Optical constants

Refractive index of C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes)

Song et al. 2018: s-HOPG; n(e) 0.193–1.69 µm

Data
tabulated n
Range
0.193–1.69 µm
Points
1084
Optical axis
e
Licence
CC0-1.0

Uniaxial crystal, axes: oe

Plot

Click the plot to set the calculator wavelength.

At one wavelength

Range 0.193–1.69 µm
Refractive index n
1.32834
Extinction coefficient k
0
Permittivity ε1
1.76449
Permittivity ε2
0
Absorption coefficient α
0 cm⁻¹
Penetration depth δ = λ/(2πk)
— nm
Abbe number Vd
—
Chromatic dispersion dn/dλ
0.006 µm⁻¹
Group index ng
1.32481
Group velocity dispersion
— fs²/mm
Dispersion parameter D
— ps/(nm·km)
Photon energy
2.11001 eV

ε = (n + ik)², α = 4πk/λ, ng = n − λ dn/dλ, GVD = λ³/(2πc²) d²n/dλ², D = −(λ/c) d²n/dλ². Group-velocity dispersion is given for formula data only.

Use it in Lightsmith

Load this data in Python, simulate in one more line

pip install lightsmith
import lightsmith as ls

# C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes): Song et al. 2018: s-HOPG; n(e) 0.193–1.69 µm
c = ls.fetch_refractiveindex("main", "C", "Song-sHOPG-e", ref="c5c2f188e848453def5970e347399d653df2ffc2")
print(c.range_nm)  # (193, 1690) nm
eps = c.eps([633])  # complex permittivity

Downloads the original record once (pinned to the imported snapshot) and caches it.

Lightsmith is open source (MIT): Mie, T-matrix, BEM, DDA, FDTD, RCWA, TMM, mode solvers and inverse design behind one spec, on CPU or GPU. GitHub.

Comments and conditions

Highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Bulk. s-plane (s-HOPG). Extraordinary ray (e).

Conditions

direction
e

References

B. Song, H. Gu, S. Zhu, H. Jiang, X. Chen, C. Zhang, S. Liu. Broadband optical properties of graphene and HOPG investigated by spectroscopic Mueller matrix ellipsometry. Appl. Surf. Sci 439, 1079-1087 (2018) (Numerical data kindly provided by Baokun Song)
  • doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.051 Broadband optical properties of graphene and HOPG investigated by spectroscopic Mueller matrix ellipsometry, Applied Surface Science (2018)

Cite

Baokun Song et al.. Broadband optical properties of graphene and HOPG investigated by spectroscopic Mueller matrix ellipsometry. Applied Surface Science, 439, 1079-1087 (2018), doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.01.051; Data from the refractiveindex.info database (M. N. Polyanskiy, Sci. Data 11, 94 (2024), doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02898-2)

Data

1084 rows as published
C (Carbon, diamond, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes), Song et al. 2018: s-HOPG; n(e) 0.193–1.69 µm: n and k versus wavelength
λ (µm)n
0.1932.202955
0.1942.182744
0.1952.163073
0.1962.143927
0.1972.125288
0.1982.107142
0.1992.089473
0.22.072267
0.2012.055509
0.2022.039186
0.2032.023285
0.2042.007793
0.2051.992698
0.2061.977988
0.2071.963652
0.2081.949679
0.2091.936058
0.211.922779
0.2111.909831
0.2121.897206
0.2131.884894
0.2141.872887
0.2151.861174
0.2161.849748
0.2171.838602
0.2181.827726
0.2191.817114
0.221.806758
0.2211.79665
0.2221.786785
0.2231.777155
0.2241.767754
0.2251.758575
0.2261.749613
0.2271.740861
0.2281.732315
0.2291.723968
0.231.715815
0.2311.707851
0.2321.70007
0.2331.692469
0.2341.685042
0.2351.677785
0.2361.670693
0.2371.663761
0.2381.656987
0.2391.650365
0.241.643892
0.2411.637564
0.2421.631377
0.2431.625327
0.2441.619412
0.2451.613627
0.2461.60797
0.2471.602437
0.2481.597025
0.2491.591731
0.251.586552
0.2511.581485
0.2521.576528
0.2531.571678
0.2541.566932
0.2551.562287
0.2561.557742
0.2571.553294
0.2581.548939
0.2591.544677
0.261.540506
0.2611.536421
0.2621.532423
0.2631.528508
0.2641.524674
0.2651.520921
0.2661.517245
0.2671.513646
0.2681.51012
0.2691.506667
0.271.503285
0.2711.499972
0.2721.496727
0.2731.493548
0.2741.490433
0.2751.487382
0.2761.484392
0.2771.481462
0.2781.478591
0.2791.475778
0.281.473021
0.2811.470319
0.2821.467671
0.2831.465075
0.2841.46253
0.2851.460036
0.2861.457591
0.2871.455194
0.2881.452844
0.2891.45054
0.291.448281
0.2911.446066
0.2921.443894
0.2931.441764
0.2941.439676
0.2951.437627
0.2961.435619
0.2971.433648
0.2981.431716
0.2991.42982
0.31.427961
0.3011.426137
0.3021.424347
0.3031.422592
0.3041.42087
0.3051.419181
0.3061.417523
0.3071.415896
0.3081.4143
0.3091.412735
0.311.411198
0.3111.40969
0.3121.40821
0.3131.406758
0.3141.405332
0.3151.403933
0.3161.40256
0.3171.401213
0.3181.39989
0.3191.398592
0.321.397317
0.3211.396066
0.3221.394837
0.3231.393632
0.3241.392448
0.3251.391286
0.3261.390145
0.3271.389024
0.3281.387925
0.3291.386845
0.331.385784
0.3311.384743
0.3321.38372
0.3331.382716
0.3341.38173
0.3351.380761
0.3361.37981
0.3371.378876
0.3381.377959
0.3391.377058
0.341.376173
0.3411.375304
0.3421.374451
0.3431.373612
0.3441.372789
0.3451.37198
0.3461.371185
0.3471.370405
0.3481.369638
0.3491.368885
0.351.368145
0.3511.367418
0.3521.366704
0.3531.366002
0.3541.365313
0.3551.364636
0.3561.363971
0.3571.363317
0.3581.362675
0.3591.362044
0.361.361424
0.3611.360815
0.3621.360216
0.3631.359628
0.3641.35905
0.3651.358482
0.3661.357925
0.3671.357376
0.3681.356838
0.3691.356308
0.371.355788
0.3711.355277
0.3721.354774
0.3731.354281
0.3741.353796
0.3751.353319
0.3761.352851
0.3771.35239
0.3781.351938
0.3791.351493
0.381.351056
0.3811.350627
0.3821.350205
0.3831.34979
0.3841.349383
0.3851.348982
0.3861.348588
0.3871.348202
0.3881.347821
0.3891.347448
0.391.347081
0.3911.34672
0.3921.346365
0.3931.346017
0.3941.345674
0.3951.345337
0.3961.345006
0.3971.344681
0.3981.344362
0.3991.344048
0.41.343739
0.4011.343436
0.4021.343138
0.4031.342845
0.4041.342557
0.4051.342274
0.4061.341996
0.4071.341723
0.4081.341454
0.4091.34119
0.411.340931
0.4111.340676
0.4121.340426
0.4131.34018
0.4141.339938
0.4151.339701
0.4161.339467
0.4171.339238
0.4181.339013
0.4191.338791
0.421.338574
0.4211.33836
0.4221.33815
0.4231.337943
0.4241.337741
0.4251.337542
0.4261.337346
0.4271.337154
0.4281.336965
0.4291.336779
0.431.336597
0.4311.336418
0.4321.336242
0.4331.336069
0.4341.3359
0.4351.335733
0.4361.335569
0.4371.335408
0.4381.335251
0.4391.335096
0.441.334943
0.4411.334794
0.4421.334647
0.4431.334503
0.4441.334361
0.4451.334222
0.4461.334085
0.4471.333951
0.4481.33382
0.4491.333691
0.451.333564
0.4511.333439
0.4521.333317
0.4531.333197
0.4541.33308
0.4551.332964
0.4561.332851
0.4571.33274
0.4581.332631
0.4591.332523
0.461.332418
0.4611.332315
0.4621.332214
0.4631.332115
0.4641.332018
0.4651.331922
0.4661.331828
0.4671.331737
0.4681.331647
0.4691.331558
0.471.331472
0.4711.331387
0.4721.331304
0.4731.331222
0.4741.331142
0.4751.331064
0.4761.330987
0.4771.330912
0.4781.330838
0.4791.330766
0.481.330696
0.4811.330626
0.4821.330558
0.4831.330492
0.4841.330427
0.4851.330363
0.4861.330301
0.4871.33024
0.4881.33018
0.4891.330122
0.491.330065
0.4911.330009
0.4921.329954
0.4931.329901
0.4941.329848
0.4951.329797
0.4961.329747
0.4971.329698
0.4981.32965
0.4991.329604
0.51.329558
0.5011.329514
0.5021.32947
0.5031.329428
0.5041.329386
0.5051.329346
0.5061.329307
0.5071.329268
0.5081.329231
0.5091.329194
0.511.329158
0.5111.329124
0.5121.32909
0.5131.329057
0.5141.329025
0.5151.328994
0.5161.328963
0.5171.328934
0.5181.328905
0.5191.328877
0.521.32885
0.5211.328824
0.5221.328798
0.5231.328773
0.5241.328749
0.5251.328726
0.5261.328703
0.5271.328681
0.5281.32866
0.5291.32864
0.531.32862
0.5311.328601
0.5321.328582
0.5331.328564
0.5341.328547
0.5351.32853
0.5361.328515
0.5371.328499
0.5381.328484
0.5391.32847
0.541.328457
0.5411.328444
0.5421.328431
0.5431.328419
0.5441.328408
0.5451.328397
0.5461.328387
0.5471.328377
0.5481.328368
0.5491.328359
0.551.328351
0.5511.328343
0.5521.328336
0.5531.328329
0.5541.328323
0.5551.328317
0.5561.328312
0.5571.328307
0.5581.328303
0.5591.328298
0.561.328295
0.5611.328292
0.5621.328289
0.5631.328286
0.5641.328285
0.5651.328283
0.5661.328282
0.5671.328281
0.5681.32828
0.5691.32828
0.571.328281
0.5711.328281
0.5721.328282
0.5731.328284
0.5741.328285
0.5751.328287
0.5761.32829
0.5771.328292
0.5781.328295
0.5791.328299
0.581.328302
0.5811.328306
0.5821.328311
0.5831.328315
0.5841.32832
0.5851.328325
0.5861.328331
0.5871.328336
0.5881.328342
0.5891.328348
0.591.328355
0.5911.328362
0.5921.328369
0.5931.328376
0.5941.328383
0.5951.328391
0.5961.328399
0.5971.328407
0.5981.328416
0.5991.328425
0.61.328433
0.6011.328443
0.6021.328452
0.6031.328461
0.6041.328471
0.6051.328481
0.6061.328491
0.6071.328502
0.6081.328512
0.6091.328523
0.611.328534
0.6111.328545
0.6121.328557
0.6131.328568
0.6141.32858
0.6151.328592
0.6161.328604
0.6171.328616
0.6181.328628
0.6191.328641
0.621.328653
0.6211.328666
0.6221.328679
0.6231.328692
0.6241.328706
0.6251.328719
0.6261.328733
0.6271.328746
0.6281.32876
0.6291.328774
0.631.328788
0.6311.328803
0.6321.328817
0.6331.328832
0.6341.328846
0.6351.328861
0.6361.328876
0.6371.328891
0.6381.328906
0.6391.328921
0.641.328937
0.6411.328952
0.6421.328968
0.6431.328983
0.6441.328999
0.6451.329015
0.6461.329031
0.6471.329047
0.6481.329063
0.6491.329079
0.651.329095
0.6511.329112
0.6521.329128
0.6531.329145
0.6541.329162
0.6551.329178
0.6561.329195
0.6571.329212
0.6581.329229
0.6591.329246
0.661.329263
0.6611.329281
0.6621.329298
0.6631.329315
0.6641.329333
0.6651.32935
0.6661.329368
0.6671.329385
0.6681.329403
0.6691.329421
0.671.329438
0.6711.329456
0.6721.329474
0.6731.329492
0.6741.32951
0.6751.329528
0.6761.329546
0.6771.329565
0.6781.329583
0.6791.329601
0.681.329619
0.6811.329638
0.6821.329656
0.6831.329674
0.6841.329693
0.6851.329711
0.6861.32973
0.6871.329749
0.6881.329767
0.6891.329786
0.691.329805
0.6911.329823
0.6921.329842
0.6931.329861
0.6941.32988
0.6951.329899
0.6961.329918
0.6971.329936
0.6981.329955
0.6991.329974
0.71.329993
0.7011.330012
0.7021.330031
0.7031.33005
0.7041.33007
0.7051.330089
0.7061.330108
0.7071.330127
0.7081.330146
0.7091.330165
0.711.330184
0.7111.330204
0.7121.330223
0.7131.330242
0.7141.330261
0.7151.330281
0.7161.3303
0.7171.330319
0.7181.330338
0.7191.330358
0.721.330377
0.7211.330396
0.7221.330416
0.7231.330435
0.7241.330454
0.7251.330474
0.7261.330493
0.7271.330513
0.7281.330532
0.7291.330551
0.731.330571
0.7311.33059
0.7321.330609
0.7331.330629
0.7341.330648
0.7351.330667
0.7361.330687
0.7371.330706
0.7381.330726
0.7391.330745
0.741.330764
0.7411.330784
0.7421.330803
0.7431.330822
0.7441.330842
0.7451.330861
0.7461.330881
0.7471.3309
0.7481.330919
0.7491.330938
0.751.330958
0.7511.330977
0.7521.330996
0.7531.331016
0.7541.331035
0.7551.331054
0.7561.331074
0.7571.331093
0.7581.331112
0.7591.331131
0.761.331151
0.7611.33117
0.7621.331189
0.7631.331208
0.7641.331227
0.7651.331246
0.7661.331266
0.7671.331285
0.7681.331304
0.7691.331323
0.771.331342
0.7711.331361
0.7721.33138
0.7731.331399
0.7741.331418
0.7751.331437
0.7761.331456
0.7771.331475
0.7781.331494
0.7791.331513
0.781.331532
0.7811.331551
0.7821.33157
0.7831.331589
0.7841.331608
0.7851.331627
0.7861.331645
0.7871.331664
0.7881.331683
0.7891.331702
0.791.33172
0.7911.331739
0.7921.331758
0.7931.331777
0.7941.331795
0.7951.331814
0.7961.331833
0.7971.331851
0.7981.33187
0.7991.331888
0.81.331907
0.8011.331925
0.8021.331944
0.8031.331962
0.8041.331981
0.8051.331999
0.8061.332018
0.8071.332036
0.8081.332054
0.8091.332073
0.811.332091
0.8111.332109
0.8121.332127
0.8131.332146
0.8141.332164
0.8151.332182
0.8161.3322
0.8171.332218
0.8181.332236
0.8191.332255
0.821.332273
0.8211.332291
0.8221.332309
0.8231.332327
0.8241.332345
0.8251.332363
0.8261.33238
0.8271.332398
0.8281.332416
0.8291.332434
0.831.332452
0.8311.33247
0.8321.332487
0.8331.332505
0.8341.332523
0.8351.33254
0.8361.332558
0.8371.332576
0.8381.332593
0.8391.332611
0.841.332628
0.8411.332646
0.8421.332663
0.8431.332681
0.8441.332698
0.8451.332716
0.8461.332733
0.8471.33275
0.8481.332768
0.8491.332785
0.851.332802
0.8511.332819
0.8521.332837
0.8531.332854
0.8541.332871
0.8551.332888
0.8561.332905
0.8571.332922
0.8581.332939
0.8591.332956
0.861.332973
0.8611.33299
0.8621.333007
0.8631.333024
0.8641.333041
0.8651.333058
0.8661.333074
0.8671.333091
0.8681.333108
0.8691.333125
0.871.333141
0.8711.333158
0.8721.333175
0.8731.333191
0.8741.333208
0.8751.333224
0.8761.333241
0.8771.333257
0.8781.333274
0.8791.33329
0.881.333307
0.8811.333323
0.8821.333339
0.8831.333356
0.8841.333372
0.8851.333388
0.8861.333404
0.8871.333421
0.8881.333437
0.8891.333453
0.891.333469
0.8911.333485
0.8921.333501
0.8931.333517
0.8941.333533
0.8951.333549
0.8961.333565
0.8971.333581
0.8981.333597
0.8991.333613
0.91.333629
0.9011.333644
0.9021.33366
0.9031.333676
0.9041.333691
0.9051.333707
0.9061.333723
0.9071.333738
0.9081.333754
0.9091.33377
0.911.333785
0.9111.333801
0.9121.333816
0.9131.333831
0.9141.333847
0.9151.333862
0.9161.333878
0.9171.333893
0.9181.333908
0.9191.333923
0.921.333939
0.9211.333954
0.9221.333969
0.9231.333984
0.9241.333999
0.9251.334014
0.9261.334029
0.9271.334044
0.9281.334059
0.9291.334074
0.931.334089
0.9311.334104
0.9321.334119
0.9331.334134
0.9341.334149
0.9351.334164
0.9361.334178
0.9371.334193
0.9381.334208
0.9391.334222
0.941.334237
0.9411.334252
0.9421.334266
0.9431.334281
0.9441.334295
0.9451.33431
0.9461.334324
0.9471.334339
0.9481.334353
0.9491.334368
0.951.334382
0.9511.334396
0.9521.334411
0.9531.334425
0.9541.334439
0.9551.334453
0.9561.334468
0.9571.334482
0.9581.334496
0.9591.33451
0.961.334524
0.9611.334538
0.9621.334552
0.9631.334566
0.9641.33458
0.9651.334594
0.9661.334608
0.9671.334622
0.9681.334636
0.9691.33465
0.971.334663
0.9711.334677
0.9721.334691
0.9731.334705
0.9741.334718
0.9751.334732
0.9761.334746
0.9771.334759
0.9781.334773
0.9791.334786
0.981.3348
0.9811.334813
0.9821.334827
0.9831.33484
0.9841.334854
0.9851.334867
0.9861.33488
0.9871.334894
0.9881.334907
0.9891.33492
0.991.334934
0.9911.334947
0.9921.33496
0.9931.334973
0.9941.334986
0.9951.334999
0.9961.335012
0.9971.335026
0.9981.335039
0.9991.335052
1.01.335065
1.00251.335097
1.0051.335129
1.00751.335161
1.011.335193
1.01251.335225
1.0151.335256
1.01751.335288
1.021.335319
1.02251.33535
1.0251.335381
1.02751.335411
1.031.335442
1.03251.335472
1.0351.335503
1.03751.335533
1.041.335563
1.04251.335593
1.0451.335622
1.04751.335652
1.051.335681
1.05251.33571
1.0551.335739
1.05751.335768
1.061.335797
1.06251.335825
1.0651.335854
1.06751.335882
1.071.33591
1.07251.335938
1.0751.335966
1.07751.335994
1.081.336021
1.08251.336049
1.0851.336076
1.08751.336103
1.091.33613
1.09251.336157
1.0951.336184
1.09751.33621
1.11.336237
1.10251.336263
1.1051.336289
1.10751.336315
1.111.336341
1.11251.336367
1.1151.336393
1.11751.336418
1.121.336444
1.12251.336469
1.1251.336494
1.12751.336519
1.131.336544
1.13251.336569
1.1351.336593
1.13751.336618
1.141.336642
1.14251.336666
1.1451.336691
1.14751.336715
1.151.336738
1.15251.336762
1.1551.336786
1.15751.336809
1.161.336833
1.16251.336856
1.1651.336879
1.16751.336902
1.171.336925
1.17251.336948
1.1751.33697
1.17751.336993
1.181.337016
1.18251.337038
1.1851.33706
1.18751.337082
1.191.337104
1.19251.337126
1.1951.337148
1.19751.33717
1.21.337191
1.20251.337213
1.2051.337234
1.20751.337255
1.211.337276
1.21251.337297
1.2151.337318
1.21751.337339
1.221.33736
1.22251.33738
1.2251.337401
1.22751.337421
1.231.337442
1.23251.337462
1.2351.337482
1.23751.337502
1.241.337522
1.24251.337542
1.2451.337561
1.24751.337581
1.251.3376
1.25251.33762
1.2551.337639
1.25751.337658
1.261.337677
1.26251.337696
1.2651.337715
1.26751.337734
1.271.337753
1.27251.337772
1.2751.33779
1.27751.337809
1.281.337827
1.28251.337845
1.2851.337864
1.28751.337882
1.291.3379
1.29251.337918
1.2951.337936
1.29751.337953
1.31.337971
1.30251.337989
1.3051.338006
1.30751.338024
1.311.338041
1.31251.338058
1.3151.338075
1.31751.338092
1.321.338109
1.32251.338126
1.3251.338143
1.32751.33816
1.331.338177
1.33251.338193
1.3351.33821
1.33751.338226
1.341.338243
1.34251.338259
1.3451.338275
1.34751.338291
1.351.338307
1.35251.338323
1.3551.338339
1.35751.338355
1.361.338371
1.36251.338387
1.3651.338402
1.36751.338418
1.371.338433
1.37251.338449
1.3751.338464
1.37751.338479
1.381.338494
1.38251.338509
1.3851.338524
1.38751.338539
1.391.338554
1.39251.338569
1.3951.338584
1.39751.338598
1.41.338613
1.40251.338628
1.4051.338642
1.40751.338657
1.411.338671
1.41251.338685
1.4151.338699
1.41751.338714
1.421.338728
1.42251.338742
1.4251.338756
1.42751.33877
1.431.338783
1.43251.338797
1.4351.338811
1.43751.338825
1.441.338838
1.44251.338852
1.4451.338865
1.44751.338879
1.451.338892
1.45251.338905
1.4551.338918
1.45751.338931
1.461.338945
1.46251.338958
1.4651.338971
1.46751.338983
1.471.338996
1.47251.339009
1.4751.339022
1.47751.339035
1.481.339047
1.48251.33906
1.4851.339072
1.48751.339085
1.491.339097
1.49251.33911
1.4951.339122
1.49751.339134
1.51.339146
1.50251.339158
1.5051.33917
1.50751.339182
1.511.339194
1.51251.339206
1.5151.339218
1.51751.33923
1.521.339242
1.52251.339254
1.5251.339265
1.52751.339277
1.531.339288
1.53251.3393
1.5351.339311
1.53751.339323
1.541.339334
1.54251.339345
1.5451.339357
1.54751.339368
1.551.339379
1.55251.33939
1.5551.339401
1.55751.339412
1.561.339423
1.56251.339434
1.5651.339445
1.56751.339456
1.571.339467
1.57251.339477
1.5751.339488
1.57751.339499
1.581.339509
1.58251.33952
1.5851.33953
1.58751.339541
1.591.339551
1.59251.339562
1.5951.339572
1.59751.339582
1.61.339592
1.60251.339603
1.6051.339613
1.60751.339623
1.611.339633
1.61251.339643
1.6151.339653
1.61751.339663
1.621.339673
1.62251.339683
1.6251.339693
1.62751.339702
1.631.339712
1.63251.339722
1.6351.339731
1.63751.339741
1.641.339751
1.64251.33976
1.6451.33977
1.64751.339779
1.651.339789
1.65251.339798
1.6551.339807
1.65751.339817
1.661.339826
1.66251.339835
1.6651.339844
1.66751.339853
1.671.339863
1.67251.339872
1.6751.339881
1.67751.33989
1.681.339899
1.68251.339908
1.6851.339916
1.68751.339925
1.691.339934

Optical transmission calculator

Free-standing sample in vacuum, normal incidence
Method
Transmittance T
—
Reflectance R
—

Fresnel reflection calculator

Direction
Rp
—
Rs
—
R = (Rp+Rs)/2
—
Phase φp
—
Phase φs
—
Brewster angle θB
—
Critical angle θC
—