052.5937251.111138
0.4062.5927141.110806
0.4072.5917261.110486
0.4082.5907611.110178
0.4092.5898181.109883
0.412.5888981.109599
0.4112.5879991.109325
0.4122.587121.109063
0.4132.5862621.108812
0.4142.5854231.108571
0.4152.5846041.10834
0.4162.5838031.108119
0.4172.5830211.107907
0.4182.5822571.107705
0.4192.581511.107513
0.422.580781.107329
0.4212.5800661.107154
0.4222.5793691.106988
0.4232.5786871.106831
0.4242.5780211.106682
0.4252.5773691.106541
0.4262.5767331.106408
0.4272.576111.106283
0.4282.5755011.106166
0.4292.5749061.106056
0.432.5743241.105954
0.4312.5737551.105859
0.4322.5731981.105772
0.4332.5726541.105692
0.4342.5721211.105618
0.4352.57161.105552
0.4362.571091.105493
0.4372.5705921.10544
0.4382.5701041.105394
0.4392.5696271.105355
0.442.569161.105322
0.4412.5687031.105295
0.4422.5682551.105275
0.4432.5678171.105262
0.4442.5673891.105254
0.4452.5669691.105253
0.4462.5665591.105257
0.4472.5661561.105268
0.4482.5657631.105285
0.4492.5653771.105307
0.452.5651.105336
0.4512.564631.10537
0.4522.5642681.10541
0.4532.5639131.105456
0.4542.5635651.105507
0.4552.5632251.105564
0.4562.5628911.105627
0.4572.5625651.105695
0.4582.5622441.105769
0.4592.561931.105849
0.462.5616231.105933
0.4612.5613211.106024
0.4622.5610261.106119
0.4632.5607361.10622
0.4642.5604521.106327
0.4652.5601731.106438
0.4662.55991.106555
0.4672.5596321.106677
0.4682.559371.106805
0.4692.5591121.106938
0.472.558861.107075
0.4712.5586121.107218
0.4722.5583681.107367
0.4732.558131.10752
0.4742.5578961.107678
0.4752.5576661.107842
0.4762.5574411.108011
0.4772.557221.108184
0.4782.5570031.108363
0.4792.5567891.108547
0.482.556581.108736
0.4812.5563751.10893
0.4822.5561731.109128
0.4832.5559751.109332
0.4842.5557811.109541
0.4852.555591.109755
0.4862.5554031.109973
0.4872.5552191.110197
0.4882.5550381.110425
0.4892.5548611.110659
0.492.5546871.110897
0.4912.5545161.11114
0.4922.5543481.111389
0.4932.5541821.111642
0.4942.554021.111899
0.4952.5538611.112162
0.4962.5537041.112429
0.4972.553551.112702
0.4982.5533991.112979
0.4992.5532511.113261
0.52.5531051.113548
0.5012.5529621.113839
0.5022.5528211.114136
0.5032.5526821.114437
0.5042.5525471.114743
0.5052.5524131.115054
0.5062.5522821.115369
0.5072.5521531.115689
0.5082.5520261.116014
0.5092.5519021.116344
0.512.551781.116678
0.5112.551661.117017
0.5122.5515421.117361
0.5132.5514261.117709
0.5142.5513121.118062
0.5152.55121.11842
0.5162.551091.118783
0.5172.5509821.11915
0.5182.5508771.119521
0.5192.5507731.119898
0.522.5506711.120279
0.5212.550571.120665
0.5222.5504721.121055
0.5232.5503751.12145
0.5242.5502811.12185
0.5252.5501881.122254
0.5262.5500971.122662
0.5272.5500071.123076
0.5282.5499191.123493
0.5292.5498331.123916
0.532.5497491.124343
0.5312.5496661.124774
0.5322.5495851.12521
0.5332.5495051.125651
0.5342.5494281.126096
0.5352.5493511.126546
0.5362.5492771.127
0.5372.5492041.127458
0.5382.5491321.127921
0.5392.5490621.128389
0.542.5489941.128861
0.5412.5489271.129337
0.5422.5488621.129818
0.5432.5487981.130303
0.5442.5487351.130793
0.5452.5486751.131287
0.5462.5486151.131786
0.5472.5485571.132289
0.5482.5485011.132796
0.5492.5484461.133308
0.552.5483931.133824
0.5512.5483411.134344
0.5522.548291.134869
0.5532.5482411.135398
0.5542.5481931.135931
0.5552.5481471.136469
0.5562.5481021.137011
0.5572.5480591.137557
0.5582.5480161.138107
0.5592.5479761.138662
0.562.5479371.139221
0.5612.5478991.139784
0.5622.5478621.140352
0.5632.5478271.140923
0.5642.5477941.141499
0.5652.5477621.142079
0.5662.5477311.142664
0.5672.5477011.143252
0.5682.5476731.143845
0.5692.5476471.144441
0.572.5476221.145042
0.5712.5475981.145647
0.5722.5475751.146256
0.5732.5475541.146869
0.5742.5475351.147487
0.5752.5475171.148108
0.5762.54751.148733
0.5772.5474841.149363
0.5782.547471.149996
0.5792.5474581.150634
0.582.5474461.151275
0.5812.5474361.151921
0.5822.5474281.15257
0.5832.5474211.153224
0.5842.5474151.153881
0.5852.5474111.154542
0.5862.5474091.155208
0.5872.5474071.155877
0.5882.5474071.15655
0.5892.5474091.157227
0.592.5474111.157908
0.5912.5474161.158592
0.5922.5474221.159281
0.5932.5474291.159973
0.5942.5474371.16067
0.5952.5474471.16137
0.5962.5474591.162073
0.5972.5474721.162781
0.5982.5474861.163492
0.5992.5475021.164208
0.62.5475191.164926
0.6012.5475381.165649
0.6022.5475591.166375
0.6032.547581.167105
0.6042.5476031.167839
0.6052.5476281.168576
0.6062.5476541.169317
0.6072.5476821.170062
0.6082.5477111.17081
0.6092.5477411.171562
0.612.5477731.172317
0.6112.5478071.173077
0.6122.5478421.173839
0.6132.5478791.174605
0.6142.5479171.175375
0.6152.5479561.176148
0.6162.5479981.176925
0.6172.548041.177705
0.6182.5480841.178489
0.6192.548131.179276
0.622.5481781.180067
0.6212.5482271.180861
0.6222.5482771.181658
0.6232.5483291.182459
0.6242.5483821.183263
0.6252.5484371.184071
0.6262.5484941.184882
0.6272.5485521.185696
0.6282.5486121.186514
0.6292.5486731.187335
0.632.5487361.188159
0.6312.5488011.188987
0.6322.5488671.189818
0.6332.5489351.190652
0.6342.5490041.191489
0.6352.5490751.19233
0.6362.5491481.193174
0.6372.5492221.194021
0.6382.5492981.194871
0.6392.5493751.195724
0.642.5494541.196581
0.6412.5495351.197441
0.6422.5496171.198303
0.6432.5497011.199169
0.6442.5497871.200038
0.6452.5498741.20091
0.6462.5499631.201785
0.6472.5500541.202663
0.6482.5501461.203545
0.6492.550241.204429
0.652.5503361.205316
0.6512.5504331.206206
0.6522.5505321.207099
0.6532.5506321.207996
0.6542.5507351.208895
0.6552.5508391.209797
0.6562.5509451.210701
0.6572.5510521.211609
0.6582.5511621.21252
0.6592.5512721.213434
0.662.5513851.21435
0.6612.5514991.215269
0.6622.5516151.216191
0.6632.5517331.217116
0.6642.5518531.218044
0.6652.5519741.218974
0.6662.5520971.219907
0.6672.5522221.220843
0.6682.5523481.221782
0.6692.5524761.222723
0.672.5526061.223667
0.6712.5527381.224614
0.6722.5528721.225564
0.6732.5530071.226516
0.6742.5531441.22747
0.6752.5532831.228428
0.6762.5534231.229388
0.6772.5535661.23035
0.6782.553711.231315
0.6792.5538561.232283
0.682.5540041.233253
0.6812.5541531.234226
0.6822.5543051.235201
0.6832.5544581.236179
0.6842.5546131.23716
0.6852.5547691.238142
0.6862.5549281.239128
0.6872.5550881.240115
0.6882.555251.241106
0.6892.5554141.242098
0.692.555581.243093
0.6912.5557481.24409
0.6922.5559171.24509
0.6932.5560881.246092
0.6942.5562621.247097
0.6952.5564371.248103
0.6962.5566131.249113
0.6972.5567921.250124
0.6982.5569721.251138
0.6992.5571541.252154
0.72.5573391.253172
0.7012.5575251.254192
0.7022.5577121.255215
0.7032.5579021.25624
0.7042.5580941.257267
0.7052.5582871.258296
0.7062.5584821.259328
0.7072.5586791.260361
0.7082.5588781.261397
0.7092.5590791.262435
0.712.5592821.263475
0.7112.5594861.264517
0.7122.5596931.265562
0.7132.5599011.266608
0.7142.5601111.267656
0.7152.5603231.268707
0.7162.5605371.269759
0.7172.5607531.270814
0.7182.5609711.27187
0.7192.561191.272928
0.722.5614121.273989
0.7212.5616351.275051
0.7222.561861.276116
0.7232.5620871.277182
0.7242.5623161.27825
0.7252.5625471.27932
0.7262.562781.280393
0.7272.5630141.281466
0.7282.5632511.282542
0.7292.5634891.28362
0.732.563731.284699
0.7312.5639721.285781
0.7322.5642161.286864
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0.832.5973121.399835
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0.8342.5990411.404655
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0.9312.6493321.523568
0.9322.6499281.524802
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0.9412.6553651.535911
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0.9442.6572041.539613
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0.9462.6584371.54208
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0.952.660921.547014
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0.9532.6627971.550713
0.9542.6634261.551945
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0.9592.666591.558107
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0.9612.6678651.56057
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0.9712.6743251.572877
0.9722.6749781.574107
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0.9992.6931161.607211
1.02.6938061.608433
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1.022.7078561.632803
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1.062.7373411.681059
1.06252.7392411.684051
1.0652.7411481.68704
1.06752.7430611.690025
1.072.744981.693008
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1.292.9336181.940806
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1.32.9429011.951319
1.30252.9452291.953938
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1.312.952231.961766
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1.3152.9569111.966965
1.31752.9592551.969558
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1.32252.9639521.974731
1.3252.9663041.977311
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1.332.9710161.98246
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1.342.980471.992707
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1.352.9899632.002887
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1.362.9994932.013002
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1.36753.0066652.020544
1.373.0090592.02305
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1.513.1460532.157019
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1.683.3174192.304085
1.68253.3199642.306131
1.6853.3225092.308173
1.68753.3250552.310213
1.693.3276022.312249

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence
Method
Transmittance T
—
Reflectance R
—

Fresnel reflection calculator

Direction
Rp
—
Rs
—
R = (Rp+Rs)/2
—
Phase φp
—
Phase φs
—
Brewster angle θB
—
Critical angle θC
—